45 research outputs found
Different Level, but a Similar Day Pattern of Physical Activity in Workers and Sick-Listed People With Chronic Nonspecific Musculoskeletal Pain
No full textReneman MF, de Vries RI, van den Hengel EJ, Brouwer S. van der Woude LH. Different level, but a similar day pattern of physical activity in workers and sick-listed people with chronic nonspecific musculoskeletal pain. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2012;93:1864-7. Objective: To investigate whether physical activity (PA) levels and day patterns of sick-listed workers with chronic nonspecific musculoskeletal pain (CMP) admitted for multidisciplinary rehabilitation are different from those of workers with CMP. Design: Cross-sectional. Setting: Outpatient rehabilitation center and general community. Participants: A convenience sample of sick-listed patients with CMP (n = 27) referred for multidisciplinary pain rehabilitation, and a volunteer sample of workers with CMP (n = 107; Intervention: Participants wore an accelerometer for 5 to 7 consecutive days. Main Outcome Measure: PA, expressed as activity counts. All analyses were corrected for confounders. Results: PA levels of workers with CMP were higher than those of sick-listed patients (P = .01). After correction for confounders, work status explained 3.5% of the variance observed in activity counts (F-change = 5.27, P=.024). In the mornings, group status significantly contributed to the variance in mean activity counts (F-change = 5.32, P = .02). In afternoons (F-change =3.29, P = .07) and evenings (F-change = 2.41, P = .12), the effect of group status on PA level was nonsignificant. No Significant interaction was observed between time and group status (Wilks' lambda = .92, F-14,F-104 = .66, P = .80). Conclusions: Workers with CMP have a higher PA level compared with sick-listed patients. The PA day pattern did not differ significantly between the 2 groups
The role of tread fixations in the visual control of stair walking
No full textAlthough it is likely that foveal information on treads provides important sensory cues for stair walking, it is unclear how gaze stabilization on treads contribute to gait control on stairs. The aim of this study was to determine the extent to which (i) stair walking depends on foveal information on stepped treads, (ii) fixated treads correspond to future foot landing locations, and (iii) the distance looked ahead varies with stepping distance. Gaze and foot position was monitored from six healthy young adults when they ascended and descended a 10 tread long staircase, taking the stairs one or two treads at a time. The results showed that 55-68% of the total fixation time was aimed at treads, and that tread edges were fixated more intensively during stair descent (69% of the total time spent fixating treads) than during stair ascent (48%). A substantial 28-34% of the stepped treads was never fixated and, when the staircase was taken two treads a time, approximately 35% of the fixated treads was never stepped on. Subjects fixated 3.5-4.5 treads ahead in both stepping conditions, but when the staircase was taken 2 treads a time, stepped treads were fixated shorter ahead (2.7-2.9 treads) than treads that were not stepped (3.4-4.1 treads). These results provide new insights into the visual control of stair walking, and suggest that the stabilization of gaze on treads is not used solely to guide foot placement, but may serve other purposes as well, e.g., to facilitate postural control on the staircase. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Association of Shoulder Problems in Persons With Spinal Cord Injury at Discharge From Inpatient Rehabilitation With Activities and Participation 5 Years Later
No full textObjective: To examine whether musculoskeletal shoulder pain and limitations in shoulder range of motion (ROM) at discharge from first rehabilitation are associated with activities and participation restrictions 5 years later in persons with spinal cord injury (SCI). Design: Prospective cohort study. Setting: Eight specialized SCI rehabilitation centers. Participants: Subjects (N=138) with an SCI admitted for first rehabilitation. Interventions: Not applicable. Main Outcome Measures: Peak power output (POpeak), Wheelchair Skills Test (WST), FIM motor score, ability to transfer, Physical Activity Scale for Individuals with Physical Disabilities (PASIPD), mobility range and social behavior subscales of the Sickness Impact Profile 68 (SIPSOC), and employment status. Results: Mean age of the subjects at discharge was 39 years, 72% were men, 32% had tetraplegia, and in 65% the SCI was motor complete. At discharge, 39% reported shoulder pain and 32% had a limited shoulder ROM. In the analyses of variance, shoulder ROM limitation, but not shoulder pain, was associated with all but 1 outcome at 5 years. In the regression analyses, ROM limitations of the shoulder were negatively associated with the ability to transfer (P=.004), FIM motor scores (P Conclusions: The presence of limitations in shoulder ROM, but not shoulder pain, at discharge is associated with limitations in activities and employment status 5 years later. (C) 2016 by the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicin
The Groningen Meander Walking Test: A Dynamic Walking Test for Older Adults With Dementia
Full text linkBACKGROUND: Current dynamic walking tests, used in studies with older adults with dementia, rely strongly on healthy cognitive and physical function. Therefore, the Groningen Meander Walking Test (GMWT) was developed specifically for people with dementia. The aim of the GMWT is to measure dynamic walking ability by walking over a meandering curved line, with an emphasis on walking speed and stepping accuracy, while changing direction. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility, test-retest reliability, and minimal detectable change (MDC) of the GMWT. DESIGN: A repeated-measures design was used. METHODS: Forty-two people with dementia participated in the study. Adherence rate, adverse events, repetition of instructions during test performance, test duration, and number of oversteps were assessed. RESULTS: The adherence rate was excellent, with no adverse events. No repetitive instructions were given during test performance, and test duration was short (mean=17.16 seconds) with few oversteps (mean=1.94 oversteps). Test-retest reliability for participants without a walking device was excellent for the GMWT time score (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC]=.942), with an MDC of 2.96 seconds. Test-retest reliability for participants with a 4-wheeled walker (4WW) was moderate (ICC=.837), with an MDC of 10.35 seconds. For the overstep score, a marginal ICC of .630 was found, with an MDC of 4.38 oversteps. LIMITATIONS: No fall data were available, and there was a volunteer bias. CONCLUSIONS: The GMWT is a feasible test for people with dementia. With the GMWT time score, a reliable and sensitive field test to measure walking abilities in older adults with dementia is available. The GMWT overstep score can be used to give information about the execution according to protocol and should be emphasized during the instructions. Future studies need to investigate the validity of the GMWT
Recommended measures for the assessment of cognitive and physical performance in older patients with dementia: a systematic review
Full text linkUNLABELLED: AIM/GOAL: To recommend a set of neuropsychological and physical exercise tests for researchers to assess cognition and physical fitness in clinical trials with older patients with dementia; to create consensus, decrease heterogeneity, and improve research quality. METHODS: A literature search (2005-2011) yielded 89 randomized controlled trials. To provide information on test recommendations the frequency of test use, effect size of the test outcome, study quality, and psychometric properties of tests were analyzed. RESULTS: Fifty-nine neuropsychological tests (cognitive domains: global cognition, executive functioning, memory, and attention) and 10 exercise tests (physical domains: endurance capacity, muscle strength, balance, and mobility) were found. CONCLUSION: The Severe Impairment Battery, Mini Mental State Examination, and Alzheimer Disease Assessment Scale - cognitive subscale were recommended to measure global cognition. The Verbal Fluency Test Category/Letters, Clock Drawing Test, and Trail Making Test-B were recommended to measure executive functioning. No specific memory test could be recommended. The Digit Span Forward, Digit Span Backward, and Trail Making Test-A were recommended to measure attention. As physical exercise tests, the Timed Up and Go and Six Meter Walk for mobility, the Six Minute Walk Distance for endurance capacity, and the Tinetti Balance Scale were recommended
Trajectories in the Course of Body Mass Index After Spinal Cord Injury. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation
No full textObjective To identify different trajectories of the course of body mass index (BMI) after spinal cord injury (SCI) and to study whether other cardiovascular risk factors (blood pressure, lipid profile) follow the same trajectories. Design Multicenter prospective cohort study with measurements at the start of active rehabilitation, after 3 months, at discharge, and 1 and 5 years after discharge. Setting Rehabilitation centers. Participants Persons with a recent SCI (N=204). Interventions Not applicable. Main Outcome Measure BMI trajectories. Results Three BMI trajectories were identified: (1) a favorable stable BMI during and after rehabilitation (±22-23kg/
Longitudinal association between lifestyle and coronary heart disease risk factors among individuals with spinal cord injury
Full text linkObjective: To investigate: (1) the course of coronary heart disease risk factors (lipid profiles and body mass index (BMI)) in the first five years after discharge from inpatient spinal cord injury (SCI) rehabilitation and (2) the association between lifestyle (physical activity, self-care related to fitness, smoking, alcohol, body mass and low-fat diet) and coronary heart disease risk factors during that period. Design: Prospective cohort study. Participants/methods: Individuals with SCI (N = 130). Total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglycerides (TG) and BMI were determined at discharge from inpatient rehabilitation and 1 and 5 years after discharge. Using multilevel regression models, the effects of lifestyle (drinking alcohol, smoking, active lifestyle and self-care) on the lipid profiles and BMI were determined. Results: After correction for lesion and personal characteristics, no changes in lipid profiles in the five years after discharge were seen, whereas the BMI increased significantly with 1.8 kg m(-2). A high percentage was at risk of cardiovascular disease due to high BMI (63-75%) or HDL (66-95%). The individuals who indicated to maintain their fitness level as good as possible and the individuals with a low BMI showed better lipid profiles. Individuals with a more active lifestyle showed higher HDL levels. Individuals who avoid smoking showed a 1.5 kg m(-2) higher BMI. Conclusion: Lipid profiles seem to stabilize in the years after discharge from inpatient SCI rehabilitation, whereas the BMI increased. Lifestyle factors associated with a favorable lipid profile and BMI could be identified. Spinal Cord (2013) 51, 314-318; doi:10.1038/sc.2012.153; published online 4 December 2012
