Traektoria Nauki
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Factors That Influence the Occurrence of Wasting in Toddlers
Get PDFThe general objective of this study was to identify and analyze the factors that influence wasting in toddlers at the Health Center. The research design used in this study was quantitative and qualitative with a cross-sectional approach. These approaches are carried out to answer research questions that cannot be fully answered with just one approach. Based on the study's results, there was no relationship between family income and the incidence of wasting in toddlers, as indicated by the results of the chi-square test analysis, p = 0.230 > 0.05 with a prevalence rate of 1.296 (95% CI) with a 1.29 chance. The chi-square test obtained p = 0.230 > 0.05 with a prevalence rate of 1.296 (95% CI), meaning there is no relationship between family income and wasting in toddlers, but families with income < Rp. 2,246,725 has a 1.29 times chance of having underweight toddlers compared to families with income ≥ Rp. 2,246,725. Based on the results of the study, there was no relationship between mother's knowledge and the incidence of wasting in toddlers, as indicated by the results of the chi-square test analysis obtained a p-value of 0.001 <0.05 with a prevalence rate of 0.655 (95% CI) which means that there is a relationship between mother's knowledge and wasting in toddlers. Still, mothers with poor knowledge have a 0.655 times chance of having a thin baby compared to mothers with good knowledge
The Urgency of Protection for Women Workers Against Sexual Violence in the Company Environment
Get PDFThis paper examines the inclusion of verbally displaying sexual acts (commonly known as catcalling) within the framework of criminal law in Indonesia. It also analyzes the legal protections afforded to victims of such actions under Law No 12 of 2022 concerning Crimes of Sexual Violence (TPKS Law). Verbal sexual concealment, or catcalling, involves the non-physical expression of sexual acts directed at an individual's body, sexual desires, and/or reproductive organs. This undermines the person's dignity based on their sexuality and/or modesty. Under the TPKS Law, victims of verbal sexual harassment, or catcalling, are granted specific legal protections. These include the right to be shielded from acts of violence and the right to be free from any treatment that undermines their dignity. These protective measures encompass the fulfilment of ownership and the provision of assistance to ensure the victims' sense of security. The LPSK or other relevant institutions are responsible for carrying out these protective measures by the requirements outlined in the law
Structural-Grammatical Characteristics of "Frıend" and "Enemy" Conceptual Expressions
Get PDFVarious concepts are verbalized and reflected in language units. These language units exist in different structures. Ideas are mainly realized in the form of fixed expressions. Fixed expressions, in turn, possess other structures. In this linguistic landscape of the world, selected words have their unique and distinct place.The concepts of "friend" and "enemy", while fundamentally within the domain of cognitive linguistics, are primarily linguistic units. Several linguistic teams converge around a particular sign. Their similarity to each other unites them within a paradigmatic framework. Characters with single paradigms enter into associative relations with each other. There exist universal paradigms in language, the universality of which does not depend on individual specific languages and their specific characteristics. The concepts of "friend" and "enemy" are included in these universal paradigms, which are present in all languages.Paradigmatic and syntagmatic relations create a system. This situation is based on the logic of natural processes. For instance, one of the factors that led to the development of the language system is the constant and reciprocal manifestation of two opposing approaches, two regularities. The first of such images are concepts that form opposite poles. Several aspects can be distinguished within linguistics's foreign and local cognitive direction framework
Indoor/Outdoor Concentration of Pollutants Around Major Roundabouts in Ilorin Metropolis, Nigeria
Get PDFThe escalation of daily human activities has led to a surge in gaseous pollutants and particulates, with indoor environments often exhibiting higher pollutant levels than outdoor air. This study delves into the intricate relationship between outdoor pollutants and indoor settings near traffic intersections within the Ilorin metropolis. The research focuses on six strategically chosen locations with intensified vehicular and human interactions. Data on particulate concentration were collected at various time intervals.The Met One Aerocet 531s apparatus assessed indoor and outdoor particulate matter concentrations. Additionally, the Crowcon Gas Pro, a versatile multi-gas measurement equipment, facilitated the quantification of gaseous pollutants, including Oxygen, Carbon monoxide, Carbon dioxide, Hydrogen sulfide, and Methane. The assessment of other gaseous pollutants, such as NO, NO2, and NH3, was conducted using the ToxiRAE II apparatus, which offers diverse measurement capabilities. The Kestrel weather tracker contributed to the study by furnishing microclimatic parameters. All measurement instruments were strategically positioned at approximately 1.5 meters above ground level.Vehicular density variation emerged as a pivotal criterion in the evaluation process. Findings revealed elevated outdoor PM10 concentrations during rush hours at the roundabouts, indicating heightened pollutant emissions during peak traffic times. Conversely, intriguingly elevated indoor PM10 concentrations were observed within specific indoor environments during non-rush hour periods. This phenomenon potentially results from the interplay of meteorological fluctuations and indoor activities, underscoring the complexity of pollutant dispersion dynamics.Indoor-to-outdoor concentration ratios emerged as a significant metric, consistently exceeding unity across diverse sites. This observation substantiates the presence of indoor-based pollutant sources, necessitating vigilant monitoring and effective mitigation strategies to mitigate potential health risks for indoor occupants.This research contributes vital insights into the intricate domain of air quality assessment, offering nuanced perspectives on pollutant distribution dynamics, indoor exposure scenarios, and ensuing health implications. By addressing the complex nexus between outdoor and indoor environments, this study emphasizes the imperative of adopting comprehensive strategies to curtail pollutant emissions at their source, foster sustainable urban planning, and enhance the quality of indoor environments. The outcomes resonate with broader endeavours to address the far-reaching consequences of air pollution on both ecological equilibrium and human well-being
The Influence of Product Knowledge and Word of Mouth on Non-Muslim Customers' Purchasing Decisions
Get PDFThe development of sharia pawnshops from year to year has become a benchmark for the success of the sharia economy in Indonesia. This research examines the influence of product knowledge and word of mouth on non-Muslim customers' purchasing decisions, with trust as a mediating variable. The method used in this research is quantitative with a causal approach. The data tested in this research came from responses to the questionnaire distributed, namely 101 respondents. The results show that product knowledge and word of mouth positively and significantly affect trust and purchasing decisions. It was also found that trust had a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions and that trust had a positive and significant impact on mediating the relationship between product knowledge and word of mouth on buying decisions of non-Muslim customers
Natural Science Mini-Project Practicum: Alternative Solutions in Improving Science Process Skills
Get PDF21st-century learning requires the ability to communicate, think critically, think and act creatively, and collaborate. One of the efforts recommended by experts to achieve this is through science practicum activities and project learning. Combining science practicum activities and project learning produces a mini-project practicum model. The science practicum mini-project model that uses, performs, and utilises naturally is expected to improve students' science process skills. This literature review aims to describe in more detail related to science practicum, natural mini projects and science process skills. This article is reviewed through analysis and synthesis of articles originating from reputable journal articles, such as Scopus and Sinta. The results of this study recommend an alternative model of the mini-project science practicum as a solution to improve science process skills
Historical Background and Sociology of English as Lingua Franca in Azerbaijan
Get PDFThe article researches the history and sociological substantiation of ELF (English as Lingua Franca) in Azerbaijan. The author indicates the unique historical role of mercantile activities in extending the borders of EFL. It is also stated that the English language would be on a narrow scale long before ELF was used in Azerbaijan. The paper argues that scientific and linguistic literature supports the idea that English as a Foreign Language (EFL) served as an extension for ELF usage. At the same time, some linguists make a controversial statement that the reason English is spreading around the world at the moment is because of its utility as a lingua franca.It also analyses the distinct stages of ELF use in Azerbaijan and illustrates the historical facts necessitating the vast in-country spread and usage of ELF. Following the in-depth analyses of ELF, the paper makes some new remarks: 1) There are at least two varieties of English and simplified (we may call it mere or simple English); 2) Global English existed long before English existed; 3) Until people speak English to their kids, it is usually called ELF; 4) ELF is more extensive; 5) Simple English is more intensive by its nature, and so on.The author argues that the content and concept of ELF's usage is more significant than the concept of simple or mere English usage because the former assumes much-embracing features rather than the "simple English choice". That means, unlike English, ELF has the following specific qualities: 1) It is not spontaneous but strictly purposeful and pragmatic (but are these not for the sake of any foreign language use); 2) It emerges and develops in close connection with "communication needs"; 3) It includes further behaviour of communicators, whether to use or abandon it; 4) It has a distinct cause-and-effect chain in the socio-political and economic situation in the areas of its usage; 5) It does not come from family nurture and instructions but is taken for the needs of its urgency; 6) Side forces (external, socio-political) can strengthen its usage and extension. However, its "impetus" is always needs-based; 7) ELF is more practical rather than English instructional; 8) English is a transitory stage in its transference into ELF when it assumes a global character; 9) ELF serves as a source of enrichment of English vocabulary, at least by its international varieties, dialects, and terminological usages; 10) English and EFL are ontologically interrelated, though different in formalities and designation.Another essential feature of the article is ELF's study on the sociological level in Azerbaijan by conducting the respondents of the different musts. While analysing the experiment results, it became clear that 40 % of people aged 25-35 in Azerbaijan prefer EFL in education and science, which is less than twice for the community aged 35-45. On the contrary, 43 % of 35-45-year-old community members preferred ELF in business and management. It proves that apart from the language peculiarities, its extracurricular features also play a leading role in determining the choice of ELF. The article's findings are new to the specialities in the relevant fields
Державна охорона в Україні у системі національної безпеки: наука та її досягнення
Get PDFToday, among the military, combatants, scientists and lawyers, there is no doubt or discussion that in the conditions of the war of russia (the aggressor state, the terrorist state and the state sponsor of terrorism) against Ukraine and the Ukrainian people, in addition to military weapons, there is another no less powerful and important force —science and its achievements in the sector of (ensuring) security and defence, including in the field of state protection. Available scientific works, including dissertations containing a deep assessment of previous research and the development of science and its achievements in the field of state protection, are of special importance for ensuring the national security of Ukraine. Based on this, the purpose of the article is to analyze the defended dissertations in Ukraine in the speciality 12.00.07 "Administrative Law and Process; Financial Law; Information Law", to study the achievements of legal science that directly relate to state protection in the context of ensuring national security, taking into account the concept, features and legal basis of state protection in Ukraine. The results of the study found that further study is required by the subjects of national security and the sphere of state protection of Ukraine, as well as the directions of development and improvement of the functioning of state protection in Ukraine in the national security system, taking into account the experience gained during the criminal russian-Ukrainian war. In particular, this concerns the aspects of improving the administrative and legal principles of ensuring and legal regulation of state protection in Ukraine in the system of state administration, the anti-terrorist system of Ukraine, the national system of protection of critical infrastructure, as well as in the nationwide system of national resistance, in the context of ensuring national security and defence of Ukraine. In this context, taking into account the recommendations of the employees of the Department of the State Protection (UDO) of Ukraine, the development of the design of a safe environment for senior state officials, in particular the architectural approach, as a component of modern security policy and one of the key factors in ensuring national security, is of great and special importance. This approach should combine technical, architectural, urban planning, organizational and legal solutions, and aspects of a military nature. In the future, it is recommended to clarify the provisions of the Law of Ukraine "On State Protection of State Authorities of Ukraine and Officials" in a scientific and practical commentary on this Law. This will ensure a clear interpretation of its norms in practice, which, in turn, taking into account the above aspects, to a certain extent, can positively affect both the improvement of legislation (based on sound recommendations) and the effectiveness of state protection, contributing to the strengthening of national security.Сьогодні серед військових, учасників бойових дій, науковців і правників немає жодних сумнівів чи дискусій у тому, що в умовах війни росії (держави-агресора, держави-терориста та держави-спонсора тероризму) проти України й Українського народу, окрім військової зброї, існує ще одна не менш потужна й важлива сила —наука та її досягнення у секторі (забезпеченні) безпеки й оборони, зокрема у сфері державної охорони. Наявні наукові роботи, включаючи дисертації, що містять глибоку оцінку попередніх досліджень, а також розвиток науки та її досягнення у сфері державної охорони, мають важливе й особливе значення для забезпечення національної безпеки України. Виходячи з цього, метою статті є аналіз захищених дисертацій в Україні зі спеціальності 12.00.07 «Адміністративне право і процес; фінансове право; інформаційне право», дослідження досягнень юридичної науки, що безпосередньо стосуються державної охорони в контексті забезпечення національної безпеки, з урахуванням поняття, особливостей та правової основи державної охорони в Україні. За результатами дослідження встановлено, що подальшого вивчення потребують суб’єкти національної безпеки та сфера державної охорони України, а також напрями розвитку й удосконалення функціонування державної охорони в Україні у системі національної безпеки, з урахуванням досвіду, здобутого під час злочинної російсько-української війни. Зокрема, це стосується аспектів удосконалення адміністративно-правових засад забезпечення й правового регулювання державної охорони в Україні в системі державного управління, антитерористичній системі України, національній системі захисту критичної інфраструктури, а також у загальнодержавній системі національного спротиву, в контексті забезпечення національної безпеки та захисту України. У цьому контексті, враховуючи рекомендації співробітників Управління державної охорони (УДО) України, важливе й особливе значення має розвиток дизайну безпечного середовища для вищих посадових осіб держави, зокрема архітектурний підхід, як складової сучасної безпекової політики і одного з ключових чинників забезпечення національної безпеки. Цей підхід повинен поєднувати технічні, архітектурні, містобудівні, організаційні й юридичні рішення, а також аспекти воєнного характеру. У перспективі рекомендується роз’яснити положення Закону України «Про державну охорону органів державної влади України та посадових осіб» у науково-практичному коментарі до цього Закону. Це забезпечить чітке тлумачення його норм на практиці, що, у свою чергу, враховуючи вищезазначені аспекти, певною мірою, може позитивно вплинути як на вдосконалення законодавства (на основі обґрунтованих рекомендацій), так і на ефективність здійснення державної охорони, сприяючи зміцненню національної безпеки.Сьогодні серед військових, учасників бойових дій, науковців і правників немає жодних сумнівів чи дискусій у тому, що в умовах війни росії (держави-агресора, держави-терориста та держави-спонсора тероризму) проти України й Українського народу, окрім військової зброї, існує ще одна не менш потужна й важлива сила —наука та її досягнення у секторі (забезпеченні) безпеки й оборони, зокрема у сфері державної охорони. Наявні наукові роботи, включаючи дисертації, що містять глибоку оцінку попередніх досліджень, а також розвиток науки та її досягнення у сфері державної охорони, мають важливе й особливе значення для забезпечення національної безпеки України. Виходячи з цього, метою статті є аналіз захищених дисертацій в Україні зі спеціальності 12.00.07 «Адміністративне право і процес; фінансове право; інформаційне право», дослідження досягнень юридичної науки, що безпосередньо стосуються державної охорони в контексті забезпечення національної безпеки, з урахуванням поняття, особливостей та правової основи державної охорони в Україні. За результатами дослідження встановлено, що подальшого вивчення потребують суб’єкти національної безпеки та сфера державної охорони України, а також напрями розвитку й удосконалення функціонування державної охорони в Україні у системі національної безпеки, з урахуванням досвіду, здобутого під час злочинної російсько-української війни. Зокрема, це стосується аспектів удосконалення адміністративно-правових засад забезпечення й правового регулювання державної охорони в Україні в системі державного управління, антитерористичній системі України, національній системі захисту критичної інфраструктури, а також у загальнодержавній системі національного спротиву, в контексті забезпечення національної безпеки та захисту України. У цьому контексті, враховуючи рекомендації співробітників Управління державної охорони (УДО) України, важливе й особливе значення має розвиток дизайну безпечного середовища для вищих посадових осіб держави, зокрема архітектурний підхід, як складової сучасної безпекової політики і одного з ключових чинників забезпечення національної безпеки. Цей підхід повинен поєднувати технічні, архітектурні, містобудівні, організаційні й юридичні рішення, а також аспекти воєнного характеру. У перспективі рекомендується роз’яснити положення Закону України «Про державну охорону органів державної влади України та посадових осіб» у науково-практичному коментарі до цього Закону. Це забезпечить чітке тлумачення його норм на практиці, що, у свою чергу, враховуючи вищезазначені аспекти, певною мірою, може позитивно вплинути як на вдосконалення законодавства (на основі обґрунтованих рекомендацій), так і на ефективність здійснення державної охорони, сприяючи зміцненню національної безпеки
Management of Providing Scholarships by the Human Resources Development Agency for Educators in Aceh Province, Indonesia
Get PDFManagement of scholarships can be interpreted as everything related to the management of the planning process to the follow-up of scholarships to achieve the goals that have been set, both short, medium and long-term goals. This study aims to determine the management of scholarships by the Human Resources Development Agency for teaching staff in Aceh Province. The method used is a descriptive analysis method with a qualitative approach - data collection techniques through observation, interviews and documentation. The research subjects were the Head of Human Resources Development and Cooperation of the Human Resources Development Agency, Sub-Coordinator for Cooperation Planning and Alumni Utilization, Sub-Coordinator for Apparatus Resource Development, Assistant for Technical Implementation of Activities, Scholarship Management Analyst, and Scholarship Committee. The research results show that: 1) Planning for scholarships for teaching staff is designed based on suggestions from the district/city government, and then a meeting is held to determine a work plan. Scholarships will be opened in various categories if the special autonomy funds are sufficient. 2) The implementation of the scholarship begins with the mechanism for registration, selection, and disbursement of funds which the committee carries out according to the existing formalities. 3) Evaluation is carried out both online and offline. As for online via the WhatsApp Group and offline, it is carried out by monitoring a team of experts from the Human Resources Development Agency to the intended university. 4) Human Resources Development Agency follow-up on scholarship recipients for educators, namely by increasing competence so that they can serve to improve the quality of education in Aceh Province. 5) Obstacles during the scholarship process are community issues regarding the closed selection of scholarships, difficulties in collecting data as needed, and information circulating in the community about scholarship regulations. The solution taken by Human Resources Development Agency in responding to this obstacle is to increase publications and routinely remind recipients to provide data on time
Principal Leadership in the Era of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 at SD Negeri 1 Beureunun and Islamic Private Elementary Schools in Pidie Regency, Indonesia
Get PDFTop management is one of the factors that influence teacher performance in learning. This research aims to determine school principals' programs, strategies, supervision, and constraints in improving teacher performance in the era of the industrial revolution 4.0. This research is a case study research with a qualitative approach. The subjects of this study were school principals, deputy heads of curriculum, teachers, supervisors and school development teams. The research results are: 1) The program carried out is: formulating the program, compiling the School Development Team (TPS), schedule of activities, program e-learning, and technology-based training programs according to 21st-century learning that TPS has prepared. 2) The strategy is carried out by dividing tasks according to the duties and functions of the TPS, involving teachers in IT-based training and having the ability Communication, Collaborative, Critical Thinking, and Creativity (4C) in 21st-century learning. 3) Supervision is carried out by the principal, namely carrying out the supervision process directly or through recording Close Circuit Television (CCTV), which evaluates the achievement of program goals and targets. 4) Obstacles include that the principal has not been able to accommodate all of the teacher's needs in the use of technology, and teachers' ability in the technology field still needs to be improved