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„Czyściec na ziemi” – możliwość, natura i skutki
No full textThe aim of this article is to remind us that in the light of what the Magisterium of the Church, the Theologians and the Mystics declare, it is worth considering the so-called „Purgatory on Earth”, which is a conscious and voluntary process of purification from the consequences of sins, which if not fulfilled before death, will have its completion after it, in the state called Purgatory. The article consists of three parts, which consecutively discuss: the possibility, the nature, and the effects of the so-called „Purgatory on Earth” and it closes with a practical conclusion to encourage responsible involvement in one’s own spiritual development.Celem artykułu jest przypomnienie, że w świetle wypowiedzi Magisterium Kościoła, teologów i mistyków warto podjąć refleksję nad tzw. „czyśćcem na ziemi”, czyli świadomym i dobrowolnym procesem oczyszczania się z konsekwencji grzechów, który jeśli nie zostanie ukończony przed śmiercią, swoje dopełnienie będzie miał po niej, w stanie nazywanym czyśćcem. Artykuł składa się z trzech części omawiających kolejno: możliwość, naturę i skutki tzw. „czyśćca na ziemi”, a zostaje zwieńczony wnioskiem natury praktycznej, zachęcającym do odpowiedzialnego zaangażowania we własny rozwój duchowy
Zmartwychwstanie i nadzieja treścią śpiewów Proprium missae pro defunctis i Ordo Exsequiarum po Soborze Watykańskim II w języku polskim
No full textThe present article examines the theme of chant used during the funeral service. First, the history of the burial of the dead in the first civilizations is presented. Next, the method of burying the dead and the course of the funeral liturgy in Christianity are shown. The large part of historical description includes analysis of the music that accompanied the deceased on the last journey. Subsequently, using the method of text analysis, the author proved a deficiency of liturgical songs that would contain the message of resurrection and hope.W artykule podjęto temat śpiewu podczas nabożeństwa pogrzebowego. Najpierw przedstawiono historię pochówku zmarłych w pierwszych cywilizacjach i towarzyszącej im muzyki, a następnie ukazano schemat liturgii pogrzebu w chrześcijaństwie. Dalej, posługując się metodą analizy tekstu, autor wykazał deficyt pieśni liturgicznych, które zawierałyby treści mówiące o zmartwychwstaniu i nadziei
Kilka uwag na temat śródziemnomorskiej działalności korsarskiej i pirackiej u progu czasów nowożytnych
No full textPiracy has always been an integral part of the trade. The situation was similar in the waters of the Mediterranean Sea at the beginning of modern times, where merchants somehow turned into pirates and the state reached for the help of corsairs in order to implement their policies. Vast spaces, as well as a varied coastline, meant that piracy and corsairing became a permanent element of the reality of the time. At the end of the Middle Ages, Venice, Genoa and Aragon had the largest fleets. From the end of the 15th century, the Turks also began their adventure with the Mediterranean Sea, and within several decades their fleet became one of the most powerful. In their activities, they reached for the help of pirates, or rather Berber corsairs, who became the terror of the Mediterranean.Piracy has always been an integral part of the trade. The situation was similar in the waters of the Mediterranean Sea at the beginning of modern times, where merchants somehow turned into pirates and the state reached for the help of corsairs in order to implement their policies. Vast spaces, as well as a varied coastline, meant that piracy and corsairing became a permanent element of the reality of the time. At the end of the Middle Ages, Venice, Genoa and Aragon had the largest fleets. From the end of the 15th century, the Turks also began their adventure with the Mediterranean Sea, and within several decades their fleet became one of the most powerful. In their activities, they reached for the help of pirates, or rather Berber corsairs, who became the terror of the Mediterranean
W jaki sposób i dlaczego ks. Karol Nawa nie trafił do Panteonu Górnośląskiego? Przewartościowania ocen postaci historycznej w badaniach historycznych ostatnich czasów na przykładzie życia i działalności ks. Karola Nawy (1915–2013)
No full textThe availability of new source materials after 1989 allowed historians to reevaluate many opinions and theses and to take up a number of new research topics. One of the areas of this reevaluation was and still is the evaluation of the life and activities of numerous historical figures. On the one hand, new research makes it possible to restore the memory of the heroes of the fight for independent Poland, such as the “cursed” soldiers; on the other – to properly assess and show the “dark” side of the activities of people who have been considered a model of resistance to totalitarian rule. An example of this type of reevaluation is the figure of the clergyman of the Silesian diocese, Fr. Karol Nawa (1915–2013).The availability of new source materials after 1989 allowed historians to reevaluate many opinions and theses and to take up a number of new research topics. One of the areas of this reevaluation was and still is the evaluation of the life and activities of numerous historical figures. On the one hand, new research makes it possible to restore the memory of the heroes of the fight for independent Poland, such as the “cursed” soldiers; on the other – to properly assess and show the “dark” side of the activities of people who have been considered a model of resistance to totalitarian rule. An example of this type of reevaluation is the figure of the clergyman of the Silesian diocese, Fr. Karol Nawa (1915–2013)
Ewangeliczna działalność unickiego duchowieństwa na Kijowszczyźnie w drugiej połowie XVIII w.
No full textThe article is devoted to important issues of the evangelical activity of the Uniate Church, paying particular attention to the Uniate catechisms and their use among Uniate clergy in the lands of the Kiev region in the second half of the 18th century. Moreover, the article raises important issues concerning the education of the clergy and the religious mentality of the population of the studied areas.The article is devoted to important issues of the evangelical activity of the Uniate Church, paying particular attention to the Uniate catechisms and their use among Uniate clergy in the lands of the Kiev region in the second half of the 18th century. Moreover, the article raises important issues concerning the education of the clergy and the religious mentality of the population of the studied areas
Christ’s Real Presence in the Eucharist and Relational Ontology
No full textThis paper argues for an interpretation of the real of presence of Christ in the Eucharist using relational ontology as the basic metaphysical theory. Relational ontology, in its one form, denies the existence of intrinsic properties so that things that exists are just instantiations of particular sets of properties that receive their essence from their relation to other things. If there are good reasons to accept relational ontology, it could potentially help one to solve certain problems in transubstantiation model, without giving up the idea of real presence.This paper argues for an interpretation of the real of presence of Christ in the Eucharist using relational ontology as the basic metaphysical theory. Relational ontology, in its one form, denies the existence of intrinsic properties so that things that exists are just instantiations of particular sets of properties that receive their essence from their relation to other things. If there are good reasons to accept relational ontology, it could potentially help one to solve certain problems in transubstantiation model, without giving up the idea of real presence
Wartość osobowa konkretnego człowieka – szkic z zakresu antropologii komunikacji
No full textPersonal value of a specific person – a sketch in the field of anthropology of communication. This study aims to draw attention to the basic fact of being a human being: the fact that a human-person is unique. Man is such a rich reality that this effort to discover the truth about him, about his essence and identity, the effort to confront the concepts of old and new, is made in different ways, with different methods and for different purposes, which, however, share the common belief that at stake of these questions and answers, it is not only an abstract-speculative dispute, but the truth about man, the truth about us, which is the basis of human good and happiness. The aim of this article is to try to look at man as a concrete personal subject in his unique humanity, rooted in the objective and universal experience of the human person. We conduct our analyzes from the perspective of the anthropology of communication, which defines the framework and principles of human communication activities. Looking at man as a concrete person with his life conditions allows us to see the lights and shadows of humanity, the wealth and poverty of human living conditions, justice and injustice in social relations, the joy of life and the experience of harm, good and evil of human deeds, and above all it allows us to perceive the universal desire for happiness and love in human life. These analyzes are also an attempt to reveal and promote the principles of respect for each individual person in the name of the universal value of humanity and human dignity, which is a common, objective and indispensable constitutive feature of the human person.Wartość osobowa konkretnego człowieka – szkic z zakresu antropologii komunikacji. Niniejsze opracowanie ma na celu zwrócenie uwagi na podstawowy fakt bycia człowiekiem: na podstawową prawdę, że człowiek–osoba jest kimś jedynym i niepowtarzalnym. Człowiek jest tak bogatą rzeczywistością, że wysiłek odkrywania prawdy o nim, o jego istocie i tożsamości, konfrontacja koncepcji „starych” z „nowymi”, dokonuje się na różnych drogach, różnorodnymi metodami i w różnych celach, które łączy jednak wspólne przekonanie, że stawką tych pytań i odpowiedzi, nie jest tylko abstrakcyjno-spekulatywny spór, ale prawda o człowieku, prawda o nas, będąca podstawą ludzkiego dobra i szczęścia. Celem artykułu jest próba spojrzenia na człowieka jako na konkretny podmiot osobowy w swoim niepowtarzalnym człowieczeństwie zakorzeniony w obiektywnym i uniwersalnym doświadczeniu osoby ludzkiej. Nasze analizy prowadzimy z perspektywy antropologii komunikacji, która określa ramy i zasady komunikacyjnych działań człowieka. Spojrzenie na człowieka jako na konkretną osobę z jej uwarunkowaniami życia pozwala dostrzec blaski i cienie człowieczeństwa, bogactwo i biedę warunków życia ludzkiego, sprawiedliwość i niesprawiedliwość relacji społecznych, radość życia i doświadczenie krzywdy, dobro i zło ludzkich czynów, a nade wszystko daje możliwość dostrzeżenia powszechnego pragnienia szczęścia i miłości w życiu. Niniejsze analizy są także próbą odsłony i promocji zasad szacunku dla każdego konkretnego człowieka w imię uniwersalnej wartości człowieczeństwa i godności ludzkiej, która jest wspólną, obiektywną i niezbywalną cechą konstytutywną osoby ludzkiej
Elementy teologii mistycznej św. Bonawentury z Bagnoregio
No full textSt. Bonaventure of Bagnoregio left behind many writings of a typically ascetic and mystical character. His spiritual thought, often called the metaphysics of Christian mysticism, centers around the path that the human soul travels to meet God in beatific union. The subject of the inquiry is therefore the dynamics of the spiritual effort of man, who in his openness unites himself with God the Father through the Crucified Son in the Holy Spirit. According to Bonaventure, mysticism is not limited to extraordinary states, but is the essence of all Christian life. We owe him the organic and functional implantation of asceticism into the current of mystical life.Św. Bonawentura z Bagnoregio pozostawił po sobie wiele pism o typowo ascetyczno-mistycznym charakterze. Jego duchowa myśl – zwana często metafizyką mistyki chrześcijańskiej – koncentruje się wokół drogi, jaką pokonuje dusza ludzka, aby spotkać się z Bogiem w uszczęśliwiającym zjednoczeniu. Przedmiotem dociekań jest więc dynamika duchowego wysiłku człowieka, który w swojej otwartości jednoczy się z Bogiem Ojcem przez ukrzyżowanego Syna w Duchu Świętym. Mistyka w ujęciu Bonawentury nie ogranicza się do nadzwyczajnych stanów, lecz stanowi istotę całego życia chrześcijańskiego. To jemu zawdzięczamy organiczne i funkcjonalne wszczepienie ascezy w nurt życia mistycznego
The Process of Creating a Digital Communication Model for the Vatican
No full textIn 1978, in the Holy See, all communication took place thanks to the analogue technology of text, sound and image recording. In the following years, the progress in computer science, made it possible to save any kind of data in the form of digital recording, so that one could collect data and transfer it to any place in an instant. Digitalization also allowed the Vatican to create a new model of communication with the modern world. This model was first based on the capabilities of computer networks and then on the Internet. It was first tested by the Holy See in Latin America. The experience of the Latin American Church’s Computer Network (RIIAL) was transferred to the Vatican, and then developed and proposed by John Paul II to the entire Universal Church. This model of digital communication would not have been possible without collaborators such as John Patrick Foley, Judith Zoebelein, Joaquin Navarro-Valls and a group of lay Catholics and clergy from Latin America. It was thanks to them that the Holy See began to communicate digitally through the World Wide Web and to use e-mail in a relatively short time since their invention. The present analysis concerns the creation of a digital model of communication during the pontificate of John Paul II (1978–2005).The inclusion of social media in the communication model of the Vatican, took place during the successors of the Pope from Poland.In 1978, in the Holy See, all communication took place thanks to the analogue technology of text, sound and image recording. In the following years, the progress in computer science, made it possible to save any kind of data in the form of digital recording, so that one could collect data and transfer it to any place in an instant. Digitalization also allowed the Vatican to create a new model of communication with the modern world. This model was first based on the capabilities of computer networks and then on the Internet. It was first tested by the Holy See in Latin America. The experience of the Latin American Church’s Computer Network (RIIAL) was transferred to the Vatican, and then developed and proposed by John Paul II to the entire Universal Church. This model of digital communication would not have been possible without collaborators such as John Patrick Foley, Judith Zoebelein, Joaquin Navarro-Valls and a group of lay Catholics and clergy from Latin America. It was thanks to them that the Holy See began to communicate digitally through the World Wide Web and to use e-mail in a relatively short time since their invention. The present analysis concerns the creation of a digital model of communication during the pontificate of John Paul II (1978–2005).The inclusion of social media in the communication model of the Vatican, took place during the successors of the Pope from Poland