130 research outputs found
The time-course of alpha neurofeedback training effects in healthy participants
No full textThe time-course of alpha neurofeedback training (NFT) was investigated in 18 healthy participants who received 15 sessions of training (eyes open), each consisting of three training periods (data are from Van Boxtel et al., 2012). Here we report on the within- and between-session training effects using multilevel analyses. Over sessions, total alpha power (8–12 Hz) increased up to the tenth session, after which low alpha power (8–10 Hz) remained at the same level, while high alpha power (10–12 Hz) decreased. Within each training session, total alpha power increased from the first to the second period, and then decreased again. This decrease, however, was caused by a decrease in high alpha power only; low alpha power remained up to the end of training. These effects are discussed in terms of attention and motivation, and suggest different trainability for low and high alpha power
Opslag en uitwisseling van psychofysiologische meetgegevens: het European Data Format (EDF)
No full textMediofrontal negativities to averted gains and losses in the slot-machine task: a further investigation
No full textIn a previous study we addressed the question whether a feedback-related negativity (FRN) can be elicited by outcomes that are not contingent on any preceding choice or action (Donkers, Nieuwenhuis, & Van Boxtel, 2005). Participants took part in a simple slot-machine task in which they experienced monetary gains and losses in the absence of responses. In addition, they performed a time estimation task often used to study the FRN, and a flanker task known to elicit the error-related negativity (Ne/ERN). Outcomes in the slot-machine task elicited a medioftontal negativity whose amplitude correlated with the amplitude of the FRN associated with negative feedback in the time estimation task. However, the mediofrontal negativity was observed both for (unfavorable) outcomes that averted a gain and for (favorable) outcomes that averted a loss of money, a finding that is inconsistent with previous FRN research. In the present study we examined the similarity between the medioftontal negativity observed in the slot-machine task and the frequency-sensitive N2. We manipulated the overall frequency of obtaining gains and losses in the slot-machine task and compared the negativities on averted gains and losses across the different trial probabilities. The results showed that larger feedback-related negativities were elicited by unexpected unfavorable outcomes than by expected unfavorable outcomes
Differential Involvement of the anterior cingulate cortex in performance monitoring during a stop-signal task
No full textBrain wave concomitants of cross-cultural differences in scores on simple cognitive tasks
No full textInterpretations of cross-cultural differences in performance on cognitive tasks tend to rely on broad concepts, such as general intelligence or cultural modes of thinking. In this study, the authors examine two proximate parameters, stimulus complexity and task exposure, using reaction time (RT) and event-related brain potentials (ERPs) recorded during various tasks. Five tasks differed in complexity but had similar stimulus content; one task had stimuli of different appearance. Test trials were administered across three days. Participants were trained on most tasks for two days. There were three samples, rural Venda youngsters in South Africa with little schooling, Venda university students, and Dutch university students. Cross-cultural differences in RT increased with task complexity and decreased with exposure. Substantial correspondence was found between patterns of RT and latency of the N2, an ERP component related to stimulus categorization. Our results fit an explanation in terms of task familiarity. Implications for culture-cognition relationships are discussed
Is the locus of response inhibition central and/or peripheral? ERP data from go/non-go, stop, and change paradigms
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