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A mother's wisdom, a leader's charge: Her Royal Highness's inspiring call to IIUM graduates
No full textIn universities around the world, the Charge to the Graduates is a distinguished tradition in which the institution's highest authority delivers a final message of wisdom, aspiration, and moral direction to the degree recipients. More than a ceremonial speech, the Charge is a moment when the university's core values are articulated clearly and personally, reminding graduates of the noble responsibilities that accompany their academic achievements. Through this Charge, the Constitutional Head, Chancellor, or Rector conveys the institution's hopes, expectations, and guiding moral values as graduates transition from students into bearers of the university's mission. In the context of the International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), which conducted her 41st Convocation recently, the Charge carries even deeper significance. Rooted in a philosophy that integrates revelation, reason, and compassion, the Charge becomes a moral mandate, calling graduates to embody Tawhid, uphold justice, and serve humanity. It is both an honor and an amanah that connects each graduating cohort to the soul and identity of the university
Editorial
No full textIt is with great pleasure that we present to our esteemed readers the August 2025 issue of al-Burhān: Journal of Qur’an and Sunnah Studies. This volume brings together a diverse range of scholarly contributions that engage with the Qur’an, the Prophetic Sunnah, Islamic thought, and the lived realities of Muslim societies. Collectively, the articles reflect a balance between classical textual scholarship and contemporary socio-intellectual challenges, reaffirming the dynamism of Islamic knowledge in addressing perennial questions and modern predicaments.
Qur’anic Coherence and Methodologies of Interpretation
The opening article, “Apparent Contradictions in the Qur’an: Preconditions, Causes, and Scholarly Methodologies of Resolution,” revisits a timeless issue in Qur’anic studies: the claim of contradiction in revelation. By foregrounding the classical uṣūlī framework and demonstrating its enduring relevance, the author reaffirms the impossibility of true contradiction in the Qur’an and offers methodological clarity for students and scholars alike. Complementing this is a quantitative study on “Statistical Validation of 19-Letter Verses in the Qur’an,” which approaches the text through the lens of numerical analysis. This piece contributes to the growing discourse on the Qur’an’s structural integrity, situating statistical inquiry within the broader tradition of safeguarding its preservation.
Furthering the exegetical focus, “Al-Sabuni’s Methodology in Interpreting Legal Qur’anic Verses” offers a critical appraisal of Rawā’iʿ al-Bayān, illuminating how a modern mufassir navigates classical jurisprudence and contemporary realities. Equally significant is the thematic study “Al-Amānah as a Foundational Qur’anic Principle in Daily Human Affairs,” which emphasizes the centrality of trustworthiness as a guiding ethic for both individual conduct and communal cohesion.
Social and Ethical Realities of Muslim Communities
This issue also addresses pressing social questions confronting Muslim families and societies today. The article on “The Main Reasons for Divorces in Cambodian Muslim Families and the Solutions” offers empirical insights into marital breakdown, highlighting how insufficient religious literacy, external interference, and weakened mutual trust erode the family unit. In parallel, “Social Justice and the Effects of Its Application in the Family Context in Bangladesh” underscores the Qur’anic imperative of justice within familial structures, drawing connections between scriptural principles and the lived experience of Bangladeshi households.
Two additional contributions emphasize the shaping of moral and social life through Islamic teachings: “The Friday Pulpit Between Idle Talk and Reverence” draws attention to the challenge of distractions in Friday sermons in the modern age, while “Social Values in the Holy Qur’an in the Ethics of Forgiveness, Cooperation, and Reform” highlights the Qur’an’s role in cultivating a society founded on mercy, reconciliation, and solidarity.
Broader Intellectual and Civilizational Concerns
Beyond the family and community sphere, this issue turns to global and civilizational challenges. “The Role of Islamic Legislation in Addressing Racial Discrimination” positions Islamic law as a timeless framework to dismantle prejudice and affirm human dignity. In the realm of intellectual history, “A Critical Study of the Accusations against Imām Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī” revisits the polemics surrounding one of Islam’s greatest theologians, offering a nuanced assessment of his contributions and critics.
The article on “Scientific Miracles in the Qur’an: Between Religious Texts and Modern Discoveries” engages with the ongoing debate on reconciling revelation with science, cautioning against hasty claims while affirming the Qur’an’s potential to inspire genuine scientific inquiry. Similarly, “The Effects of the Proliferation of Spurious Hadith on Islamic Communities” warns of contemporary threats to the integrity of the Sunnah, highlighting the dangers of weak and fabricated reports circulating through modern media.
Finally, in the field of Islamic economics, “Murabahah Contract as a Shariah-Compliant Alternative to Interest-Based Financing” offers a critical analysis of contemporary applications of a classical financing model through the lens of maqāṣid al-sharīʿah. By linking economic realities with ethical imperatives, the article demonstrates the adaptability of Shariah principles in addressing modern financial needs.
Concluding Reflections
Taken together, the contributions in this issue underscore three interwoven themes: the enduring coherence and interpretive richness of the Qur’an and Sunnah; the urgent need to apply Islamic principles to contemporary family, social, and financial challenges; and the continuous dialogue between classical scholarship and modern intellectual pursuits.
We extend our gratitude to the authors for their rigorous research, to the reviewers for their critical insights, and to our readers for their continued engagement with al-Burhān. May this volume serve not only as a repository of scholarly knowledge but also as an inspiration for deeper reflection and practical application of the Qur’an and Sunnah in our collective lives.
NOOR MOHAMMAD OSMANI
Editor-in-chief
August 202
Intraocular pressure changes during Valsalva manoeuvre in young and middle-aged adult populations
No full textBackground: Intraocular pressure (IOP) is a critical physiological parameter that maintains the
structural integrity and function of the eye. Understanding its dynamic behaviour under transient
physiological stressors is essential for comprehensive ocular assessment. The Valsalva manoeuvre
(VM) acutely increases central and episcleral venous pressures, providing a natural model for studying
short-term IOP fluctuations. This study aimed to investigate and compare dynamic IOP changes during
the VM between young and middle-aged adults to establish age-specific response patterns. Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 42 healthy participants, equally divided into a young
adult group (18–25 years) and a middle-aged adult group (40–65 years). IOP was recorded at four
time points: pre-VM (0 s), intra-VM (10 s and 20 s) and post-VM (900 s). The VM was standardized by
maintaining an expiratory pressure of 40 mmHg for 20 seconds using an aneroid manometer.
Repeated-measures ANOVA with Bonferroni-corrected paired t-tests assessed IOP changes within
each group, while independent-samples t-tests compared responses between age groups. Results:
Both age groups exhibited a significant transient IOP elevation, peaking at 10 s during the VM before
declining toward baseline. In young adults, mean IOP increased from 14.48 ± 3.34 mmHg (pre-VM) to
18.05 ± 3.53 mmHg (10 s), while in middle-aged adults, it rose from 14.00 ± 3.05 mmHg to 17.81 ±
3.06 mmHg (10 s). By 900 s post-VM, IOP had returned to near-baseline levels in both groups. No
statistically significant inter-group difference in IOP change was found across any VM phase (p > 0.05).
Conclusion: The transient IOP elevation observed in both groups reflects the physiological mechanism
in which the VM raises episcleral venous pressure, temporarily impeding aqueous humour outflow.
The rapid recovery of IOP to baseline indicates effective ocular and systemic autoregulation following
acute venous congestion. The absence of a significant age-related difference suggests that
hemodynamic defence and ocular pressure regulatory mechanisms remain comparably efficient
between young and middle-aged adults
Alleged fatal motor vehicle accident uncovering the mystery a case report
No full textIntroduction:
Forensic pathology plays a great role in medical healthcare, particularly in determining the cause of death in medicolegal cases. Often times cases of alleged motor vehicle accidents (MVAs) are associated with traumatic injuries as the primary cause of death. However, in some circumstances, the cause of death is preceded by a natural event. Therefore, there is a crucial need of performing a thorough medicolegal autopsy in such cases to precisely establish the cause of death. This case report explores a fatal MVA in which the driver succumbed to a natural cause, emphasizing the importance of autopsy in distinguishing between traumatic and natural death.
Case report:
The case involves a 50-year-old male with underlying Diabetes Mellitus who was involved in a minor motor vehicle collision. Despite the lack of significant injuries, the driver was found unresponsive at the scene and was later pronounced dead at Emergency Department. Forensic examination, including a comprehensive autopsy and laboratory investigation, revealed that the death was due to ruptured coronary artery plaque.
Conclusion:
This case emphasizes the critical importance role of forensic pathology in accurately identifying the cause of death in MVAs, especially when natural causes are suspected. It highlights the need for detailed post-mortem investigations to distinguish between deaths caused by traumatic injuries and those resulting from other underlying medical conditions. The findings further provide precision into establishment of the cause of death, manner of death and mechanism of death which is the foundation in legal proceedings besides contributing in the broader context of public health and safety
TAHAP PENGUASAAN KATA KERJA DALAM KALANGAN GENERASI Z DI UNIVERSITI ISLAM ANTARABANGSA MALAYSIA (UIAM) KAMPUS PAGOH
Get PDFGenerasi Z merupakan tunjang utama dalam memartabatkan bahasa Melayu agar semakin dikenali sehingga ke peringkat antarabangsa. Namun begitu, penguasaan tatabahasa generasi
Z hari ini dilihat berada pada tahap yang lemah terutama sekali dalam kalangan pelajar di institusi pengajian tinggi. Kajian yang akan dijalankan ini adalah bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti bentuk-bentuk penggunaan kata kerja dan menganalisis penguasaan kata kerja dalam kalangan generasi Z di Universiti Islam Antarabangsa Malaysia, Kampus Pagoh. Kajian yang
bersifat kualitatif ini telah memilih seramai 15 orang responden bagi mendapatkan 15 manuskrip cerpen hasil penulisan pelajar untuk mengenal pasti bentuk-bentuk penggunaan kata kerja. Selain itu, seramai 30 orang responden dipilih untuk menjawab borang soal selidik berbentuk Google Form bagi mengukur tahap penguasaan kata kerja dalam kalangan pelajar.
Hasil analisis dokumen tugasan pelajar, memperlihatkan sebanyak 140 jumlah kata kerja yang berbeza bentuk telah ditemukan dalam penulisan cerpen mereka. Walaupun begitu,
berdasarkan skor markah yang diperoleh, hasil dapatan menunjukkan tahap penguasaan kata kerja dalam kalangan pelajar berada pada tahap sederhana yang mana 12 orang memperoleh tahap tinggi, 15 orang tahap sederhana dan 3 orang berada pada tahap rendah. Penentuan tahap penguasaan ini ditentukan berdasarkan kepada skor markah yang diadaptasi daripada kajian pengkaji lepas. Kajian lanjutan perlu dijalankan supaya kita dapat mengekalkan tatabahasa bahasa Melayu dalam kelompok masyarakat kini yang dilihat semakin mudah terpengaruh dengan bahasa asing. Oleh itu, penghasilan kajian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan sumbangan kepada bidang morfologi serta dapat menjadi sumber rujukan dan pembacaan
kepada para pengkaji akan datang
Positioning Knowledge as the Pillar for Nation-Building and Global Peace
No full textUzbekistan is home to remarkable research and knowledge institutions that actively engage with the global academic community. These institutions have extended invitations to international partners to benefit from their heritage, expertise and contributions to the expansion and generation of knowledge. Their commitment to nation-building, anchored in substantial tradition, values, and a vision to share these with the world is evident in consistent collaborative programmes with international agencies and institutions. Within Uzbekistan, this dedication is clearly reflected in the advancement of the education sector, the strengthening of research endeavours, and the preservation of a rich tradition of religious scholarship. Together, these pursuits demonstrate a forward-looking nation determined to nurture both intellectual excellence and moral grounding, for the benefit of its people and the wider world
A beacon of knowledge and faith: the new Imam Al-Bukhari Mosque in Samarkand
No full textThe historic city of Samarkand will soon witness a momentous occasion, the official opening of the Imam Al-Bukhari Mosque, a majestic new centerpiece within the Imam Al-Bukhari Memorial Complex in Khartang Village, a suburb in Samarqand, Uzbekistan. This opening does not only celebrate the remarkable architectural achievement but also revives a centuries-old legacy of scholarship, spirituality, and service to humanity. The new mosque stands near the resting place of Imam Muhammad ibn Isma'il Al-Bukhari (810-870 CE), one of Islam's most revered scholars and the compiler of Sahih al-Bukhari, universally regarded as the most authentic collection of Hadith after the Qur'an. The mosque indeed epitomizes Uzbekistan's effort in honoring a scholar of timeless influence. For centuries, visitors and scholars from around the world have visited his mausoleum in Khartang, a humble site that has now evolved into a global center of knowledge, faith and learning. Following Uzbekistan's independence, the government and international partners launched extensive efforts to restore and expand the Al-Bukhari Memorial Complex, transforming it into a space that reflects both deep reverence for the past and optimism for the future. The Complex which is a new landmark for Central Asia houses various significant buildings, including the newly constructed Imam Al-Bukhari Mosque
Pendekatan tauhidik dalam pengurusan emosi ibu bapa yang mempunyai anak berkeperluan khas menerusi perspektif Risālah al-Nūr = A tawhidic approach to emotional management of parents with special needs children through the perspective of Risālah al-Nūr
No full textKajian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti konsep pengurusan emosi keibubapaan anak
berkeperluan khas menerusi perspektif Risālah al-Nūr dengan memberi fokus kepada dimensi
spiritual dan nilai Islam yang diketengahkan oleh Imām Badi‘uzzamān Sa‘īd Nursī. Kajian ini
menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan kaedah analisis dokumen terhadap kandungan
kitab Risālah al-Nūr. Hasil analisis mendapati bahawa pengurusan emosi keibubapaan dapat
dibangunkan melalui tiga kerangka utama: tafakkur (refleksi), ta’ammul (cara mengurus
emosi), dan istiqāmah (peneguhan). Tafakkur membantu ibu bapa melakukan refleksi rohani
dalam memahami hakikat dan hikmah ujian. Ta’ammul melibatkan pengurusan emosi secara
reflektif dan penilaian rohani terhadap ujian, manakala istiqāmah menekankan aspek
konsistensi dalam memperkukuh keimanan dan kestabilan emosi. Ketiga-tiga komponen ini
saling melengkapi sebagai strategi pengurusan emosi yang berpaksikan kerohanian Islam.
Diharapkan dapatan kajian ini dapat memberi sumbangan kepada bidang psikologi Islam dan
menawarkan perspektif baharu berasaskan Risālah al-Nūr dalam memperkukuh kesejahteraan
emosi dan kerohanian keluarga khususnya yang mempunyai anak berkeperluan khas
Islamic spirituality in medical doctor curriculum development: a framework for integration of naqlī and ʿaqlī knowledge
No full textThe growing recognition of spirituality as a vital component of holistic patient care has spurred a movement to integrate this dimension into medical education globally. From an Islamic perspective, which has historically embraced a holistic view of healing, the separation of the spiritual from the physical in modern medical practice presents a significant challenge. This paper examines the critical need and frameworks for integrating Islamic spirituality into the undergraduate Medical Doctor (MD) curriculum. Drawing upon foundational Islamic concepts such as the Tawhidic epistemological paradigm and Prophetic Medicine (al-ṭibb al-nabawī) and analysing the pioneering curriculum models of Malaysian institutions like Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM), International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), and Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), this study identifies key educational needs, opportunities, and challenges. The findings suggest that a successful integration requires a value-driven, programmatic approach that combines both revealed (naqlī) and rational (ʿaqlī) knowledge. This paper proposes a curriculum development framework to guide Muslim medical schools in cultivating spiritually competent, compassionate physicians who are equipped to address the complete well-being of their patients in the 21st century