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The effects of sexism and racism on American migrants’ hourly wages
No full textIn this paper, we study how sexist and racist beliefs, as reported in the General Social Survey affect the hourly wages of American whites and blacks whose state of work differs from their state of birth. Ordinary least squares and Two-stage least squares estimates show that higher levels of sexism and racism where individuals were born (background sexism) negatively impact the hourly wages of black and white men and women but that sexism (racism) particularly affects black women’s (white and black men’s) wages. We argue that background sexism influences wages through internalized sexist beliefs during individuals’ formative years. Particularly for black women, and internalized racism a more negative factor for white and black men’s hourly wages. Finally, we find that white women’s wages benefit the most from or are the least negatively impacted by higher levels of sexism and racism in this demographic’s state of work (market sexism and racism). Moreover, black women are the demographic whose wages are negatively impacted to the greatest extent by gender prejudices in their state of work
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Essays in Applied Economics
No full textThis dissertation consists of three exercises in economics
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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Essays on Housing Policy
No full textI study the effects of housing policies on housing supply, land use across space, and
households’ welfare. In Chapter 1, I study the impact of transit-oriented development
incentives on multifamily housing development. I leverage the implementation of Los
Angeles’s Transit-Oriented Communities (TOC) incentive program as a natural experiment.
Introduced in 2017, TOC streamlined the entitlement process for and granted density
bonuses to qualifying projects near major transit stops. Using novel, project-level data
covering applications, approvals, and permits from 2004 to 2023, I document a sharp
increase in development proposals following the program’s rollout. However, this increase
in applications did not translate into a rise in the rate of new housing supply. The program
did shift the composition of new development: TOC projects were more likely to include
income-restricted units and be located in lower-income, renter-occupied neighborhoods.
Using a structural framework and estimated approval probabilities, I show that TOC enabled
projects that would have faced lower approval chances or higher appeal risk under the
previous discretionary regime. These findings highlight how procedural streamlining can
shift the type and location of urban development, even if aggregate supply effects are
limited.
In Chapter 2, I quantify the environmental externalities of land development at the
urban edge. Human activity is the primary cause of wildfires in California, suggesting
that land development increases the probability of ignition, thereby creating environmental
externalities. Using geospatial data, I estimate a concave relationship between housing development and the probability of wildfire ignition. Converting 2.5 acres of wildland into
low-density development at the urban edge increases the annual probability of wildfire
ignition by 0.34-0.67 percentage points, compared to an average yearly probability of 1.74
percent. At higher levels of development, additional developed land does not increase
the probability of ignition. The probability of ignition decreases at higher rates of land
development under weaker drought conditions. Each new housing unit near an ignition
site generates up to 22-$38/month within two years of
policy implementation, with larger increases in areas with higher baseline eviction rates. We
do not find evidence that landlords adjusted on other margins, such as tenant screening or
improvements to habitability. Guided by these results, we develop a framework to evaluate
the policy’s welfare implications for tenants, incorporating the trade-off between protection
from eviction and higher rent prices. We quantify the parameters of our framework using
linked data on eviction court cases, rental housing listings, and tenant earnings trajectories.
Despite the direct benefits and insurance value of stronger eviction protections, the estimated
price increases are large enough to generate a small net reduction in ex-ante tenant welfare.Economic
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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