Traektoria Nauki
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Left in the Dark: Spatial Analysis of Energy Access For Social Services in Nigeria
Full text linkThe forced interconnectivity to modern energy systems has been a problem in Nigeria, particularly in rural and underserved areas, where a lack of access to electricity hinders development outcomes. This paper presents a spatial, data-based investigation using the Energy Access Explorer (EAE) platform to identify high-priority regions requiring decentralised energy action. The study ensures that Local Government Areas (LGAs) are evaluated and ranked based on their need and feasibility for off-grid energy solutions using a multi-criteria decision framework that considers grid proximity and incorporates existing solar potential. It analyses Fune in Yobe State and Ardo Kola in Taraba State. The researchers identified Taraba State as an ideal intervention area because it combines low electrification levels, high poverty rates, and the presence of unelectrified clinics and schools. On the contrary, Cross River State, specifically Odukpani, was not considered a priority due to its relatively better wealth parameters and improved access to infrastructure. The findings highlight the effectiveness of joined-up spatial devices in creating fair, evidence-based energy planning. The paper has a role to play in the existing academic literature on sustainable energy use. It has provided practical recommendations for the realisation of Sustainable Development Goal 7 in Nigeria and similar contexts
Dialectological research in Norway
Full text linkSince dialects have not been in the focus of linguists for a long time, systematic research in this field dates back only to the 19th century. Dialectology as a scientific field began to develop in the 1920s, following the German writer Jacob Grimm's justification of the need for a historical approach to language. At that time, the renowned dialectologist Johann Andreas Schmeller also published several dialectological works. Thus, historical dialectology studies the dialects existing in a specific area, their linguistic features, and is referred to as regional dialectology, dialect geography, or traditional dialectology. However, modern dialectological research is primarily focused on studying each dialect and individual language separately. Additionally, dialects have been studied in comparison with other dialects or in relation to literary language and specific historical contexts. Modern dialectology encompasses various linguistic methods and approaches that present language differences through the analysis of corpus data and the application of modern technologies in linguistics.Furthermore, the historical factors of the period influence dialectological studies, determining their characteristics. Research conducted in the field of Norwegian dialectology is no exception in this regard. Thus, it is reasonable to consider the main historical periods that have influenced the Norwegian language as the Middle Ages (VIII-XIV), the period of National Romanticism (1830-1867), and the period of independence (1905-). It was during these periods that the Norwegian language and dialects were formed, developed and preserved
A Study on the Screening for Lactic Acid Bacteria from Fura Da Nono with Antibacterial and Bio Preservative Properties
Full text linkThe study explores the isolation and screening of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from the traditional Nigerian fermented beverage fura da nono with a focus on their antibacterial and biopreservative properties. A total of fifty LAB strains were isolated using selective MRS agar, and presumptive identification was achieved via phenotypic characterisation. Four isolates displaying prominent antibacterial activity were further identified through 16S rRNA gene sequencing, revealing Lactobacillus plantarum FJ390111, Lactobacillus casei CP14326, and Enterococcus lactis NR117562, with an additional isolate, Lysinibacillus fusiformis, identified as an environmental contaminant. Crude bacteriocin extracts, obtained via ammonium sulfate precipitation and dialysis, were evaluated against foodborne pathogens, including Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, and Escherichia coli using agar diffusion assays. The LAB bacteriocins demonstrated optimal inhibitory activity at pH 6 and 35 °C, whereas significant declines in activity were noted at temperatures above 40 °C and during extended storage (96 hours at 37 °C). Graphical data and tables confirm that the bacteriocin extracts produced zones of inhibition ranging from approximately 11 to 15 mm under optimal conditions, with Enterococcus lactis showing particularly moderate to high activity. These results underscore the potential application of LAB-derived bacteriocins as natural bio-preservatives in the food industry. However, the heat sensitivity and degradation over time highlight the need for further formulation improvements. The study concludes that with enhanced stabilisation and rigorous quality control, bacteriocins from traditional LAB can serve as effective alternatives to chemical preservatives in ensuring food safety and extending product shelf life
Harnessing AI Tools in Teaching English: Innovations and Implications
Full text linkThe advent of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in education has promoted transformative opportunities in language learning. This article explores the integration of AI tools in teaching English as a Second Language (ESL) and English as a Foreign Language (EFL). It focuses on their potential to enhance language acquisition, personalise learning experiences, and address challenges in traditional pedagogical methods. It also evaluates the implications of AI for educators and learners, emphasising ethical considerations and the need for a balanced approach. In this case, the main purpose of using AI in teaching is to support students in the learning process and ensure productivity in language mastery
Optimised Design and Structural Simulation of a Quad Cycle Chassis Using Finite Element Methods
Full text linkAutomotive chassis is the most essential part of an automobile. The chassis serves as a framework for supporting the body and different parts of the quad cycle, so it should be rigid enough to withstand the shock, twist, vibration and other stresses. Manufacturers consider many criteria when designing a chassis structure, including their requirements for its characteristics and established engineering design principles. As a result, strength and stiffness are two essential criteria for the design of the quad-cycle chassis. Also, the weight of the chassis is a critical consideration for chassis design due to its direct relationship with the amount of fuel consumption and the emissions rates emitted to the surrounding atmosphere. This project analyses the structural design of a specific vehicle chassis by using the theory of finite element method (FEM), which is performed by simulating the chassis model into frontal car crash tests using the ANSYS Workbench program. This project aims to achieve analytical results by recommending the following chassis design criteria. The structure's cross-bridges significantly mitigate the collision's effect on the rest of the vehicle's body. The objective of this project is to design and analyse quad-cycle chassis; this will avoid any possibility of structure failure and thus provide enough supporting members to strengthen the region in terms of deformation. Finite element analysis enables the predict the area that tends to fail due to loading. Besides that, there is a need to utilise the feature of CAE software named FEMPRO to get the distribution of stress and strain on the chassis, as well as both component and material costing. The main objective is to study the effect of load on driver weight, the car body and the equipment
The Influence of Project-Based Learning (PjBL) on Students' Skills and Creativity in Drawing Network Installation Layouts at PTI UNDIKMA, Indonesia
Full text linkThis study aims to explore the influence of Project-Based Learning (PjBL) on the material of drawing network installation layouts in the PTI Study Program at Mandalika University of Education (UNDIKMA). The research method employed was a one-group pretest-posttest design. The research subjects consisted of 30 PTI students. Data analysis techniques included descriptive data analysis for mean measurement and inferential statistics for testing the significance of the t-test values. The pretest scores for skills and creativity before using PjBL-based Learning were 45.33 and 43, respectively. Post-test scores for skills and creativity after using PjBL-based Learning in drawing network installation layouts were 85 and 85.83, respectively. The difference between pretest and post-test scores, referred to as the gain scores, for skills and creativity were 39 and 41, respectively, with N-gain indices of 0.7, categorised as high. Hypothesis testing using a paired sample t-test for skills and creativity resulted in a two-tailed t-value of 0.000, which is smaller than the alpha value of 0.05, indicating that Ha is accepted. This shows that Project-Based Learning (PjBL) can enhance students' skills and creativity in drawing layouts for the network installation course
The Role of Green Product Trust in Mediating the Influence of Eco-Branding and Brand Uniqueness on Green Purchase Intention in KALIMBO Bag Products
Full text linkThis study aims to determine the role of green product trust in mediating the influence of eco-branding and brand uniqueness on green purchase intention. This study uses a quantitative approach with 150 respondents. The analysis tool uses SEM-PLS with the SmartPLS 4.0 application. The results of this study show that eco-branding has an insignificant direct influence on green purchase intention but has a significant influence when mediated by green product trust. Meanwhile, brand uniqueness significantly influences green purchase intention both directly and when mediated by green product trust. These findings prove the importance of creating trust in green products
Phytodegradation Potential Of Tiger Nut (Cyperus Esculentus) In Remediating Petroleum Hydrocarbon Contaminated Soi
Full text linkConventional (Physical and chemical) treatment methods for remediating petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated soils present some limitations. Phytodegradation is an effective treatment in terms of efficacy, cost-effectiveness, environmental friendliness in long-term use, and simplicity of administration. This research aimed to study the effectiveness of Tiger Nut (Cyperus Esculentus) in the remediation of soil contaminated by Total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH). The result revealed irregular variations in the level of the physiochemical properties of the soil before, during and after the experiment. The result also revealed that all the planted seeds in the different concentrations or treatments of the TPH (including control) germinated with the exception (50% germination) in the soil treated with 25 g and 35 g of the TPH. Generally, there is a decrease in the plant's height, and the mass or concentration of the TPH increases relatively. The highest plant heights are observed in the control on the 80th day. Also, there is an increase in the height of all the plants every 10 days. There is a decrease in the values of TPH for all samples considered after the phytodegradation. The relative potential or efficiency (parentage reduction) of the grasses remediating the TPH-contaminated soils with the different concentrations of the Petroleum Hydrocarbon is in the order 5g> 15g> 25g>35g. The phytodegradation of the TPH-contaminated soil using tiger nut is higher when amended (with an average of 35% percentage reduction) with the cow dung than the unamended (with an average of 4% percentage reduction). It is therefore concluded that the Tiger Nut (with an overall 20% percentage reduction) has a low potential for the degradation of TPH-contaminated soil
Azerbaijani Ethnonyms In Ancient Greek Sources
Full text linkEthnonyms are one of the main and active branches of the toponymic layer of Azerbaijan. Ancient Greek sources are valuable for studying the ancient Azerbaijani ethnonyms and the names of historically existing tribes and generations. The study of ethnonyms in this direction shows that ethnonyms trace their origins to times earlier than those of other word groups. The names of some of the Turkic tribes that actively participated in the genealogy of Azerbaijani Turks have been preserved in the toponyms of the territory. Many ethnos that retain their names in toponyms are mentioned in the works of ancient Greek authors and have been exposed to phonetical and grammatical change
A Critical Cybersecurity Analysis and Future Research Directions for the Internet of Things: A Comprehensive Review
Full text linkThe Internet of Things (IoT) introduces critical cybersecurity challenges due to weak authentication, insecure communication, and device vulnerabilities, making IoT systems prime targets for attacks like botnets, data breaches, and ransomware. This comprehensive review analyses current threats, security gaps, and emerging risks (e.g., AI-driven attacks and quantum threats). We evaluate existing defences such as encryption, intrusion detection, and access control and identify key limitations, including scalability issues and lack of real-time adaptability. By synthesising attack trends, defence mechanisms, and unresolved challenges, this paper provides a roadmap for resilient IoT security, guiding researchers and practitioners toward proactive, scalable solutions