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Effects of forward-facing cavity on drag in hypervelocity projectiles: a computational approach
No full textThe present numerical study examines hypersonic flow (Mach 5.9) over a blunt body, comparing configurations with and without a forward-facing cavity (FFC). Operating at 1200 Pa and 143 K free-stream conditions, the research focuses on critical parameters, including the drag coefficient, pressure fluctuations, and shock stand-off distance, using unsteady-state RANS simulations. The findings indicate that a forward-facing cavity reduces drag by up to 18% at an L/D ratio of 3. This improvement is attributed to an increased shock stand-off distance, which alters the flow dynamics around the body. The s-a turbulence model with three coefficient equations has satisfied the Navier-Stokes equations to simulate hypervelocity flow over a blunt body. The current time-dependent simulation has provided almost steady results after reaching 11 milliseconds. A comparative analysis of blunt bodies with and without cavities, and with varying L/D ratios, further demonstrates that deeper cavities enhance performance in hypervelocity conditions
Passive control of suddenly expanded flow and temperature distribution along the duct at the critical Mach number
No full textAbrupt relief at the blunt base is common in aerospace because a recirculation zone reduces pressure and increases drag. This study investigates the control of base pressure at Mach 1.0 by using quarter-ribs placed at various points within an axisymmetric duct. CFD simulations with ANSYS Fluent identified the optimal rib size, position, and nozzle pressure ratio (NPR) for either maximizing or minimizing base pressure. Air flows from a converging nozzle into a 16 mm diameter duct, with lengths ranging from L/D = 1 to 6, rib radii from 1 mm to 2.5 mm, and placements from L/D = 0.5 to 2.0. Results demonstrate that ribs significantly impact base pressure by interacting with the shear layer and duct wall. This interaction affects flow reattachment and the pressure differences, which depend on the ribs' size and location. Ribs at 0.5D and 1D slightly increase base pressure, while those at 1.5D and 2D are more effective. Larger rib radii enhance shear layer reattachment, further boosting pressure. Temperature analysis reveals a rise immediately behind the rib, attributed to the increased flow area, followed by a subsequent drop. These findings enable the optimization of passive control strategies in high-speed aerodynamics, thereby improving system reliability, reducing costs, increasing fuel efficiency, and supporting environmental goals
FROM PARTICIPATION TO PROFICIENCY: HOW ENGLISH CLUB ACTIVITIES ENHANCE NURSING STUDENTS’ ENGLISH SKILLS
Full text linkEnglish language learning in nursing colleges plays a crucial role because students are required to master language skills that support academic and professional competencies. However, formal classroom learning often fails to develop practical skills, necessitating supporting strategies such as extracurricular activities. This study aims to analyze the contribution of the English Club to improving the English language skills of nursing students at the Academy of Nursing Kesdam Iskandar Muda Banda Aceh (AKIMBA). The research method used is descriptive quantitative with correlation analysis technique. The research sample consisted of 50 students who actively participated in the English Club. Data were collected through a closed questionnaire to determine student perceptions and documentation of Study Result Card (KHS) scores to measure learning achievement. The results showed that student perceptions of the English Club were very positive with an average of 82.3% (strongly agree category). The Product Moment correlation test produced a value of r = 0.550 with a sig. 0.00 < 0.05, which means there is a positive and significant relationship between student participation in the English Club and English learning achievement. This finding confirms that student activeness in the English Club plays an important role in improving English mastery, while also fostering motivation, discipline, and self-confidence. Thus, the English Club can be used as an effective supporting strategy in the context of English for Specific Purposes (ESP) in the nursing field
Pancreatic cancer education: a scoping review of evidence across patients, professionals and the public
Full text linkBackground: Pancreatic cancer is the least survivable malignancy, with five-year survival below 10%. Its vague, non-specific symptoms contribute to late diagnosis and poor outcomes. Targeted education for healthcare professionals, students, patients, carers, and the public may improve awareness, confidence, and early help-seeking. This scoping review aimed to map and synthesize peer-reviewed evidence on pancreatic cancer education, identifying intervention types, outcomes, and gaps in knowledge. Methods: A scoping review was undertaken using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) framework and the Arksey and O’Malley framework and reported in accordance with PRISMA-ScR guidelines. The protocol was registered on the Open Science Framework. Four databases (MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO) were searched for English-language, peer-reviewed studies evaluating educational interventions on pancreatic cancer for healthcare students, professionals, patients, carers, or the public. Grey literature was excluded to maintain a consistent methodological standard. Data were charted and synthesised narratively. Results: Nine studies (2018–2024) met inclusion criteria, predominantly from high-income countries. Interventions targeted students and professionals (n = 3), patients (n = 2), the public (n = 2), or mixed groups (n = 2), using modalities such as team-based learning, workshops, virtual reality, serious games, and digital animations. Four interrelated themes were identified, encompassing (1) Self-efficacy; (2) Knowledge; (3) Behavior; and (4) Acceptability. Digital and interactive approaches demonstrated particularly strong engagement and learning gains. Conclusions: Pancreatic cancer education shows clear potential to enhance knowledge, confidence, and engagement across diverse audiences. Digital platforms offer scalable opportunities but require quality assurance and long-term evaluation to sustain impact. The evidence base remains limited and fragmented, highlighting the need for validated outcome measures, longitudinal research, and greater international representation to support the integration of education into a global pancreatic cancer control strategy. Future studies should also evaluate how educational interventions influence clinical practice and real-world help-seeking behaviour
The role of Islamic banks to support halal industry in Indonesia: a systematic literature review
Full text linkIslamic banking in Indonesia plays a significant role in supporting the development of the halal industry, which encompasses various sectors. The distribution of Islamic bank financing for the productive sector has not been maximized. This research is guided by the approach of using the VOSviewer application to analyze the network of literature relevant to this topic. By using this method, this research can identify trends and relationships across previous studies on Islamic banking and the halal industry, and uncover research gaps that have not been widely explored. This research employed a qualitative approach, using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR), to examine the literature on Islamic banking and the halal industry. Data sources were obtained from the Publish or Perish application to extract bibliometric data, which was then analyzed using VOSviewer. The results showed that Islamic banking plays a strategic role in providing financing that supports the development of the halal industry, including working capital, investment, and related sectors. The policy implications are the importance of strengthening the synergy between the Islamic banking sector and the halal industry, as well as the need for more integrated policies to support the growth of the Islamic-based economy in Indonesia
Food insecurity determinants, coping strategies, and association with nutritional status among haemodialysis patients in Pahang, Malaysia: protocol for a mixed methods study
Full text linkBackground: Food insecurity involves the lack of physical and economic access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food that
meets an individual’s dietary needs. Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing hemodialysis have specific dietary needs, but food insecurity may hinder them from adhering to prescribed guidelines and preserving their nutritional status. However, no research has been conducted to elucidate food insecurity among patients undergoing hemodialysis in Malaysia.
Objective: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of food insecurity, its determinants, and its association with nutritional status and explore the coping strategies used among patients undergoing hemodialysis in Pahang, Malaysia.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that followed a mixed methods approach and was conducted with patients undergoing hemodialysis for ESRD at the Pahang Islamic Religious Council and Malay Customs (Majlis Ugama Islam dan Adat Resam Melayu Pahang [MUIP]) dialysis centers. The inclusion criteria were patients who were aged 18 years or older, were generally healthy, and had been undergoing hemodialysis regularly for at least 3 months. The food security status of the participants was determined using the Malay version of the Food Insecurity Experience Scale (M-FIES). The nutritional status included anthropometric measurements (height, weight, BMI, triceps skinfold [TSF] thickness, mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), midarm muscle circumference (MAMC), and body fat percentage), biochemical parameters (serum urea, creatinine, albumin, phosphate, potassium, hemoglobin, and total iron-binding capacity [TIBC]), clinical assessments (Malnutrition Inflammation Score [MIS] and protein energy wasting [PEW]), and dietary intake (adherence to total calorie, protein, sodium, potassium, and
phosphorus intake and diet monotony index [DMI]). The determinants were identified using logistic regression, while the association between food security status and nutritional status was analyzed using the chi-square or Fisher’s exact test and the independent t test. Semistructured interviews involved participants who were categorized as mildly, moderately, or severely food insecure in order to explore the contributing factors of food insecurity and how they coped with it based on their lived experience. The interviews were carried out until the data reached saturation, and then the data were analyzed thematically.
Results: The study was funded by the Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia under the Fundamental Research Grant Scheme (FRGS/1/2023/SS10/UIAM/02/1) starting in September 2023. Data collection was conducted from December 2023 until August 2024, involving 287 participants, and data analysis has also been completed. As of January 2026, quantitative findings are under review and qualitative findings are being prepared
Postnatal exercise during puerperium among women in the maternity unit cottege hospital Bojude
No full textBackground: Postnatal exercise is an important component of maternal health care during the puerperium, as it aids recovery, enhances physical fitness, promotes uterine involution, and helps prevent complications such as postpartum hemorrhage. Despite its benefits, many
women fail to engage in postnatal exercise due to cultural beliefs, lack of awareness, or poor compliance.
Objective: This study examined postnatal exercise practices during the puerperium among women in the maternity unit of Cottage Hospital, Bojude.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional survey design was employed, and data were collected using a structured questionnaire through random sampling. Out of 200 distributed questionnaires, 156 were completed and returned. Data were analyzed descriptively using frequency distribution tables.
Results: The findings revealed a perceived high level of awareness of postnatal exercise (71.0%) among the women; however, compliance with the recommended practices was
low(31.0%). Postnatal exercise was associated with age and education (p < 0.05), but not with birth preferences or parity (p ≥ 0.05). Respondents agreed that postnatal exercise
contributes to improved strength and fitness (71.0%), uterine involution (69%), and the prevention of postpartum hemorrhage (71.0%).
Conclusion: The study recommends sustained health education on the importance of postnatal exercise for puerperal women, particularly those who are younger or have lower levels of education. This should be promoted by health workers, religious leaders, government agencies, the media, and through seminars
Sejauh mana tahap kebersihan dalam sektor makanan dan minuman?
No full textPENJAGAAN kebersihan dalam sektor perusahaan mikro makanan dan minuman (F&B) adalah amat penting bagi memastikan kesihatan awam terpelihara. Walaupun beroperasi pada peringkat skala kecil, perusahaan makanan dan minuman mikro berpotensi menjadi punca pencemaran yang ketara sekiranya piawaian kebersihan tidak dipatuhi. Dengan interaksi rapat antara pengendali makanan dan pengguna, sebarang kelonggaran dalam kebersihan, amalan pengendalian makanan, atau sanitasi peralatan boleh menyebabkan penularan penyakit bawaan makanan. Pematuhan terhadap amalan kebersihan yang baik
Business ethics 3rd edition
No full textBusiness Ethics 3e, attractively presented in vibrant colours to signify diversity, is a clear and thoughtful introduction to ethical decision making from individual, organisational and societal perspectives. This comprehensive textbook specially caters for undergraduate students pursuing business, accounting and entrepreneurship courses at higher learning institutions. Building from its second edition (2018), contemporary business issues have been incorporated and deliberated from economic, legal and moral/ethical perspectives. Encapsulating 13 chapters, this textbook begins with the fundamental concepts, theories and principles of business ethics, followed by important topics such as ethical leadership and corporate culture, corporate governance, corporate social responsibility (CSR), business ethics and information technology (IT), ethics and the environment as well as ethics in the global environment. Additionally, this edition directly engages with real-world cases and dilemmas facing business organisations nowadays, mostly drawn from the Malaysian and Asian experiences. An added chapter on artificial intelligence, ethics and society, has been crafted and included to bridge innovation and accountability. 32 relatable new cases, (well spread in each of the 13 chapters’ content as well as end-of chapter case study sections) have been included for practical discussions