2671 research outputs found
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shaunkeegan/coinfection_spatial_scaling_paper
No full textDataset and R code for: "The impact of within-host coinfection interactions on between-host parasite transmission dynamics varies with spatial scale"
Pre-vaccination carriage prevalence of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes among internally displaced people in Somaliland. Data and analyses
No full textData and code accompanying the preprint "Pre-vaccination carriage prevalence of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes among internally displaced people in Somaliland"
Data from: Tuberculosis research in road construction sites
No full textIntroduction: Workers with occupational exposure to respirable silica dust like casual labourers at road construction sites (RCSs) are known to be at a high risk of developing pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). There is limited literature about the burden of PTB among this sub-population with high occupational exposures to silica dust at road construction sites. We aimed to determine the prevalence of PTB among casual labourers working at road construction sites in Central Uganda.
Methods: We enrolled 297 participants by consecutive sampling into a cross-sectional study in September 2022 at four road construction sites in four districts in Central Uganda. A structured questionnaire was administered and the PTB cases were identified using a Gene Xpert and/or Computer Aided Detection for TB (CAD4TB). Data were analyzed in STATA version 17.0. Descriptive statistics adjusted for clustering were used to summarize the data and the relationship between PTB and independent variables were assessed using a mixed effects modified Poisson regression model to estimate the adjusted prevalence ratios.
Results: Most participants were males (95.6% (284/297)), median age was 29 years [Interquartile range (IQR); 25, 33]. The prevalence of PTB among casual labourers was 2.4% (95% CI: 1.9, 2.8). Being vaccinated with BCG (3.45, 95% CI (1.02, 11.61)), alcohol use (2.70, 95% CI (1.52, 4.80)) and staying in overcrowded house (8.13, 95% CI (4.37, 15.12)) were positively associated with having PTB.s
Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of PTB among casual labourers working at road construction sites in Central Uganda. Individuals who had never been vaccinated with BCG, alcohol users and those staying in overcrowded houses were at an increased risk of having PTB. We recommend routine screening of casual labourers at road construction sites to optimize active TB case finding
Rapid Assessment of Avoidable Blindness Report: Argentina, Buenos Aires (urban) (2003)
No full textA report including output of standardised analysis of vision and eye health survey data including tables of vision impairment prevalence and service coverage estimate
Rapid Assessment of Avoidable Blindness Report: Mali, Koulikoro (2011)
No full textA report including output of standardised analysis of vision and eye health survey data including tables of vision impairment prevalence and service coverage estimate
Rapid Assessment of Avoidable Blindness Report: China, Yunnan, Lancang (2012)
No full textA report including output of standardised analysis of vision and eye health survey data including tables of vision impairment prevalence and service coverage estimate
AndriaMousa/chemoprevention-trial-code
No full textCode used to simulate and analyse chemoprevention trial scenarios, related to study design, and participant and setting characteristics for "Measuring protective efficacy and quantifying the impact of drug resistance: A novel malaria chemoprevention trial design and methodology"
Data from: Quantification of sporozoite expelling by Anopheles mosquitoes infected with laboratory and naturally circulating P. falciparum gametocytes
No full textIt is currently unknown whether all Plasmodium falciparum infected mosquitoes are equally infectious. We assessed sporogonic development using cultured gametocytes in the Netherlands and naturally circulating strains in Burkina Faso. We quantified the number of sporozoites expelled into artificial skin in relation to intact oocysts, ruptured oocysts, and residual salivary gland sporozoites. Sporozoites were quantified by highly sensitive qPCR; intact and ruptured oocysts by fluorescence microscopy following antibody staining of circumsporozoite protein. In laboratory conditions, higher total sporozoite burden in mosquitoes was associated with a shorter duration of sporogony (p<0.001). Overall, 53% (116/216) of P. falciparum infected An. stephensi mosquitoes expelled sporozoites into artificial skin. The medians of expelled and residual salivary gland sporozoites were 136 (IQR: 34-501) and 23,947 (IQR: 9127-78,380), respectively. There was a strong positive correlation between ruptured oocyst number and salivary gland sporozoite load (ρ=0.8; p<0.0001) and a weaker positive correlation between salivary gland sporozoite load and the number of sporozoites expelled (ρ=0.35; p=0.0002). In Burkina Faso, An. coluzzii mosquitoes were infected by natural gametocyte carriers. Among mosquitoes that were salivary gland sporozoite positive, 89% (33/37) expelled sporozoites with a median of 1035 expelled sporozoites (IQR: 171-2969) and harbored a median of 45,100 residual salivary gland sporozoites (IQR: 20,310-164,900). Again, we observed a strong correlation between ruptured oocyst number and salivary gland sporozoite load (ρ=0.9; p<0.0001) and a positive correlation between salivary gland sporozoite load and the number of sporozoites expelled (ρ=0.7; p<0.0001). Mosquito salivary glands in Burkina Faso harbored 1-3 distinct parasite clones; several mosquitoes expelled multiple parasite clones during probing.Whilst sporozoite expelling was regularly observed from mosquitoes with low infection burdens, our findings indicate that mosquito infection burden is associated with the number of expelled sporozoites. Future work is required to determine the direct implications of these findings for transmission potential
SHARE-ENV - Exposure to Environmental Hazards
No full textSHARE-ENV (version 1) consists of population-weighted (_w) and unweighted variables of individual exposure to environmental hazards to be merged with the SHARE dataset. Variables are sorted into seven modules, depending on the outcomes of interest. The construction and use of the dataset are described in detail in the data descriptor article 'SHARE-ENV: A Data Set to Advance Our Knowledge of the Environment–Wellbeing Relationship', available at https://doi.org/10.1021/envhealth.3c00065