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Navigating the future: Strategies for the long-term governance of socio-technical change
Full text linkLong-term governance (LTG) addresses complex, enduring socio-technical challenges such as climate change and nuclear waste management. It requires framework conditions that go beyond short-term political cycles and promote a culture of foresight and collective stewardship. In an analytical framework developed for LTG, four key elements are identified: reflexivity, anticipation, adaptation, and deliberation. Contributions to this Special topic provide insights into LTG approaches in different contexts, highlighting participatory mechanisms for democratic accountability and ethical decision making. The articles explore the complexity of LTG and the tension between long-term objectives and immediate political pressures, thus contributing to the advancement of LTG theory and knowledge base.Long-Term-Governance (LTG) befasst sich mit komplexen, dauerhaften soziotechnischen Herausforderungen wie dem Klimawandel und der nuklearen Entsorgung. Sie erfordert Rahmenbedingungen, die über kurzfristige Politikzyklen hinausgehen und eine Kultur der Vorausschau und kollektiven Verantwortung fördern. In einem für LTG entwickelten Analyserahmen werden vier zentrale Elemente identifiziert: Reflexivität, Antizipation, Anpassung und Deliberation. Die Beiträge zu diesem Special topic geben Einblicke in LTG-Ansätze in verschiedenen Kontexten und beleuchten partizipative Mechanismen für demokratische Verantwortlichkeit und ethische Entscheidungsfindung. Die Artikel untersuchen die Vielschichtigkeit von LTG und das Spannungsverhältnis zwischen langfristigen Zielen und akuten politischen Anforderungen und tragen so zur Weiterentwicklung der LTG-Theorie und -Fallstudienbasis bei
Neuronal optogenetics as a new topic of technology assessment?
Full text linkThis article is intended as a sketchy reflection on the question of the extent to which neuronal optogenetics could become a future topic of technology assessment (TA). To this end, we must first take a closer look at what technologies should be the subject of TA and what tasks can be ascribed to TA. In addition, an exemplary and also sketchy examination is made of whether TA on genetic engineering has already dealt with questions that arise in connection with genetic interventions in neuronal optogenetics. In this way, it can be determined whether neuronal optogenetics raises new questions for TA or requires new answers from it. The results suggest that a TA of neuronal optogenetics is needed.Dieser Artikel versteht sich als skizzenhafte Reflexion über die Frage, inwieweit neuronale Optogenetik ein künftiges Thema der Technikfolgenabschätzung (TA) werden könnte. Dazu muss zunächst genauer darauf eingegangen werden, welche Technologien Gegenstand der TA sein sollten und welche Aufgaben einer TA zugeschrieben werden können. Zudem wird exemplarisch und ebenfalls skizzenhaft betrachtet, ob die TA zur Gentechnik sich bereits mit Fragen befasst hat, die sich im Zusammenhang mit genetischen Eingriffen in der neuronalen Optogenetik stellen. Auf diese Weise kann ermittelt werden, ob die neuronale Optogenetik neue Fragen für die TA aufwirft bzw. neue Antworten von ihr erfordert. Das Ergebnis legt nahe, dass es einer TA der neuronalen Optogenetik bedarf
Reaktion auf die neue Weltordnung: Voraussetzungen und Hindernisse europäischer Solidarität
Full text linkThe Cyclic Diversionary Tactic: How Pakistan's Internal Crises Fuel Terror Attacks on India
Full text linkFor decades, Pakistan's military-ISI alliance has masterminded terrorist attacks on India, a calculated gambit to quell domestic unrest while cementing its iron grip on power - but at what cost to its own people? By stoking the flames of the India-Pakistan rivalry and wielding the potent symbolism of Kashmir, this shadowy nexus deftly shifts the spotlight from its own failures: political turmoil, economic collapse, and raging insurgencies in Balochistan and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK). The strategy is clear - sacrifice the welfare of ordinary Pakistanis to fuel nationalist zeal and funnel resources to military dominance, with little regard for the public's plight. Take the 2008 Mumbai attacks, which diverted attention from the military's faltering operations in FATA, where civilian displacement and deaths sparked outrage, to the India border, leaving KPK communities mired in chaos. Or consider the 2019 Pulwama attack, which eclipsed the crushing inflation and IMF bailout woes under Imran Khan's government, offering no respite to a population sinking deeper into poverty as the military fixated on Kashmir. The 2025 Pahalgam attack, set against skyrocketing inflation and protests over Khan's arrest, lays bare this pattern of exploiting India as a distraction to dodge domestic accountability. Yet, as Pakistanis grapple with unrelenting economic and security woes, one question looms: how long can the military-ISI alliance sustain this perilous game, prioritizing power over progress
Analysis of Dominant Physical Abilities and Achievements of Athletic Athletes Pon Aceh in 2024
Full text linkPengprov PASI Aceh is one of the places that fosters athletes in Aceh. Aceh PASI provided athletes with a training ground at the Harapan Bangsa Stadium in Banda Aceh city. The achievements are still very lacking, as seen from the results of several championships, including the National Championship and regional offices. Aceh athletics, particularly in the 400m hurdles, high jump, and long jump, did not meet the PON qualification limit, so they cannot participate in the biggest event, such as PON in Papua, at the end of November 2021. This is due to one of them having a poor physical condition. This study aims to determine the level of dominant physical abilities and achievements in the 400 m hurdles, long jump, and high jump events among PON Aceh athletes in 2024. This study employs a type of evaluation research with a quantitative approach, utilising descriptive research methods. The population in this study consisted of all athletes participating in the 400 m hurdles, long jump, and high jump events at the 2024 PON Aceh Athletics event, totalling seven individuals. The sampling technique employed in this study was a purposive sampling method involving the selection of 7 participants. Data collection using tests and measurements of athletic dominant physical components and achievements. Data analysis using statistical analysis of average and percentage. This study obtained the results 1) The ability of the dominant physical condition of high jump number athletes is in the good category with the achievement of jumping achievements for Sample N1 reaching a jump height of 190 cm, for N2 reaching a jump height of 195 cm, and for N3 reaching a jump height of 165 cm, 2) The ability of the dominant physical condition of athletes in the long jump number is in the good category with achievement achievements for sample N1 reaching a jump of 6.81 m and for sample N2 reaching a jump of 5.20 m, and 3) The ability of the dominant physical condition of athletes in the 400 m hurdles is in a good category with achievement achievements for sample N1 reaching the achievement time of 52.91 seconds and for sample N2 reaching the time of 65.21 seconds
Navigating neutrality: How to find the best match between NATO and its four remaining neutral Western European Partners (WEP4)?
Full text link"Is small still beautiful?" (Gebhard, 2013). Ist die NATO noch an den verbleibenden vier neutralen Ländern in Europa (Österreich, Irland, Malta und die Schweiz) interessiert? Können diese WEP4 von der Rückkehr der NATO nach Europa nach der russischen Invasion in der Ukraine profitieren? Könnte umgekehrt der "Kriegs"-Ansatz des Bündnisses mit seinem starken Fokus auf Verteidigung und Abschreckung die Gefahr bergen, dass sie an den Rand gedrängt werden und "die Grenzen der Partnerschaft zur Abschreckung" (Aronsson & Swaney, 2022, 5) deutlich werden? Unter dem Eindruck der aktuellen geopolitischen Krise und der sich rasch verändernden Bündniskonstellationen zielt dieses Papier darauf ab, die derzeitige Partnerschaft zwischen der NATO und den WEP4 zu bewerten und einen Rahmen für ihre Neudefinition im Lichte des neuen Sicherheitskontextes in Europa zu schaffen. Vor dem Hintergrund des Trump.2-Nachschocks, der aktuellen Turbulenzen in den neuen transatlantischen Beziehungen und der existenziellen Krise der NATO auf dem Weg zu ihrem Gipfeltreffen in Den Haag im Juni 2025 versucht dieses Papier, die Frage der WEP4 vom "Elefanten im Raum" zu trennen und sie als eigenständige Herausforderung zu behandeln."Is small still beautiful?" (Gebhard, 2013). Is NATO still interested in the remaining four neutral countries in Europe (Austria, Ireland, Malta and Switzerland)? Can these WEP4 benefit from the Alliance's 'return to Europe' in the aftermath of the Russian invasion of Ukraine? On the opposite, might the Alliance's 'war' approach, with high focus on defence and deterrence, risk marginalizing them and evidencing "the limits of partnership for deterrence" (Aronsson & Swaney, 2022, 5)? Using the opportunity of the current geopolitical crisis as well as rapidly shifting alliance constellations, this paper aims to assess the current partnership between NATO and the WEP4 and to provide with a framework for its redefinition in light of the new security context in Europe. While keeping Trump.2 'after-shock', the current turmoil of the new Transatlantic relation as well as NATO’s existential crisis on the way to its summit in The Hague in June 2025, as a background, this paper tries to isolate the question of the WEP4 from the 'elephant in the room' and to address it as a per se challenge
Über die Demokratie in Amerika im 21. Jahrhundert: Über Steven Levitskys und Daniel Ziblatts "Die Tyrannei der Minderheit - Warum die amerikanische Demokratie am Abgrund steht und was wir daraus lernen können"
No full textIntersectional Patterns in Higher Education STEMM: The Role of Gender, Ethnicity and Parental Transmission
Full text linkThis study examines how gender and ethno-national origin intersect in shaping the likelihood of studying science, technology, engineering, mathematics and medicine (STEMM) in higher education in Germany. Building on research showing gender and ethnic differences in the selection of STEMM-qualified immigrants who entered Germany in the 1980s, we explore whether similar patterns emerge among their offspring. We further analyse whether the effect of parental STEMM occupation varies by gender and ethno-national origin. Using nationally representative data, we find that students of Turkish or Middle Eastern and North African (MENA) descent - both men and women - are more likely to enrol in STEMM fields than their German-origin peers. Men of former Soviet Union (FSU) origin also show higher enrolment, contributing to a larger gender gap in that group compared to German-origin students. Significant differences are also found for Central and Eastern European (CEE) students. Additional analyses reveal that these results mostly reflect enrolment in male-dominated STEMM fields - even among ethnic minority women. Parental STEMM occupation is positively associated with enrolment in STEMM fields, particularly for men, but this association does not vary by ethno-national origin
Do All Mothers Benefit Equally? The Effect of Childcare, Parental Leave Policies and Gender Norms on the Motherhood Wage Penalty by Occupational Group
Full text linkScholars are increasingly aware of cross-national variations in the motherhood wage penalty, and there is solid evidence of its linkages with policies and the enabling or hindering of gender equality. Evidence of the differentiated effects of policies and norms across institutional contexts, however, is scarce. There are, at the same time, strong arguments that the remedies that are appropriate for lower and higher labour market status women may not only differ, but sometimes even conflict with each other. This paper centres on the effect of childcare policies and gender norms on the motherhood wage penalty moderated by occupational groups. We rely on multilevel modelling and EU-SILC data and explore a pan-European view incorporating 25 European countries. We confirm that long parental leave has the ability to increase the motherhood wage penalty, while the availability of childcare and attitudes that favour maternal employment can reduce it. We demonstrate that these policy effects are not uniform across occupational positions in Europe. While traditional gender norms and generous parental leave tend to universally penalise mothers in terms of their earnings, the availability of childcare benefits more women in high-skilled occupations
Sozialisationsprozesse in Viel-Kind-Familien
No full textAusgangspunkt des Beitrags ist die Beobachtung, dass Geschwisterkonstellationen für Sozialisationsprozesse und innerfamiliäre generationale Ordnungen von hoher Relevanz sind, in der erziehungswissenschaftlichen Forschung jedoch bislang keine große Rolle spielen. Geschwisterbeziehungen stabilisieren und konturieren Praktiken des 'doing familiy'. In Familien, in denen viele Geschwister leben, potenziert sich dies durch die Vervielfältigung von Beziehungskonstellationen. Vor diesem Hintergrund fragt der Beitrag, wie und in welcher Weise mikrogenerationale Sozialisationsprozesse in Viel-Kind-Familien verlaufen und welche Familienstile hervorgebracht werden. Um das Phänomen genauer in den Blick zu nehmen, wird zuerst der Blick auf die sozialisatorische Relevanz von Geschwistern gerichtet und das Phänomen von Viel-Kind-Familien in den Blick genommen. Anschließend werden empirische Analysen von zwei Ethnographien zu mikrogenerationalen Beziehungen in Viel-Kind-Familien präsentiert. Im Fazit wird eine sozialisationstheoretische Perspektive stark gemacht, die dafür plädiert, den eigenständigen Beitrag von Geschwistern für das doing family und damit für die generationale Ordnung stärker in den Blick zu nehmen.The starting point of the article is the observation that sibling constellations are highly relevant for socialisation processes and generational orders within families, yet they have not played a major role in educational research until now. Sibling relationships stabilise and shape 'doing family'. In families with many siblings, this is further enhanced by the multiplication of relationship constellations. Against this backdrop, the article discusses the question how and in what way micro-generational socialisation processes take place in multi-child families and which family styles emerge. In order to analyse this phenomenon more closely, we will first look at the socialisation relevance of siblings and the phenomenon of multi-child families. Empirical ethnographical analyses of micro-generational relations in multi-child families are then presented. The conclusion argues for family research for a socialization theory perspective, that looks more closely at the independent contribution of siblings to generational order while 'doing family'