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The impact of said Nursi’s Iman Tahqiqi on the spiritual and mental health of adults: a case study among IIUM students
No full textAs the central theme of Islam, Iman and its application always played a major role in Muslim societies by shaping their beliefs, theories, and approaches. In this regard, the rapid decline of Muslim civilization in the last two centuries has heightened the need for rethinking. There is a growing body of literature that recognizes the importance of Said Nursi's Iman Tahqiqi (verified and internalized faith) theory in this context. Up to now, very little attention has been paid to applying the theory of Nursi's Iman Tahqiqi in the field of spiritual and mental health, although according to Nursi, the greatest challenge for Muslim societies in modern times is to protect Iman and spiritual health against the increasing influence of western philosophies and pseudoscience. This study, therefore, aims to examine how Iman Tahqiqi positively influences the mental health of university students, nurtures their spiritual fulfilment, and enhances their capacity to cope with stress. Besides the library research on the topic, interviews and survey data are collected to assess the relationship between Iman Tahqiqi and spiritual-mental well-being, and to analyze its various aspects. This study demonstrates that the theory of Iman Tahqiqi can contribute significantly to the field of spiritual and mental health, consequently integrating these issues into the central theme of Islam and Muslim societie
Integrating GeoAI-based marine conservation with fiqh and usul al-fiqh: a review
No full textMarine ecosystems are increasingly threatened by climate change, unsustainable fishing, coastal development, and pollution, necessitating more sophisticated and value-driven approaches to conservation. Geospatial Artificial Intelligence (GeoAI), which integrates GIS, remote sensing, and artificial intelligence, has emerged as a powerful tool for marine environmental governance through its capabilities in spatial analysis, environmental monitoring, predictive modelling, and decision support. At the same time, the Islamic disciplines of Fiqh and Usul al-Fiqh offer a comprehensive ethical and legal framework grounded in principles such as khilāfah (stewardship), mīzān (balance), maqāṣid al-sharīʿah (higher objectives of Islamic law), maṣlaḥah (public interest), and sadd al-dharī‘ah (blocking the means to harm). This paper conceptually explores the integration of GeoAI with Islamic jurisprudential principles to develop a holistic framework for marine conservation. It first outlines key GeoAI applications and then examines how Fiqh and Usul al-Fiqh can guide the ethical use of these technologies, particularly through maqasid-oriented governance and preventive approaches informed by sadd al-dharī‘ah. The study concludes that GeoAI can serve as an effective instrument to operationalise Islamic environmental ethics by providing empirical evidence for ethically grounded policy decisions. The proposed integration strengthens both scientific robustness and moral legitimacy in marine governance, especially in Muslim-majority contexts, and highlights future directions for institutional frameworks, capacity-building, and interdisciplinary collaboration
Advancing coral reef monitoring: a deep learning perspective on automated segmentation and classification
No full textIn this study, we investigate the potential of computer vision and artificial intelligence techniques, particularly deep learning, to revolutionize coral reef monitoring. Traditional methods, relying heavily on manual assessments, are labor-intensive and inadequate for the vast and remote areas of coral reefs. Our research focuses on addressing these limitations by developing and evaluating deep learning models for automated coral reef image segmentation and classification. Specifically, we explore the application of state-of-the-art convolutional neural networks for accurately segmenting and classifying coral reef images into distinct categories, such as alive, dead, sandy, and unknown. A comprehensive literature review, utilizing databases such as IEEE Xplore, Google Scholar, and Science Direct, informed our understanding of existing approaches and challenges. Our models were trained and evaluated on a carefully curated dataset of coral reef imagery from [mention general region, e.g., a specific reef system in Southeast Asia]. Our findings demonstrate the effectiveness of deep learning in enhancing the accuracy and efficiency of coral reef monitoring, with implications for conservation efforts. The proposed methods show promise in advancing the precision and scalability of coral reef monitoring systems, underscoring the critical role of interdisciplinary collaboration in this endeavor
Reduced dentin hypersensitivity by nanohydroxyapatite and Salacca zalacca skin extract
No full textObjective: to determine the potential of the combination of hydroxyapatite and Salacca zalacca skin extract (HAp-SAL) for reducing dentin hypersensitivity by cover-ing the dentinal tubules. Methods: HAp-SAL was mixed in different ratios. Group A is a control, while Groups B, C, and D are groupings of HAp:SAL in 2:1, 1:1, and 1:2 ratios. They were administered to dentin samples for 14 days. Scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) analysis was performed. The data was categorized into three categories of dentinal tubule closure. The data were analyzed using the Kruskal–Wallis test to determine the differences between groups. Results: There were significant differences (p < 0.05) between groups. This study showed the formation of mineral deposits on the tubule walls and the accumulation of calcium and phosphate ions surrounding the dentinal tubules. Conclusion: The combination of HAp-SAL skin extract may be able to lessen dentin hypersensitivity by coating dentinal tubules
Tocilizumab for super-refractory status epilepticus in children with FIRES: a case series
No full textPurpose: Febrile infection-related epilepsy syndrome (FIRES) is a catastrophic epileptic encephalopathy that can occur at any age, with limited treatment options. Conventional immunotherapies often show poor efficacy. We evaluated the effectiveness and safety of the interleukin-6 receptor blocker, tocilizumab, in children with FIRES.
Methods: We retrospectively reviewed medical records, electroencephalography, and neuroimaging of seven children with FIRES treated at our center between 2018 and 2022. Outcomes included cessation of super-refractory status epilepticus (SRSE), seizure burden, and functional outcome using the Pediatric Cerebral Performance Category (PCPC) scale.
Results: Seven previously healthy children (median age 9 years; range 2–13) developed SRSE following febrile illness. Extensive investigations, including cerebrospinal fluid studies, viral panels, and autoimmune testing were negative, consistent with cryptogenic FIRES. Initial MRI was normal in six children; one showed symmetrical T2/ FLAIR hyperintensities involving deep grey matter structures. All patients received a multimodal therapeutic strategy including intravenous midazolam, high-dose phenobarbitone, ketogenic diet, therapeutic hypothermia, and/or immunotherapy—prior to tocilizumab. Intravenous tocilizumab was initiated at a median of 17 days from illness onset (range 6–46). SRSE resolved within a median of 5 days (range 2–12) after administration. At 6-month follow-up, six of seven patients developed chronic epilepsy, characterised by weekly to monthly seizures, while one remained seizure free. Functional recovery was noted in four patients, each achieving a Pediatric Cerebral Performance Category (PCPC) score of ≤2. Adverse events included grade 2 leukopenia or diarrhoea (n = 3) and grade 4 sepsis (n = 1); all resolved with treatment. No deaths occurred.
Conclusion: Tocilizumab was associated with rapid resolution of SRSE, seizure reduction, and functional recovery in children with FIRES, with manageable side effects. While causality cannot be confirmed given concurrent therapies and variable timing of administration, these findings support consideration of interleukin-6 blockade as a potential adjunctive treatment in FIRE
CAN-BiGRUBERT: unveiling automotive vehicle intruders by profiling and characterizing anomalies in controller area network
No full textIn-vehicle Controller Area Networks (CAN) are vulnerable to various injection attacks that can compromise the safety of vehicle occupants and result in financial losses. While a substantial body of work on CAN intrusion detection exists, it lacks multiclass attack classification models. Current multiclass models do not encompass all attack types or account for the vehicle’s state, i.e., whether the car is stationary or in motion. This work addresses these limitations by proposing CAN-BiGRUBERT, a multiclass CAN intrusion detection model that jointly predicts the vehicle state and attack class from CAN traffic windows. CAN-BiGRUBERT employs Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) to capture spatial dependencies within
individual CAN frames, and a Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Unit (BiGRU) network to capture temporal dependencies across multiple frames in a window. For training and evaluating CAN BiGRUBERT, we comprehensively reviewed current CAN intrusion datasets to select the HCRL Attack & Defense dataset, which contains all injection attacks executed in both vehicle states. We implemented CAN-BiGRUBERT and compared its performance with other variants and state-of-the-art CAN attack classification models, based on individual CAN frames, arbitration
identifier (AID) sequences, and windows of complete frames. Compared to the baseline models, the proposed model achieved higher accuracy and F1-score, indicating its superior ability to predict the vehicle state and attack class simultaneously. Specifically excelling in detecting replay
attacks and discriminating between driving and stationary states, CAN-BiGRUBERT represents a promising enhanced, informative intrusion detection method for in-vehicle CAN
مختصر كتاب التربية اليابانيَّة المركَّبة: الاقتراحات والدروس المستفادة = The Japanese experience in compounded education: suggestions and lessons learned
No full textالتربية اليابانية المركَّبة.. إنه موضوع الريادة اليابانية بامتياز؛ فالتربية أوقفت اليابان رائدة في العلم والتكنولوجيا. يستعيد هذا الكتاب لقاء تاريخيا حميميا بين التربية والقيم الثقافية؛ حيث تخلّقت المعاصرة في رحم هذا اللقاء المعطاء، فأتت عصارتها نافعة للمجتمع التربوي الياباني، ودافعة أيضا إلى كل من يستحثّ الخطى يدرسها ويتدارسها، عسى أن يفيد منها ويعيد لأمته مجدا ضائعا. ولكن، من أسفٍ، لم يعد مجدا رائعا في عيون المسلمين المعاصرين الذين خرجوا على أمّتهم من محراب الغرب، لا يعرفون مقاما سواه. يرشد هذا الكتاب إلى المسالك المرنة التي سلكتها اليابان للخروج الآمن من مضيق التغريب بمساعدة من القيم الثقافية وبمساندة بذل الجهد؛ حيث خرجت إلى النور تربية مركَّبة معاصرة لا تدير وجهها للعهد القديم وحديثه. ألا تستحقّ أن تكون التربية اليابانية المركَّبة موضع تأمّل للرافضين للقيم الدينية والثقافية العربية الإسلامية بحجّة أنها لم تعد معاصرة لنا؟ فهل أيضا بذل الجهد – المهجور في عالم المسلم- لم يعد معاصرا لنا؟ إنها حجّة داحضة! هذا ما يناقشه الكتاب الذي يحاجج بأن القيم الدينية والثقافية إلى جانب بذل الجهد ما برحت تشكّل عوامل حاسمة في النهضة التربوية اليابانية المعاصرة
AI and RIoT for rehabilitation: advancing hand gesture recognition and voice assistance
Get PDFAfter a heart attack or a stroke, the patient needs rehabilitation; nevertheless, obviously, conventional approaches are costly, time-consuming, and need a highly qualified staff, which excludes the majority of patients. As part of the proposed solution, this research incorporates Rehabilitation Internet-of-Things (RIoT) that uses Mediapipe for hand gesture detection and voice to guide the exercises. The culmination of the system is to offer availability of computer vision coupled with speech recognition to evaluate the performance during the exercise and to report the extent of rehabilitation within the shortest time. In particular, these movements include flexion, extension of fingers, pinch using the thumb index finger, and opening/closing of the hand and full hand movement that helps in determining the degree of motion for performing movements during the rehabilitation exercises. The RIoT system acts as a voice-activated, on-the-body graphical display that helps the partly mobile users as they obtain real-time feedback from their hand gestures. The sensitivity of the deep learning-based gesture recognition and the speech synthesized is then tested and practiced on recovering patients before testing on the system platform. Thus, the system, in the framework of utilizing assistive automation for rehabilitation, releases the necessity to use human observers while still keeping the overall control by doctors or other healthcare managers. and enables the access to the high-quality rehabilitation therapy for patients, contributes to the decreased healthcare expenditures, and improve the outcomes of the overall patient rehabilitation
Agarwood's role in inflammatory-related conditions: a systematic review of animal models
Get PDFAgarwood (Aquilaria spp.) is a resinous wood traditionally used in various medicinal systems across Asia for treating inflammation-related ailments. Despite its longstanding ethnopharmacological use, scientific validation of its anti-inflammatory effects remains fragmented. This scoping review aims to systematically evaluate and synthesize current evidence from animal studies investigating the anti-inflammatory potential of agarwood. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Inclusion criteria focused on original animal studies assessing the anti-inflammatory effects of agarwood extracts, essential oils, or derivatives. Data on study design, animal models, agarwood species, treatment dosage, duration, biomarkers, and outcomes were extracted and summarized narratively due to methodological heterogeneity. Eight studies met inclusion criteria, involving models of inflammation-related conditions such as pain, neuroinflammation, gastrointestinal injury, cancer, and toxicity. Agarwood treatment consistently reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α), modulated oxidative stress markers (e.g., NO, SOD, GSH), and regulated signalling pathways including NF-κB, p38 MAPK, and Nrf2–ARE. Notably, improvements were observed in behavioural and histological outcomes across models, with evidence of dose-dependent effects in several studies. In conclusion, preclinical evidence supports agarwood’s broad-spectrum anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties across multiple organ systems. These findings provide mechanistic insights and a scientific basis for its traditional use. However, variability in species, extraction methods, and study designs highlights the need for standardised protocols and clinical validation to advance agarwood as a potential therapeutic agen
