Journal of Extension Education
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Assessing the Satisfaction of Women Members of Cooperative Societies
Full text linkIn Kerala, a constituent state of India, the expansion of agricultural and related cooperatives indicates the general degree of contentment among its members. This study aims to analyse data from a primary survey among agricultural and milk cooperatives to elucidate the elements contributing to members’ satisfaction. Descriptive statistics indicate that most female members of the cooperatives have completed only a basic level of education, and furthermore, only a minority of them occupy important roles within these organizations. The estimated structural equation model depicts the dynamics of satisfaction in detail. According to the study, members’ participation in cooperative activities yields a variety of benefits, thereby increasing their overall satisfaction
Awareness and Consumption of Millets among Young Adults of Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh
Full text linkThe present study was conducted with the objective to identify the awareness levels and consumption of millets among young adults from Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh in India . A total of 232 young adults between the ages of 18 and 25 years were interviewed in this concurrent nested design-based study. The objective of this study was to identify the awareness of millets and investigate the consumption patterns of millets among young adults. The results showed that although 80.20 percent of the respondents were aware of millets in general, only 23.20 percent knew of more than 5 types of millets. The recognition rate was lowest for Barnyard millet (35.60%). The consumption pattern showed majority of the respondents were consuming millets but the frequency was only ‘few times a year’. The study concluded that young adults need to be made aware about the importance and ways of consuming millets for better mainstreaming of millets among the population
Potential of Joint Liability Groups (JLGs) for the Sustainability of Dairy Industry: Case of three Co-operatives in Kerala
Full text linkThe milk production in Kerala is almost static for the last few years, and the major reasons for this are the increased cost of production and the reduction in the number of dairy animals. Due to scarce resources, small-scale farmers are challenged to raise funds to increase the herd size. One way to solve the problem is to mobilise resources through collaboration with community-based organisations such as Joint Liability Groups (JLGs) formed under the dairy cooperatives. The present research investigated the impact of establishing JLGs under the ambit of dairy cooperatives and providing finance for purchasing dairy animals. The case study examined three dairy cooperatives in the Wayanad district and observed a significant rise in milk procurement within the societies through the establishment of JLGs
Challenges and Opportunities for Sustainable Rural Development in India: Lessons from the Unnat Bharat Abhiyan (Improved India Mission) Programme
Full text linkThe Unnat Bharat Abhiyan (UBA) is an initiative by the Government of India that fosters collaborations between Higher Educational Institutions (HEIs) and rural communities to promote holistic rural development. The present study was conducted to examine the experiences, role, functions and perspectives of UBA Coordinators in transforming rural communities through UBA projects. Insights were drawn from a focus group discussion with 50 UBA coordinators from 50 HEIs from 15 districts of Tamil Nadu, a constituent state of India. The findings reveal that the UBA coordinators had made significant efforts to foster trust in community leadership, identify the needs of the community, and establish connections with partner organizations to carry out UBA projects. The findings of the study can be used to enhance UBA strategies, empowering rural communities across India with tailored, technology-driven solutions
Rural Community Teachers’ Awareness and Attitude on Learning Challenges
Full text linkIn rural landscapes, teachers are unsung education heroes, facing challenges like limited professional growth, inadequate infrastructure, and the need to innovate teaching methods for diverse student needs. They shape their communities’ education through adaptability and evolution. A September 2022 study conducted in Coimbatore district of Tamil Nadu surveyed 149 rural primary school teachers, using self-developed questionnaires on background information, awareness of learning challenges, and attitudes toward them. Reliability, measured with Cronbach’s Alpha, showed scores of 0.829 for awareness and 0.854 for attitudes. Results revealed that most teachers had moderate awareness, with some displaying low awareness and manyholding neutral attitudes, which could turn unfavorable over time. Linear regression highlighted associations with age, experience, and class type. Experience emerged as the main predictor for both awareness and attitude, implying that more experience leads to improved awareness and attitude. These findings can guide stakeholders in supporting rural educators, benefitting students across geographical boundaries
Unearthing the Knowledge of Natural Farming through Content Analysis of English YouTube Videos
Full text linkAmidst the vast realm of digital content, YouTube covers agricultural videos that exhibit the marvels of natural farming. This content analysis, conducted in 2023, encompasses a comprehensive synopsis of YouTube videos communicated in English on natural farming. By employing a meticulously prepared checklist, the study delved into both qualitative and quantitative aspects of the videos. A total of 150 videos were selected through systematic random sampling, assuring recurrent themes and subthemes. An accurate and consistent analysis was ensured by conducting intra-coder reliability. The analysis includes categorization in respect oftype of enterprise, type of crop, place of program, shot type, Type of operational practices, type of manure, type of mulching, type of compost, type of soil water conservation techniques, type of pest management techniques, the theme of the channels, number of subscribers, and type of content. The analysis focused on YouTube’s coverage of promoting knowledge about natural farming practices by serving as a comprehensive resource for empowering and motivating people on their sustainable agricultural journeys
An Analysis of Expenditure Pattern of Farm Families in Prayagraj District of Uttar Pradesh
Full text linkThe study was conducted in the Chaka and Kundhiyama blocks situated in Prayagraj district of Uttar Pradesh, India. Altogether, 200 farmers were randomly selected from four villages of the selected blocks. The results of the study revealed that the average monthly family expenditure increased as the land size increased, except in the case of medium-sized farm-holders, as the average family size was larger than that of small-sized farm holders. The percentage of expenditure was found to be more on food; it was found that the percentage of the amount spent on food decreased as the income increased. The percentage of expenditure on food items decreased with the increase in holding size
Empowerment of Women through Microfinance in Chikmagalur District of Karnataka
Full text linkThe present study was carried out to analyse the indicators of women empowerment and evaluate the effectiveness of microfinance on women empowerment. Empowerment indicators were identified and analysed based on the responses of 60 SHG (Self-Help Group) women in Mudigere Taluk of Chikmagalur District of Karnataka state. The findings pointed the impact of microfinance on women empowerment based on women empowerment indicators using five-point Likert scale. It was concluded that women’s participation in microfinance empowers them in family, social and economic security in terms of decision making, mobility, ownership of assets and independent savings
Determinants of Knowledge Level on Kiwi Cultivation Practices in Phek District of Nagaland
Full text linkThe paper examines the knowledge level of kiwi growers and its determinants in Nagaland. The study was conducted among kiwi growers in Phek district of Nagaland during 2023-24 and the sample size was 120. A knowledge test index was adapted with suitable modification. More than half of the respondents were above 50 years of age, majority were illiterate, had marginal size of land under kiwi, had ‘medium’ farming experience and had an average annual income of Rs. 139391.67. The findings of the study concluded that majority of the respondents had ‘fair or moderate’ level of knowledge on kiwi cultivation and the determinants of knowledge level on kiwi cultivation were education, extension contact, training exposure & farming experience
From the Editor's Desk
Full text linkThis editorial of Journal of Extension Education , 34 (4) deals with various forms of aberrations in research misconduct