Hokkaido University

Hokkaido University Collection of Scholarly and Academic Papers
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    The Hokkaido University Museum news

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    Human Rights of Foreigners and the McLean Case

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    2023年・2024年の地域別最低賃金の審議について

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    2023年は、地域別最低賃金の審議に関する転機であったかもしれない。2023年には、最低賃金の低い県が、中央最低賃金審議会が設定した引上げ目安(39-41円)を大きく上回る引上げ(上乗せの最大額は佐賀の8円)の答申を行ない、最低賃金が低い県での引き上げ額は、最低賃金が高い都府県の引き上げ額を上回った。2024年には、やはり最低賃金の低い県がより大幅な引き上げ答申を行ない、徳島県の引き上げ額は84円となり、目安であった50円を34円も上回った。本稿では、2024年の最低賃金の引上げの上乗せ額について、それが答申日、都道府県のランク、過去の上乗せの累計額とどのように関連しているかを検討した。その結果、2023年と、2024年の徳島を除くサンプルでは、(1)答申が遅い時点で行われた地域ほど引き上げ額が高くなり、答申日が1日遅いと0.14円引き上げ額が高くなった、(2)高い引き上げ額は、最低賃金の低い地域(新ランクC、旧ランクDの県)に集中していた、ことが確認された。2024年については徳島県1県を含めた推計と含めない推計とでは、係数が大きく変わる。2023年・2024年の審議では、「答申のタイミング」が注目を集めたが、発効日が遅くなる影響を時給換算で評価すると、2024年の徳島の34円の上乗せは、発効日が4週間程度遅れたことを考慮すると、実質的に26.7円の上乗せに相当することを示した。さらに2024年を中心に、いくつかの県で県知事が最低賃金の地方審議に関して意見を述べた状況や、そのことと公労使による審議の枠組みとの整合性を検討した

    ポスト世俗化時代の「ヴェーバーとトレルチ」

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    日本基督教学会北海道支部2021年度公開シンポジウム「マックス・ヴェーバーとキリスト教 : マックス・ヴェーバー没後100年(2020年)を記念して」. 2021年8月11日

    Deep Learning-Based Imaging Analysis Reveals Radiation-Induced Bystander Effects on Cancer Cell Migration and the Modulation by Cisplatin

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    Regulating tumor invasion and metastasis is pivotal for improving cancer patient prognosis. While cell migration is a key factor in these processes, the non-targeted effects of chemoradiotherapy on cell motility remain poorly understood. In this study, we employed HeLa-FUCCI cells—a cervical cancer-derived HeLa cell line integrated with the Fluorescent Ubiquitination-Based Cell Cycle Indicator (FUCCI) probe, enabling the visualization of cell cycle phases—to investigate the radiation-induced impacts, including non-targeted effects, on cell migration. To create irradiated (In-field) and non-irradiated (out-of-field) regions, half of the culture dish was shielded with a lead block during irradiation. Cells were then exposed to 2 Gy X-rays, with or without cisplatin. Following irradiation, the cells were subjected to time-lapse imaging at 15 min intervals for 24 h, and the acquired data were analyzed using cell segmentation and tracking algorithms, Cellpose 2.0 and TrackMate 7. Without cisplatin, the migration velocity and total distance traveled of Out-of-field cells were significantly reduced compared to controls, suggesting a suppressive bystander signal. In contrast, with cisplatin treatment, these parameters significantly increased in both In-field and Out-of-field cells. This suggests that chemoradiotherapy may inadvertently enhance tumor cell motility outside the target volume, a critical finding with significant implications for therapeutic outcomes

    Minimum thickness of liquid film for the validity of water hammer theory

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    Systems that clean by high-speed nanodroplet injection have recently been developed; however, elucidating the cleaning mechanism underlying nanodroplet impact is urgently required. In this study, numerical simulations of the high-speed impact phenomenon of two liquid films were performed using the Enskog–Vlasov direct simulation Monte Carlo method. We determine the minimum liquid film thickness for which the water hammer theory is applicable to the maximum pressure generated during liquid film impact. The simulation results show that the water hammer pressure was generated when the liquid film thickness exceeded the compression wavefront thickness generated by the liquid film impact, which is more than ten times the molecular diameter

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