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Marine potential environmental impact assessment and monitoring of CO2 concentration in seawater for sub-seabed CO2 storage
Get PDF海底下の地層にCO2を貯留する場合に法令で求められているCO2漏出を仮定した潜在的環境影響評価と貯留サイト海域での海水の化学的性状の監視について，海洋シミュレーション結果を基に考察した．漏出率が同じであればCO2漏出による海水のCO2濃度増加は夏季に最大となる．また，漏出したCO2はすぐに希釈されるため，漏出継続期間は海水のCO2濃度増加にほとんど影響を及ぼさない．したがって，潜在的環境影響評価のための海洋シミュレーションは夏季条件で1か月程度行えばよく，化学的性状の監視は夏季に行うべきである．In the present paper, potential environmental impact assessment assuming CO2 leakage and monitoring of chemical property in seawater, both of which are mandatory when CO2 is stored in Japan, were discussed based on an ocean simulation. The increase of CO2 concentration in seawater due to CO2 leakage is largest in summer if CO2 leak rate is the same, and the duration of the leakage has little influence on the increase of CO2 concentration owing to quick dispersion. These suggest that the ocean simulation for the potential environmental impact assessment should be performed for a month of the summer season and that the monitoring of chemical property in seawater should be conducted in summer
The Ice core drilling at Trambau Glacier, Nepal Himalaya
Get PDF2019年の10月から11月にかけて，ネパールヒマラヤ，ロールワリン地域に位置する，トランバウ氷河の涵養域にて全長81.2mのアイスコアを掘削した．掘削地点は海抜5860mの高地であり，かつ，ネパール政府が定める飛行制限区域のため，通常ではヘリコプターの使用が困難な地域であるが，政府からの許可を得てヘリコプターにてアイスコアと掘削機器の輸送を行うことができた．またインドからドライアイスを輸入して同梱し，掘削されたアイスコアは融解することなく，北海道大学低温科学研究所まで輸送することに成功した．現場での初期解析の結果，アイスコアの88%が密度830 kg m–3以上の再凍結氷であることがわかった．An 80.12-m-long ice core was retrieved from the accumulation area (5862 m above sea level (a.s.l.)) of Trambau Glacier in the Rolwalig region during October–November 2019. The drilling site is located at a high elevation area and is in a restricted flying area, normally making it difficult to operate a helicopter. However, we could transport the ice core and drilling equipment by helicopters with permission from the government of Nepal. Dry ice imported from India was included in the insulation boxes with ice cores, and the ice cores were successfully transported to a cold laboratory in ILTS without melting. The primary analysis showed that 88% of the ice core was refrozen with a density of > 830 kg m–3.
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Experiments on predicting sea ice variations off the coast of Hokkaido in the southern Sea of Okhotsk
Get PDF北海道オホーツク海沿岸は季節海氷が到達する北半球の最南端であり，地球温暖化に敏感な海域と考えられている．本研究では，北海道東方海域での海氷変動に着目し，2050年に関する海氷変動を評価した．予測実験は，オホーツク海全体をカバーする解像度1/10°の海氷・海洋モデルに北海道周辺の海域をカバーする解像度1/50°のモデルをネスティングし，第6期結合モデル相互比較計画（CMIP6）における2050年を中心とした20年間の平均値と2000年のそれの差分値を大気境界条件に利用することにより行った．その結果，低位温暖化シナリオにおいてさえ，北海道沖の海氷面積は2050年に現在の約1/3に減少する，という予測結果を得た．The southern Sea of Okhotsk off Hokkaido is the most southern region where sea ice can reach in the northern hemisphere. Therefore, it is considered that the sea ice in this region is sensitive to the global warming. In this article, we describe preliminary results of the numerical experiments evaluating the variations of the sea ice in 2050 off Hokkaido. A sea-ice and ocean coupled model, covering the sea surrounding the Hokkaido (with a grid of 1/50°), is nested to a parent model that covers the entire Sea of Okhotsk (with a grid of 1/10°), and is forced by an atmospheric data which is produced by utilizing the difference between the 2050 climate and the 2000 climate presented by the CMIP6 models, in order to project the sea ice variations of 2050. The sea-ice and ocean coupled model predicted that the sea ice area, would be reduced to 1/3 in 2050 compared to the present sea ice area even in a low greenhouse gas emission scenario
Access to and recognition of social resources and systems that support child rearing in early childhood
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