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An Analysis of the Historic Logic of the “Great Change Unseen in a Hundred Years”：Based on the Analysis of a Two-phases Growth Model Composed of Capital and Labor
No full text赵燕菁，厦门大学经济学院教授；宋涛,厦门大学经济学院副教授。【中文摘要】百年未有之大变局”已成为中国战略界的共识。要寻找“百年变局”的历史逻辑，必须将这一判断放置在一个更一般的增长模型框架内精心讨论。按照两阶段增长模型，经济增长是由资本型增长和劳动型增长构成的一个动态过程。这一增长模型在全球分工格局的空间投影是在美元驱动下形成的创造资本的“中心国家”和依靠劳动的“边缘国家”资本与劳动的多寡是由这两个变量的相互关系定义的，资本短缺导致拥有资本的阶层在分配中又攫取了财富的绝大部分,进而导致中美贸易冲突。就未来全球的分工格局而言，土地金融推动中国成为资本创造大国，动摇了已经维持百年的国际分工秩序。资本与劳动的镜像对偶关系决定了任何宏观经济政策本质上都是在二者之间进行权衡取舍。转型经济的一大特点，就是两种增长阶段并存，由此对中国的宏观经济政策而言，采用同时兼顾资本密集和劳动密集两个阶段的双轨制可能是最佳选择。如何实现从劳动密集向资本密集的增长转型,又不引发大国间的战略对决，是中国将与全球一起共同面对的百年未有之大变局。
【Abstract】The “great change unseen in a hundred years’，has become a consensus in China's strategic community.To find its historical logic，this judgment must be carefully discussed within the framework of a more general growth model. According to the two - stage growth model， economic growth is a dynamic process composed of capital growth and labor growth. The spatial projection of this growth model in the global pattern of division of labor is the dollar-driven formation of capital- creating central countries and labor-dependent peripheral countries. The amount of capital and labor is defined by the relationship between these two variables. The shortage of capital causes the class who owned capital to obtain the majority of the wealth in the distribution，which leads to the trade conflicts between China and the United States. In terms of the future division of labor in the world，land finance has driven China to become a capital creation power，shaking the international division of labor order that has been maintained for a century. The existence of a mirror-image dual relationship be¬tween capital and labor determines that any macroeconomic policy is essentially a trade-off between the two. One of the characteristics of the transition economy is the coexistence of two growth stages. Therefore，for China ’ s macroeconomic pol¬icy， it may be the best choice to adopt the dual regulation that gives consideration to both capital-intensive and labor-intensive stages. How to make the transition from labor-intensive growth to capital - intensive growth without triggering a strategic showdown between major powers is the biggest change that China and the rest of the world will face，which is exactly the profound meaning of the “great change unseen in a hundred years”
A Study of the Relationship between Financial Development and Economic Growth in the “Belt and Road”Countries
No full text杨权，厦门大学经济学院教授、博士生导师，经济学博士；郭雅恒，思特沃克软件技术有限公司业务分析师。【中文摘要】“一带一路”倡议是汇集了亚、欧、非大陆在内的沿线国家一同构建区域经济合作共同体的重大战略部署。随着全球金融的迅猛发展，金融发展与经济增长成为学界关注的重点课题。金融发展沿着金融深化与金融包容两个层面展开。利用2004 — 2014年国际货币基金组织（IMF) 的国际金融统计（IFS)数据库和金融可得性调査（FAS)数据库，采用差分广义矩估计方法，可对 “一带一路”沿线国家金融深化、金融包容的经济增长绩效进行考察。实证结果发现：“一带一路”沿线国家的金融深化对经济增长的作用为正,尤其以金融部门授予私人部门信贷占GDP比重衡量的作用更为显；而金融包容对经济增长则为反向作用。
【Abstract】 The “Belt and Road” Initiative is a major regional cooperation initiative that brings together the countries a¬long the “Belt and Road” in Asia，Europe and Africa to build a regional economic cooperation community. With the rapid development of global finance，the relationship between financial development and economic growth has become the focus of academic attention. Financial development is carried out on two fronts: financial deepening and financial inclusion. Using the data from IFS and FAS datasets to investigate the relationship among financial deepening，financial inclusion and economic growth along the “Belt and Road” countries. The empirical results show that the relationship between financial depth and economic growth in the “Belt and Road” countries is positive and is especially obvious when using PC as the agent variable for financial depth，while the relationship between financial inclusion and economic growth in the Belt and Road countries is negative.国家社会科学基金项目“‘一带一路’沿线国家金融合作研究”（16BJL091)；国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国国际援助和开发合作体系创新研究”（16ZDA037
Letters Written by Li Maoying upon Passing the Imperial Examination
No full text诸葛忆兵，中国人民大学国学院教授、博士生导师。【中文摘要】李昴英于宋理宗宝庆二年（1226)以探花登第,在京城等待放榜和任命期间，写了五封家书。第一封家书写于省试名单公布之际，向家人匆匆报捷，表现出作者淡然从容的心态。第二、三封家书写于三月下旬,主要叙说新科探花在京应酬花销巨大，其中以请托“入局”带来的纷扰最令人难堪，还涉及租房、雇佣、拜师、请人作答谢四六、先期寻觅差遣处所、新科前三名相互照应等事项，并一直期待妻子陈氏家的资助。第四封家书写于四月，提供了两项新资讯：同年中之同乡的相互联络结交和“榜下择婿”。第五封家书写于六月，核心内容是报告升殿唱名之情景。这些家书丰富细腻地展现了新科探花中第后在京城的生活情态和心态,宋代科举社会场景和制度变得鲜活生动。
【Abstract】In the year of 1226，Li Maoying passed the Imperial Examination，ranking third.He stayed in the capital for months，waiting for the announcement of the final results. During this period，he wrote five letters home. In the first letter， written in early March，he shared the announced results of the examination with his family. The letter revealed a calm and easy state of mind. The second and the third letters were written in late March，mainly talking about the large expense of his social engagements in the capital. Li needed to deal with many things， including renting a room， hiring helping hands， expressing appreciation to the examiners，familiarizing himself with the new workplace，and trying to develop a friendship with the first-and second-place examiners. Meanwhile，he had been expecting some financial support from the Chen family of his wife. The fourth letter was written in April. Two new pieces of information were provided. One was about a townsmen's association，while the other one was about “selection of a son-in-law on the announcement date” . The fifth letter was written in June，describing how he had an audience with the Emperor. These letters revealed the life and feelings of a successful candidate during his stay in the capital. Thanks to these precious records，the social scenes and the imperial examination system of the Song dynasty are vividly presented to us.中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目“宋代文学演变与科举制度” (12XNL004
Recent Advances of CO2 Electrochemical Reduction in Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells
No full text固体氧化物电解池是一种高效、环境友好型的能量转换器件,可以直接将电能转化为化学能. 本文介绍了近年来作者课题组在固体氧化物电解池直接用于CO2还原的研究进展,并以阴极材料为主着重讨论了金属陶瓷电极和混合导电型钙钛矿氧化物电极的研究工作,最后展望了未来固体氧化物电解池直接电解CO2的研究思路和方向.Solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs) have stimulated wide interests for their promising application in the reduction of CO2 emissions and the storage of renewable energy. Here, the advances made in the development of cathode materials including cermets and perovskite oxides in our research group, are summarized, along with the design of cell configurations. The electrochemical kinetics and performances of cathodes and cells are discussed and analyzed. It is expected that this brief review offers critical insights and useful guidelines for developing superior electrodes and SOECs in the future.国家自然科学基金项目(No.91645101);国家自然科学基金项目(No.51972298)通讯作者:夏长荣E-mail:[email protected]:XIAChang-rongE-mail:[email protected]中国科学技术大学材料科学与工程系,中国科学院能量转换重点实验室,安徽 合肥 230026CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui Province, P. R. Chin
Pitting Behavior of Stainless Steel in Simulated Marine Atmosphere Based on Electrochemical Noise
No full text基于电化学噪声技术建立了不锈钢海洋大气点蚀监测系统,利用该系统对处于干湿循环环境下不锈钢的点蚀行为进行监测. 使用时域谱图、时域统计、频域谱图和散粒噪声理论等分析方法对采集到的电化学噪声数据进行处理分析,并结合动电位极化法,形貌分析法共同研究不锈钢的点蚀行为. 研究结果表明,304不锈钢在模拟海洋大气环境下的点蚀行为分为钝化、亚稳态点蚀和稳态点蚀三个阶段. 在钝化阶段,电位电流噪声信号出现少量的同步异向波动,腐蚀事件发生频率高,平均电量低;在亚稳态点蚀阶段,电位电流噪声信号出现大量的同步同向波动,腐蚀事件发生频率降低,平均电量上升,通过扫描电镜观察蚀点;在稳态点蚀阶段,电位电流噪声信号不仅存在大量的同步同向波动,还出现了同步异向波动,腐蚀事件发生频率较低,平均电量大幅度上升,通过扫描电镜观察到电极表面出现小而浅的蚀点. 而动电位极化法可以证实304不锈钢点蚀的发生. 两种分析方法所得结果具有较好的一致性,证明该监测系统很好地实现了对模拟海洋大气环境下304不锈钢点蚀行为的连续监测,并能判断点蚀的发生.A measurement system for detecting the atmospheric corrosion of stainless steels was built based on electrochemical noise technology. The electrochemical noise data have been collected for 304 stainless steels which were exposed to the simulated marine atmospheric environment. The pitting behaviors of 304 stainless steels were studied by analyzing the electrochemical noise results with the time domain spectrogram, statistic, frequency domain spectrogram and shot noise theory. Meanwhile, potentiodynamic polarization and morphological analysis were also used as assistant measurements. It has shown that the 304 stainless steel in the whole wet-dry cycle could be divided into three stages, including passivation stage, metastable pitting stage and stable pitting stage. During the passivation stage, the electrochemical current noise and electrochemical potential noise exhibited minor synchronous-perikinetie fluctuations. The corrosion events occurred at high frequencies with the low average electric quantity. During the metastable pitting stage, the electrochemical current noise and electrochemical potential noise increased exponentially and at the same time decayed abruptly, and the frequencies for corrosion events decreased with the increased average electric quantity. However, no pitting spots were observed from the SEM micrographs. During the stable pitting stage, the electrochemical current noise remained an exponential increase and abrupt decay, corresponding to the pulse in electrochemical potential noise which is characterized by an exponential decay following by an abrupt recovery. Meanwhile, the lifetimes of fluctuations in electrochemical current noise and electrochemical potential noise were longer. The frequencies for corrosion events became lowered with the significant rise of average electric quantity. In addition, some small and flat pitting spots could be found from the SEM micrographs. The potentiodynamic polarization technique can be applied to verify the nucleation of stable pitting. The pitting potential decreased sharply when the stable pitting was formed at the 304 stainless steel surface. The results obtained by the two methods were consistent with each others, proving that the measuring system can continuously monitor the pitting behaviors of 304 stainless steels in the simulated marine environments, and judges the occurrence of stable pitting.国家青年科学基金项目(51801033);广东海洋大学科研启动经费资助项目通讯作者:邓培昌E-mail:[email protected]:DENGPei-changE-mail:[email protected]. 广东海洋大学机械与动力工程学院,广东 湛江 5240882. 广东海洋大学化学与环境学院,广东 湛江 5240881. School of mechanical and power engineering, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088,Guang dong, China2. School of chemistry and environment, Guangdong Ocean University,Zhanjiang 524088, Guangdong, Chin
Ordered Mesoporous Carbon/Graphene/Nickel Foam for Flexible Dopamine Detection with Ultrahigh Sensitivity and Selectivity
Get PDF柔性生物传感器在可穿戴电子设备中有着广泛的应用前景. 为了获得柔性电化学多巴胺传感器,作者在本工作中首先在镍泡沫表面通过化学气相沉积生长石墨烯,随后通过高温碳化嵌段共聚物与酚醛树脂在石墨烯表面共组装形成的薄膜制备了有序介孔碳/石墨烯/镍泡沫（OMC/G/Ni）复合材料. 其中,镍泡沫可以为复合材料提供具有高导电性和良好柔韧性的金属骨架,而具有垂直排列介孔阵列的有序介孔碳层为复合材料提供了高的电活性表面积,且有利于活性位点的暴露. 值得注意的是,夹在有序介孔碳层和镍泡沫之间的石墨烯极大地增强了各组分之间的相容性,有利于进一步提升复合材料的电化学性能. 作为电化学传感器中的工作电极,OMC/G/Ni体现出优异的多巴胺检测能力. 不但具有宽的线性检测范围（0.05 ~ 58.75 μmol·L-1）和低检测限（0.019 μmol·L-1）,还具有良好的选择性、重现性和稳定性. 此外,OMC/G/Ni在弯曲状态下依旧能够保持对多巴胺的高检测能力,证明了其在柔性生物传感器中的应用潜力.Flexible biosensors have received intensive attentions for their potential applications in wearable electronics. To obtain flexible electrochemical dopamine (DA) sensors, the ordered mesoporous carbon/graphene/nickel foam (OMC/G/Ni) composite was fabricated in this work via the growth of graphene on Ni foam by chemical vapor deposition, and the formation of the OMC layer followed by the carbonization of co-assembled resol and block polymer., The monolithic Ni foam in the resultant OMC/G/Ni electrode provided an interconnected metal framework with high conductivity and good flexibility, while the OMC layer with the vertically aligned mesopore arrays rendered the composite a large electroactive surface with highly exposed active sites. More importantly, the graphene sandwiched between the OMC layer and Ni foam greatly enhanced the compatibility of each component. As the integrated electrode in DA sensor, the OMC/G/Ni electrode exhibited excellent performances with a large linear detection range (0.05 ~ 58.75 μmol·L-1), an ultra-low detection limit (0.019 μmol·L-1), high selectivity, good reproducibility and high stability, outperforming the recently reported flexible DA sensors. Moreover, the OMC/G/Ni electrode still kept the good DA sensing behavior at its bent states, demonstrating its potential for flexible biosensors.通讯作者:刘瑞丽E-mail:[email protected]:LIURui-liE-mail:[email protected]. 上海交通大学电子工程系,上海 2002402. 上海交通大学化学化工学院,上海 2002401. Department of Electronic Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China2. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai,200240, P. R. Chin
RPS23RG1 modulates tau phosphorylation and axon outgrowth through regulating p35 proteasomal degradation
Get PDFTau蛋白病（Tauopathies）是由过度磷酸化的tau蛋白聚集形成神经纤维缠结为特征的一类神经退行性疾病，包括阿尔茨海默病（Alzheimer’s disease, AD）、进行性核上性麻痹（Progressive superanuclear palsy, PSP）、额颞叶痴呆（Frontotemporal dementia, FTD）等。随着全球社会结构的老龄化，tau蛋白病患者比率迅速增加，给个人和社会带来巨大的经济及精神负担。厦门大学神经科学研究所张云武教授团队最新发现RPS23RG1（RR1）的胞内羧基端区域能够与Cdk5激酶的激活蛋白p35的氨基端相互作用，介导p35的膜定位并影响其泛素化降解，从而调控在tau蛋白异常磷酸化过程中发挥重要作用的Cdk5激酶的活性。团队研究表明RPS23RG1通过其胞内羧基端与p35相互作用，介导p35膜结合和降解，从而抑制Cdk5活性，平衡tau磷酸化水平，促进轴突生长。此外，RPS23RG1的跨膜区与腺苷酸环化酶AC相互作用，抑制GSK3-β活性，同样控制tau过度磷酸化。提示RPS23RG1是改善tau过度磷酸化水平及治疗tau蛋白病的潜在靶点。
厦门大学医学院神经科学研究所博士后赵东栋为该研究第一作者，张云武教授为通讯作者。【Abstract】Tauopathies are a group of neurodegenerative diseases characterized by hyperphosphorylation of the microtubule-binding protein, tau, and typically feature axon impairment and synaptic dysfunction. Cyclin-dependent kinase5 (Cdk5) is a major tau kinase and its activity requires p35 or p25 regulatory subunits. P35 is subjected to rapid proteasomal degradation in its membrane-bound form and is cleaved by calpain under stress to a stable p25 form, leading to aberrant Cdk5 activation and tau hyperphosphorylation. The type Ib transmembrane protein RPS23RG1 has been implicated in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, physiological and pathological roles for RPS23RG1 in AD and other tauopathies are largely unclear. Herein, we observed retarded axon outgrowth, elevated p35 and p25 protein levels, and increased tau phosphorylation at major Cdk5 phosphorylation sites in Rps23rg1 knockout (KO) mice. Both downregulation of p35 and the Cdk5 inhibitor roscovitine attenuated tau hyperphosphorylation and axon outgrowth impairment in Rps23rg1 KO neurons. Interestingly, interactions between the RPS23RG1 carboxyl-terminus and p35 amino-terminus promoted p35 membrane distribution and proteasomal degradation. Moreover, P301L tau transgenic (Tg) mice showed increased tau hyperphosphorylation with reduced RPS23RG1 levels and impaired axon outgrowth. Overexpression of RPS23RG1 markedly attenuated tau hyperphosphorylation and axon outgrowth defects in P301L tau Tg neurons. Our results demonstrate the involvement of RPS23RG1 in tauopathy disorders, and implicate a role for RPS23RG1 in inhibiting tau hyperphosphorylation through homeostatic p35 degradation and suppression of Cdk5 activation. Reduced RPS23RG1 levels in tauopathy trigger aberrant Cdk5-p35 activation, consequent tau hyperphosphorylation, and axon outgrowth impairment, suggesting that RPS23RG1 may be a potential therapeutic target in tauopathy disorders.This work was supported by grants from National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFC1305903 and 2018YFC2000400 to Y-wZ), National Natural Science Foundation of China (81771377, U1705285, 91332112, and 81225008 to Y-wZ), Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (20720180049 to Y-wZ), the Fujian Provincial Health Commission-Education Department Joint Tackling Plan (WKJ2016-2-18 to F-rL), and Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China (2020M671948 to DZ)
From the vacant,should-be to the reality:on the formation of macroeconomic regulation and control in China
No full text李文溥,厦门大学宏观经济研究中心/经济学院特聘教授、博士生导师；焦建华，厦门大学经济学院教授、博士生导师。【中文摘要】我国市场经济宏观调控的形成，是中国当代经济史中值得研究的问题之一。狭义宏观调控论认为宏观调控是指政府运用财政货币政策调节社会总供需，限于宏观层面，目标是实现充分就业、价格水平稳定、经济增长和国际收支平衡。以狭义的宏观经济调控概念为基准，可从经济思想转变、微观经济基础、市场化进程、政府经济管理体制以及宏观调控工具箱的构建，对中国 市场经济宏观调控的形成过程进行梳理。具体过程如下：1976—1991年为体制改革探索的茫然期，1992—1996年为确立改革目标后的应然向实然过渡期，1997年之后初步形成宏观经济调控的实然期。研究表明，中国市场经济的宏观调控初步形成于亚洲金融危机之后的1997—1999年。
【Abstract】Based on the narrow concept of macro-economic regulation and control，this paper discusses the formation of macro-economic regulation and control of China's market economy from the transition of economic thought，micro-economic basis，marketization process，government economic management system and the construction of macro-economic regulation toolbox.The thesis divides the period from the end of 1976 to 1999 into three stages: the blank period of the exploration of the system reform，the transition period to the reality after the establishment of the reform goal，and the reality period of the macro-economic regulation and control. and argues that the macro-regulation of the market economy was initially formed in China from 1997 to 1999 after the Asian financial crisis.教育部人文社科重点研究基地重大项目“中国跨入高收入经济体的增长动力研究”（19JJD790009)；国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国侨汇档案整理与研究（1915—1992) ” (19ZDA209
A Study of Dunhuang Dictionaries:From Yudui to Wenchang Xiuju
No full text王三庆，成功大学中国文学院荣休教授，文学博士。【中文摘要】从敦煌文献《语对》《文场秀句》的编制可以看出,中唐时期儿童学习词汇的类别和事类内容，既有从相似词组的训练以加深强化表述的意义，也有从相反词组的对比以扩大表述意义的范畴。毫无疑问，这都是对童蒙逻辑思维的训练方式，又是有条不紊的记忆安排，更是随身便于携带的辞典，也是提供课读时的检索备用。《文场秀句》除了具有这些辞组事类外，还有更高阶示 范为文的作用，教导学童如何利用这些事典，组成篇章。也因如此，唐五代此类小型的辞典类书十分盛行，更远传海外，成为国内到东亚各国学习汉文的童蒙教材。
【Abstract】From the compilation of Dunhuang documents Yudui and Wenchang Xiuju，it can be seen that in the mid-
Tang Dynasty，children's vocabulary learning categories and event content were derived not only from the training of similar phrases to deepen the meaning of expressions，but also from the contrast of opposite phrases to expand the scope of expressions. There is no doubt that these books were not only a way to develop children’s logical thinking，but also an orderly memory arrangement. They were not only portable dictionaries，but also retrieval reserves for class reading. In addition to these categories of words and events，Wenchang Xiuju had the function of a higher-level demonstration composition，which could teach children how to use these events for writing. Because of this，such miniature dictionaries of the Tang and Five Dynasties enjoyed great popularity. They spread abroad and became enlightenment books for children in East Asian countries to learn Chinese.国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国童蒙文化史研究” (16ZDA121
Life:The Indispensable Dimension and Element of the Proposition that “Literature Is the Study of Man”:As Demonstrated by the Deduction of the “Life Doctrine”in Taiwan and Mainland China
No full text朱双一，厦门大学台湾研究院教授、博士生导师；吴思捷，厦门大学台湾研究院博士研究生。【中文摘要】新时期以来，“文学是人学”命题广获接受，文学表现人性及其与现实社会、时代政治无关的纯艺术观点盛行。然而梳理相关理论概念的建构论争史，可知此类观点与长期形成的文坛基本共识——文学通过人生描写以表现人性——颇有距离。周作人基于人类进化观点建立了融合兽性和神性的人性观，以“人间本位主义”记录研究“人生诸问题”等表述，强调文学的社会性， 并将传统的“人生主义”视为中国文学发展的“木本水源”夏济安、夏志清兄弟将周氏“人的文学”理念传衍到台湾，提倡从新旧过渡时期的道德演变中展现复杂人性，主张以捕捉描写“人间的冲突悲苦”作为衡文准则，明确反对以审美形式、艺术性等作为评价标准。梁实秋的人性论具有两个版本:在台湾影响正面的“人生三境界”说与周作人相似，将人性定位于兽性与神性之间；早年与左翼作家争论而抛出抽象人性论，则暴露了梁实秋畏惧工农运动的阶级立场和悖离时代语境的思想弱点。相似一幕也曾在台湾文坛重演。上述过程丰富了中国新文学的经验宝库，其启示包括:“文学是人学”仅强调“人性”是不够的，须将“人生”描写作为其最主要的内涵和不可或缺的维度，如此才能趋近文学的本质规律，也切近20世纪中国文学的基本精神。
【Abstract】Since the beginning of the new period，the proposition that “literature is the study of man” has been widely accepted，while the view that literature reflecting humanity is pure art with no relation to society and politics has prevailed. Nevertheless，by analyzing the construction process of relevant theoretical concepts，we conclude that these opinions are different from the general consensus formed in the development of literary history which holds that literature reflects humanity through description of life. Zhou Zuoren put forward the viewpoint of humanity which integrates animality and divinity based on the viewpoint of human evolution，and he stressed the sociality of literature through research on the ahuman-world-oriented doctrine” and “kinds of questions associated with life”. Zhou regarded the traditional “life doctrine” as the root and source of the development of Chinese literature. The Hsia brothers brought Zhous concept of “human literature” to Taiwan. They proposed revealing complicated humanity from the evolution of morality during the transition period and regarding capture and description of “conflict and bitterness of the world” as the criterion for judging literature rather than as the evaluation standard of aesthetic form or artistry. There are two versions of Liang Shiqiu s theory of humanity. Liang's theory of “three states of life” defining humanity between animality and divinity has a positive influence in Taiwan and is similar to Zhou s theory of humanity. The concept of abstract humanity proposed by Liang when he debated with left-wing writers in his early years exposes Liangs class stance of fearing workers and peasants’movements，as well his ideological weakness of deviating from the background of the times. A similar scene has been re-acted in the literary world of Taiwan. The abovementioned process enriches the treasure trove of new Chinese literature，revealing that it is not enough to emphasize “humanity” only when we talk about the proposition that “literature is the study of man”；rather，we should take the description of “life” as the most important connotation and the most indispensable dimension. Only in this way can we approach the essence rule of literature and the fundamental spirit of the 20th-century Chinese literature.国家社会科学基金重大项目“六十年来台湾社会思潮的演进和人文学术的发展（1950—2010) ”(16ZDA138