1,720,963 research outputs found
Homosexual men's experiences of paternal relationships during the sexual identity formation period
No full textEnglish: In this study, homosexual men’s experiences of paternal relationships during their sexual identity development period were explored. An array of published articles explored and attempted to understand the development of homosexual identities. To this day, dissimilar attitudes, conflicting opinions, and ambivalent beliefs about homosexual individuals continues globally. Little research has been done on the experiences homosexual men had with their fathers during their sexual identity formation period. This study is based on Vivienne Cass’s model of homosexual identity development. Cass hypothesises that homosexual men progress through six phases during their homosexual identity formation period: identity confusion, identity comparison, identity tolerance, identity acceptance, identity pride, and identity synthesis. A multiple case study design was employed, and seven participants were recruited using purposive, homogeneous sampling. An individual semi-structured interview was conducted with each participant, during which they had the opportunity to reflect on their paternal relationships during their sexual identity formation period. The data was analysed by using thematic analysis, by reconstructing their experiences into main and subthemes. From the data analysis, five main themes emerged: a) a developmental progression in homosexual identity formation; b) the role of paternal relationship in homosexual identity formation; c) discrepancies between anticipated and actual paternal responses within the process of disclosure; d) acceptance of homosexuality by both father and son, and e) stigma, prejudice, and discrimination influence the process of paternal disclosure. This research study aimed to fill the gap in the literature about father-son relationships during homosexual identity development. The findings can contribute to a growing body of literature on the applicability of Cass’s model of homosexual identity development for a South African population. The insights gained from the research findings emphasise the importance of inter- and intrapersonal conflicts during homosexual identity development, focussing specifically on the need for paternal support, understanding, and acceptance after homosexual identity disclosure.Afrikaans: In hierdie studie is homoseksuele mans se ervarings van vaderlike verhoudings tydens die tydperk van seksuele-identiteitsvorming ondersoek. ‘n Verskeidenheid gepubliseerde artikels het die ontwikkeling van homoseksuele identiteite ondersoek en probeer verstaan. Tot vandag bestaan daar egter wêreldwyd uiteenlopende houdings, teenstrydige menings en ambivalente oortuigings oor homoseksuele individue. Beperkte navorsing bestaan oor die ervarings wat homoseksuele mans met hul vaders gehad het tydens hul seksuele identiteitsvorming. Hierdie studie is gebaseer op Vivienne Cass se model van homoseksuele-identiteitsontwikkeling. Cass hipotetiseer dat homoseksuele mans deur ses fases gaan tydens hul homoseksuele identiteitsvorming. Die ses fases is identiteitsverwarring, identiteitsvergelyking, identiteitsverdraagsaamheid, identiteitsaanvaarding, identiteitstrots en identiteitsintese. 'n Meervoudigegevallestudie-ontwerp is gebruik, en sewe deelnemers is gewerf deur doelgerigte, homogene steekproefneming. 'n Individuele, semi-gestruktureerde onderhoud is met elke deelnemer gevoer, waartydens hulle die geleentheid gegun is om na te dink oor hul vaderlike verhoudings tydens die tydperk van hul seksuele identitieitsvorming. Die data is met behulp van tematiese analise ontleed, en die deelnemers se ervarings is in hoof- en subtemas vervat. Uit die dataontleding het vyf hooftemas ontstaan: a) ‘n ontwikkelingsprogressie in die vorming van homoseksuele identiteit; b) die rol van vaderlike verhouding in homoseksuele identiteitsvorming; c) proses van bekendmaking, met verskille tussen verwagte en werklike vaderlike reaksies; d) aanvaarding van homoseksualiteit deur beide vader en seun, en e) stigma, vooroordeel en diskriminasie beïnvloed die proses van die bekendmaking aan vaders. Hierdie navorsingstudie het probeer om die gaping in die literatuur oor vader-seunverhoudings tydens homoseksuele identiteitsontwikkeling te vul; en die bevindinge kan ook bydra tot die groeiende versameling literatuur oor die toepaslikheid van Cass se model van homoseksuele identiteitsontwikkeling op 'n Suid-Afrikaanse bevolking. Die insig verkry uit die navorsingsbevindings beklemtoon die belangrikheid van inter- en intrapersoonlike konflikte tydens ontwikkeling van ‘n homoseksuele identiteit, spesifiek met betrekking tot die behoefte aan vaderlike ondersteuning, begrip en aanvaarding na bekendmaking van homoseksuele identiteit
Uniform multiconductor transmission lines above a dissipative earth : direct FDTD analysis and experimental validation
No full textDissertation Ph.D(Ing) -- University of Stellenbosch, 1998.One copy microfiche.Full text to be digitised and attached to bibliographic record
Experiments on electromagnetic fields and waves
Get PDFThesis (M. Ing.) -- University of Stellenbosch, 1995
A neoformalist analysis of the intersections of cinematic technique and musical performance
Get PDFAbstract: Please refer to full text to view abstract.M.A. (Audiovisual Communication
The impact of mechanical log surface damage on fibre loss and chip quality when processing Eucalyptus pulpwood using a single-grip harvester
Get PDFThesis (MScFor)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Mechanised harvesting operations are growing in popularity in South Africa, as motor-manual and manual harvesting operations pose significant health and safety risks to workers. Potential damage inflicted by single grip harvester feed rollers and delimbing knives on the log surface during debranching and debarking eucalypts, may affect fibre recovery and chip quality. Chip quality is important as it influences pulp quality and recovery in the kraft pulping process. The study investigated the influence of two mechanised debarking treatments in eucalypts (three feed roller passes and five feed roller passes along the stem surface) with feed roller induced log surface damage on chip uniformity, size, purity and wood fibre loss. The two mechanised treatments were compared against chips produced from manually debarked logs. In addition, the effect of two log drying periods (one week and two weeks) and three log sections (base, middle and top logs) on chip quality were also analysed. An economic evaluation was conducted to quantify potential recoverable pulp value losses associated with debarking treatments and log drying periods.
Logs subject to manual debarking produced significantly less undesired sized chips than both three pass and five pass mechanically debarked logs. Potential recoverable pulp revenue for chips produced from five pass and three pass mechanically debarked logs were valued at R 60.54 BDt-1 and R 50.90 BDt-1 less than wood chips produced from manually debarked logs. Two week dried logs produced significantly less under-sized chips than chips produced from one week dried logs. However, two week dried logs produced wood chips with significantly more over-thick chips than logs dried for one week. The volume of undesirable sized chips produced during chipping increased with decreasing log size. Potential recoverable pulp revenue for chips produced from one week dried logs were valued at R 137.90 BDt-1 less than chips produced from two week dried logs.
Manually debarked logs produced chips with significantly less bark content than three pass mechanically debarked logs (0.008 % vs 0.062 %). Five pass mechanically debarked logs produced chips with significantly less bark content than three pass mechanically debarked logs (0.018 % vs 0.062 %). Middle logs also produced chips with significantly less bark content than base logs (0.016 % vs 0.056 %). Top logs produced chips with significant less bark content than base logs (0.017 % vs 0.056 %). In all cases the bark content was considerably less than the maximum of 1.0 % generally specified by kraft pulp mills. Both three pass and five pass mechanically debarked trees caused significant fibre losses of 2.6 m3 ha-1 and 5.1 m3 ha-1 respectively. Wood fibre losses in terms of total extractable wood volume for three and five pass mechanically debarked trees were 0.8 % and 1.6 % respectively.AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Meganiese-houtontginningsoperasies is besig om te groei in populariteit omdat ontginnings operasies (waar ontginning en ontbassing met die hand toegepas word) geweldige gesondheids-en veligheidsrisiko’s tot gevolg het. Potensiële skade aan die oppervlakte van stompe, veroorsaak deur enkelgreepontginnerdeurvoeringsrollers en onttakkingsmesse tydens onttakking en ontbassing van eucalypts, mag ‘n invloed hê op die hoeveelheid houtvesel wat verlore gaan sowel as aan die kwaliteit van die houtskyfies. Die produksie van goeie kwaliteit houtskyfies is belangrik, omdat dit die kwaliteit en omset van die pulp tydens die “kraft” pulpproses sal beïnvloed. Die studie het die invloed van twee meganiese ontginningbehandelings van die eucalypts (waar die deurvoeringsrollers drie keer oor die stomp oppervlakte beweeg het en waar die deurvoeringsrollers vyf keer oor die stomp oppervlakte beweeg het), en die skade wat aan stompoppervlaktes aangerig is deur die ontginnerdeurvoeringsrollers, ondersoek. Die studie ondersoek hoe die ontginningbehandelings die grootte, uniformiteit en suiwerheid van houtskyfies beïnvloed asook die hoeveelheid houtvesel wat verlore gaan tydens hierdie behandeling(e). Die houtskyfies wat geproduseer is tydens die meganiese-ontginde stompe is vergelyk met die houtskyfies wat geproduseer is van stompe wat met die hand ontbas is. Die studie ondersoek ook twee afsonderlike stompdrogingsperiodes (stompe wat afsonderlik gedroog is vir een en twee weke) en drie verkillende stompporsies van die boom (basis-, middel-en topstompe) en hoe dit die kwaliteit van die geproduseerde houtskyfies beïnvloed. ‘n Ekonomiese analise is toegepas op die potensiële finasiële waarde van pulp wat verlore gaan a.g.v. verskillende ontbassingstegnieke en stompdrogingsperiodes.
Stompe wat met die hand ontbas is, het opmerklik minder onder-grootte houtskyfies (te klein vir pulpproduksie) geproduseer in vergelyking met die stompe wat meganies ontbas is (waar die deurvoeringsroller buide drie en vyf keer oor die stomp oppervlakte beweeg het). Potensiële finansiële inkomste deur die ontginbare pulp van houtskyfies geproduseer deur die meganiese ontbaste stompe (waar deurvoerings rollers beide vyf en drie keer oor die stomp se oppervlakte beweeg het), het ‘n waarde van R 60.54 BDt-1 en R 50.90 BDt-1 onderskeidelik gelewer. Stompe wat gedroog is vir twee weke het opmerklik minder houtskyfies (te klein vir pulpproduksie) geproduseer as stompe wat vir een week gedroog is. Die hoeveelheid van ongewensde grootte houtskyfies wat geproduseer is, het toegeneem met ‘n afname in stompgrootte. Potensiële finansiële inkomste deur die ontginbare pulp van houtskyfies geproduseer deur die stompe wat vir een week gedroog is, beloop R 137.90 BDt-1 minder as houtskyfies wat geproduseer is van stompe wat vir twee weke gedroog is.
Stompe wat met die hand ontbas is, het houtskyfies geproduseer met opmerklik minder basinhoud as houtskyfies wat geproduseer is van stompe wat meganies ontbas is (was waar die deurvoerings rollers drie keer oor die stomp oppervlakte beweeg het)(0.008 % teenoor 0.062 %). Houtskyfies wat geproduseer is van meganiese ontbaste stompe (waar die deurvoerings rollers vyf keer oor die stomp oppervlakte beweeg het), het ook opmerklik minder basinhoud gehad as houtskyfies wat geproduseer is van meganiese ontbaste stompe (waar die deurvoeringsrollers drie keer oor die stompoppervlakte beweeg het)(0.018 % teenoor 0.062 %). Houtskyfies geproduseer van middelporsiestompe het minder basinhoud gehad as houtskyfies geproduseer van basisporsiestompe (0.016 % teenoor 0.056 %). Topporsiestompe het ook houtskyfies geproduseer met minder basinhoud as basisporsiestompe (0.017 % teenoor 0.056 %). In al die bogenoemde gevalle is die houtskyfiebasinhoud geweldig laer as die houtskyfiebasinhoudspesifikasies van “kraft” pulp meule wat ‘n basinhoud van 1.0 % vereis.
Beide meganiese-ontbassingstegnieke (waar deurvoeringsrollers beide drie en vyf keer oor die stompoppervlakte beweeg het), het onderskeidelik 2.6 m3 ha-1 en 5.1 m3 ha-1 houtvesel verloor. In terme van die totale persentasie van ontginbare houtvesel wat per boom verlore gegaan het, het meganiese ontbaste bome (waar deurvoeringsrollers drie keer en vyf keer oor die stomp oppervlakte beweeg het) onderskeidelik 0.8 % en 1.6 % van die boom se houtvolume verlore laat gaan.Master
The impact of altitude, soil geology, and soil depth on Pinus patula solid wood properties for structural timber and plywood production
No full textClimate is known to impact the growth of plantation forests in South Africa. To characterize the conditions, this study developed temperature and rainfall models for specific plantations in the Lowveld Escarpment and Highveld forestry regions of South Africa. The local climate models use a finer scale than world climate models, and they improve the understanding of how terrain features impact regional climate and historic tree growth. In addition, the finer scale models give insights into the relationship between the local terrain condition and regional climate.
Plantation forests were originally established in South Africa to meet an increasing demand for solid wood products as there was a limited supply from native forests. The majority of the commercial softwood plantations were established with Mexican Pinus patula. Since growing conditions are known to impact tree growth, tree form, and wood quality of P. patula, sample plots were established over a cross-section of plantations in the Lowveld Escarpment and Highveld forestry regions of South Africa that covered an array of geologies and altitudes. Soil, growing days, and temperature were found to have little impact on tree form and wood properties. However, rainfall and specifically, spring rainfall, was found to have a highly significant impact on late wood formation, proportion of juvenile core, and wood density. In addition, tree height was found to be strongly correlated with maximum annual temperature.
Veneer derived from Lowveld trees had more splitting, which was largely related to defects. Larger trees also had a greater volumetric heartwood percentage and had a smaller live crown height portion, compared to smaller trees. Highveld trees also had greater net veneer recovery and produced better quality veneer than trees grown on the Lowveld.
Annual maximum temperature and tree height had a negative relationship with the recovered lumber properties and dimensional stability. Spring rainfall appears to be the most important factor influencing lumber twist and this was possibly due to the associated larger juvenile core present in the trees.Forestry, Faculty ofGraduat
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
The impact of log storage time, log size and steaming time on the veneer quality of Pinus elliottii & Pinus taeda
Get PDFThesis (MScFor)--Stellenbosch University, 2024.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Plywood producers in South Africa historically used P. patula for veneer production. More recently, however, it became impossible to plant P. patula at lower altitudes, because of the fungal pathogen Fusarium circinatum, which causes high mortality soon after planting. Hybrids between P. patula and P. tecunumanii are now planted in these areas, and until they come into commercial production, P. elliottii and P. taeda are used as alternatives. There are increasing volumes of these two species that need to be optimized for veneer production in the coming years, while waiting for the hybrids to reach rotation age. The main question is whether the wood from different species can be processed under similar conditions as P. patula, or if species-specific processing production protocols are required.
This study investigates how log storage time, steaming time and log size (diameter class) impact the veneer quality of P. elliottii and P. taeda. Twelve different treatments, varying the three factors (log storage time, steaming time and log size) were compared within and between species. The resultant veneer from each treatment was analysed to see how the three factors impact wet recovery, peeler waste components, dryer throughput and quality recovery.
The study revealed significant differences in wet recovery between the two pine species, primarily due to their taper properties, with larger logs demonstrating better wet recovery for both species. Extended log storage negatively impacted wet recovery as blue stains were often mistaken for wane, resulting in unnecessary rounding up of logs. Logs subjected to longer storage times resulted in lower veneer grades after drying compared to those processed four weeks after felling. Steaming improved peeling performance, enhancing veneer quality despite not directly affecting wet recovery. Increasing steaming time from 8 hours to 12 hours did not have a clear impact on wet recovery, but it significantly improved the quality of the recovered veneer after drying for both species in both fresh and older logs. Larger logs generally achieved better veneer grades due to less knots, while logs stored for longer periods experienced more downgrades caused by blue stain and splitting, likely due to moisture loss.AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Laaghoutprodusente in Suid-Afrika het histories P. patula vir fineerproduksie gebruik. Meer onlangs
het dit egter onmoontlik geword om P. patula op laer hoogtes te plant, as gevolg van die
swampatogeen Fusarium circinatum, wat ‘n hoë mortaliteitsyfer veroorsaak, kort na aanplanting.
Basters tussen P. patula en P. tecunumanii word nou in hierdie gebiede geplant. Totdat hulle in
kommersiële produksie kom, word P. elliottii en P. taeda as ‘n alternatief gebruik. Toenemende
volumes van hierdie twee spesies moet geoptimaliseer word vir fineerproduksie, terwyl die baster
spesies nog nie produksieouderdom bereik het nie. Die hoofvraag is of die hout van verskillende
spesies onder soortgelyke toestande as P. patula verwerk kan word, en of spesiespesifieke
verwerkingsproduksieprotokolle vereis word.
Hierdie studie ondersoek hoe stoortyd, stoomtyd en stompgrootte (deursneeklas) die fineerkwaliteit
van P. elliottii en P. taeda beïnvloed. Twaalf verskillende behandelinge, wat die drie faktore
(houtstoortyd, stoomtyd en stompgrootte) wissel, is binne en tussen spesies vergelyk. Die
gevolglike fineer van elke behandeling is ontleed om te sien hoe die drie faktore, naamlik nat
volume behoud, skillerafvalkomponente, droërdeurset en kwaliteitbehoud beïnvloed.
Die studie het beduidende verskille in nat volume behoud tussen die twee dennespesies aan die lig
gebring, hoofsaaklik as gevolg van hul tapse eienskappe, met groter stompe wat beter nat volume
behoud vir beide spesies toon. Verlengde stompberging het nat volume behoud negatief beïnvloed,
aangesien blou vlekke dikwels verwar is met afneem, wat gelei het tot onnodige afronding van
stompe. Stompe wat aan langer bergtye onderwerp is, het gelei tot laer fineergrade na droging in
vergelyking met dié wat vier weke na afkap verwerk is. Stoombehandeling het afskilverrigting en
fineerkwaliteit verbeter, dit nie nat volume behoud direk beïnvloed het nie nie. Stoombehandeling
verlenging van 8 tot 12 ure het nie ‘n beduidende impak gehad op nat volume behoud nie, maar dit
het die kwaliteit van die fineer, na droog, vir beide spesies, in beide vars asook ouers stompe
verbeter. Groter stompe het oor die algemeen beter fineergrade behaal as gevolg van minder knope,
terwyl stompe wat vir langer tydperke gestoor is, meer afgraderings ervaar het as gevolg van blou
vlek en skeuring, waarskynlik as gevolg van vogverlies.Master
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