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Views, perceptions, and experiences of type 2 diabetes or weight management programmes among minoritized ethnic groups living in high-income countries: A systematic review of qualitative evidence
Get PDFBackground
Prevalence of both obesity and type 2 diabetes can be higher in patients from certain ethnic groups, yet uptake and adherence to current support within these groups is lower, leading to widening health inequalities in high-income countries.
Objectives
The main objective of this study is to understand the views, perceptions, and experiences of and barriers and facilitators in relation to the uptake and adherence to weight management and type 2 diabetes programs in minoritized ethnic groups in high-income countries.
Methods
CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Scopus, Academic Search Complete, and PubMed were searched for English language studies undertaken in community-dwelling adults residing in high-income countries, who are from a minoritized ethnic group within the country of study.
Results
Seventeen studies were synthesized using the JBI System for the Unified Management of the Assessment and Review of Information. From these studies, 115 findings were retrieved, and seven key themes were identified: (1) family health status and program education, (2) social support, (3) challenges, (4) cultural beliefs, (5) increased awareness and dietary changes, (6) impact of psychological evaluations, and (7) considerations for future.
Conclusions
Nutritional considerations for type 2 diabetes mellitus and weight management programs in high-income countries should include social, habitual, economic, and conceptual components, which should include consideration of local ethnic and cultural norms and building community relationships while creating culturally tailored programs
“I expect it as part of the kind of package deal when you sign up to these things”—Motivations and experiences of ghosting.
Get PDFMost online dating users perceive ghosting to be common and expect that there is a chance of being ghosted on online dating platforms (ODPs). The current study extends previous research by gaining qualitative insight into what people believe constitutes ghosting behavior, why people ghost, and how ghosting makes them feel. This study aimed to (a) explore individuals’ motivations to ghost, (b) explore individuals experiences of ghosting, and (c) gather the ghosters views of ghosting definition. A total of 12 online interviews were conducted. All participants had previously ghosted on ODPs and lived in the United Kingdom. Data were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. The presented five themes reflect a contextual realist approach, using both semantic and latent coding, and reveal that ghosting is considered the norm on ODP. There are general and specific motivations underpinning ghosting behavior, producing a mixed emotional response from the ghoster. The findings also shed light on how we can better define ghosting, with participants having concerns with the word relationship. Finally, we highlight several protective factors that can minimize the likelihood of ghosting. Based on our findings we suggest that ghosting be defined as being a gradual or sudden one-sided ceasing of communication to end the progress of an interaction with another person. While we found several protective factors that can minimize the likelihood of ghosting, these are unique to the individual and ghosting cannot be abolished as it has become a normative and embedded practice within ODP. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved
Towards a common definition of surgical prehabilitation: a scoping review of randomised trials.
Get PDFBackgroundThere is no universally accepted definition for surgical prehabilitation. The objectives of this scoping review were to (1) identify how surgical prehabilitation is defined across randomised controlled trials and (2) propose a common definition.MethodsThe final search was conducted in February 2023 using MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Cochrane. We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of unimodal or multimodal prehabilitation interventions (nutrition, exercise, and psychological support) lasting at least 7 days in adults undergoing elective surgery. Qualitative data were analysed using summative content analysis.ResultsWe identified 76 prehabilitation trials of patients undergoing abdominal (n=26, 34%), orthopaedic (n=20, 26%), thoracic (n=14, 18%), cardiac (n=7, 9%), spinal (n=4, 5%), and other (n=5, 7%) surgeries. Surgical prehabilitation was explicitly defined in more than half of these RCTs (n=42, 55%). Our findings consolidated the following definition: 'Prehabilitation is a process from diagnosis to surgery, consisting of one or more preoperative interventions of exercise, nutrition, psychological strategies and respiratory training, that aims to enhance functional capacity and physiological reserve to allow patients to withstand surgical stressors, improve postoperative outcomes, and facilitate recovery.'ConclusionsA common definition is the first step towards standardisation, which is needed to guide future high-quality research and advance the field of prehabilitation. The proposed definition should be further evaluated by international stakeholders to ensure that it is comprehensive and globally accepted
Experience management in hospitality and tourism: reflections and implications for future research
Get PDFPurpose – This paper aims to provide a critical reflection on the management of experiences in hospitality
and tourism (H&T). The paper investigates the evolution of experience research, while discussing the
emerging challenges and opportunities for management.
Design/methodology/approach – The study adopts a critical and reflective approach for providing
future directions of experience research. Three major fields are identified to discuss advances, challenges and
opportunities in experience research: conceptualization and dimensions of experiences; relational network for
experience management; and theoretical and methodological approaches.
Findings – The paper proposes a mindset shift to guide experience research, but also to redirect and
research thinking and managerial practices about the role of experiences in the economy and society. This
proposed humanized perspective to experience research and management is deemed important given the
contemporary socio-economic, environmental and technological challenges of the environment.
Research limitations/implications – This paper identifies a set of theoretical and managerial
implications to help scholars and professionals alike to implement the humanized perspective to experience
research. Implications relate to conceptualization, relational network and theoretical and methodological
approaches in experience research.
Originality/value – This study critically assesses research challenges and opportunities around customer
experience management (CEM) in H&T contexts. This reflective and critical look at customer experiences not
only informs future research for advancing knowledge and practice but also proposes a mindset shift about
the role and nature of CEM in the society and economy
Optimization of ultrasound-assisted extraction of faba bean protein isolate: Structural, functional, and thermal properties. Part 2/2.
Get PDFEnvironmental concerns linked to animal-based protein production have intensified interest in sustainable alternatives, with a focus on underutilized plant proteins. Faba beans, primarily used for animal feed, offer a high-quality protein source with promising bioactive compounds for food applications. This study explores the efficacy of ultrasound-assisted extraction under optimal conditions (123 W power, 1:15 g/mL solute/solvent ratio, 41 min sonication, 623 mL total volume) to isolate faba bean protein (U-FBPI). The ultrasound-assisted method achieved a protein extraction yield of 19.75 % and a protein content of 92.87 %, outperforming the control method's yield of 16.41 % and protein content of 89.88 %. Electrophoretic analysis confirmed no significant changes in the primary structure of U-FBPI compared to the control. However, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy revealed modifications in the secondary structure due to ultrasound treatment. The U-FBPI demonstrated superior water and oil holding capacities compared to the control protein isolate, although its foaming capacity was reduced by ultrasound. Thermal analysis indicated minimal impact on the protein's thermal properties under the applied ultrasound conditions. This research highlights the potential of ultrasound-assisted extraction for improving the functional properties of faba bean protein isolates, presenting a viable approach for advancing plant-based food production and contributing to sustainable protein consumption
Loneliness and the COVID-19 pandemic: implications for practice
Get PDFLoneliness is a complex universal human experience. A variety of evidence indicates that prolonged loneliness can have a negative effect on an individual's long-term physical and psychological outcomes. Empirical evidence and systematic reviews show strong links between loneliness and ill health, particularly cardiovascular disease and mental health. Loneliness is increasing in frequency and severity. The issue of loneliness has been part of UK Government mandates since 2018; however, evidence suggests that, due to the pandemic, the need to focus on the issue may be even more significant. Assessing for loneliness can be challenging and many people do not want to report their feelings of loneliness. Interventions should aim to be preventive and help people create meaningful interactions. Useful interventions include person-centred interventions, cognitive therapy and group intervention therapy. There is a need for more evidence-based loneliness interventions. A knowledge of local and voluntary sectors is vital so health professionals can effectively support their patients
Structural, thermal, and physicochemical properties of ultrasound-assisted extraction of faba bean protein isolate (FPI)
Get PDFThis study aimed to understand the impact of ultrasonication (24 kHz) at a fixed power (100 W) and duration
(5–60 min) on the physicochemical, structural, and thermal properties of faba bean protein isolates. Ultrasoundrelevant parameters such as acoustic density, intensity, and yield conversion were estimated. The average protein
purity (~85% protein) and yield (up to 22 %) of the ultrasound-assisted protein isolate were higher than those of
the control protein isolate. Compared to the original flour, the isolate had significantly lower levels of vicine and
convicine. Electrophoresis revealed no substantial alterations in the primary structure of the native and sonicated
faba bean isolates. SDS-PAGE and SE-HPLC showed that sonicated samples had profiles similar to those of the
native protein isolate. FTIR spectra and X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns were used to measure structural changes
in all faba bean protein isolates (FBPI). XRD study revealed two distinct diffraction peaks at 2 θ = 10◦ and 2 θ =
20◦ for protein isolates, indicating that alteration in native conformational crystallite size was altered after the
ultrasound application