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Postural loads during walking after an imbalance of occlusion created with unilateral cotton rolls
No full textAbstract Background It was showed that stomatognathic functions correlate with alterations in locomotion, that are detectable through the analysis of loading during walking. For example, subjects with symptoms of Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) showed a significant higher load pressure on the two feet, respect to health subjects, when cotton rolls were inserted. This previous study appeared to suggest that the alteration of postural loads associated to a particular alteration of stomatognathic condition (in this case, the cotton rolls inserted between the two dental arches) is detectable only in TMD's subjects, while it resulted not detectable in health subjects, because in that study, health subjects did not show any significant alteration of postural loads related to the different stomatognathic tested conditions. In other words, in that previous study, in the group of health subjects, no significant difference in postural loads was observed among the different test conditions; while TMD subjects showed a significant higher load pressure on the two feet when cotton rolls were inserted, respect to all the other tested conditions. Thus, the aim of this study was to better investigate these correlations in health subjects without TMD's symptoms, testing other different intra-oral conditions, and to verifywhether an experimentally induced imbalance of occlusion, obtained putting an unilateral cotton roll, could cause an alteration of postural loading on feet during walking. Findings In a sample of thirty Caucasian adult females (mean age 28.5 ± 4.5), asymptomatic for TMDs, when a cotton roll was positioned on the left or the right sides of dental arches, so causing a lateral shift of the mandible, the percentage of loading and the loading surface of the ipsi-lateral foot, left or right, were found to be significantly lower than in habitual occlusion (p Conclusions This study showed that in health subjects without TMD's symptoms, an experimentally induced imbalance of the occlusion, obtained through an unilateral cotton roll, is associated to detectable alterations in the distribution of loading on feet surface, during walking.</p
Do skeletal cephalometric characteristics correlate with condylar volume, surface and shape? A 3D analysis
Full text linkObjective: The purpose of this study was to determine the condylar volume in subjects with different mandibular divergence and skeletal class using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and analysis software. Materials and methods: For 94 patients (46 females and 48 males; mean age 24.3 +/- 6.5 years), resultant rendering reconstructions of the left and right temporal mandibular joints (TMJs) were obtained. Subjects were then classified on the base of ANB angle the GoGn-SN angle in three classes (I, II, III). The data of the different classes were compared. Results: No significant difference was observed in the whole sample between the right and the left sides in condylar volume. The analysis of mean volume among low, normal and high mandibular plane angles revealed a significantly higher volume and surface in low angle subjects (p < 0.01) compared to the other groups. Class III subjects also tended to show a higher condylar volume and surface than class I and class II subjects, although the difference was not significant. Conclusions: Higher condylar volume was a common characteristic of low angle subjects compared to normal and high mandibular plane angle subjects. Skeletal class also appears to be associated to condylar volume and surface
Poor oral habits and malocclusions after usage of orthodontic pacifiers: An observational study on 3-5 years old children
No full textDENTAL ARCHES DIMENSIONS IN 5-6 YEAR OLD CHILDREN AFFECTED BY OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNOEA. AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY
No full textThe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) can be clinically managed in small children with late
primary dentition. The rationale of this approach is to prevent several morphological changes in
craniofacial structure of children.
At that age, OSAS is already be associated to some abnormal skeletal and soft tissues features, that also
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involve the oral region, and it is assumed that the severity of this disease could have a considerable
influence on the appearance and the severity of anatomical changes. But, to better illuminate this
influence, there aren’t any specific data on the anatomy of oral region in subjects with OSAS at late
primary dentition stage.
Thus, the aim of this study is to investigate the dimensions of the upper and lower arches in children
affected by OSAS with different levels of obstruction severity.
Subject 27 caucasian children (14 males, 13 females; mean age 6, range 5.2-6.1 years) with a diagnosis of
OSAS made by polysomnographic analysis were enrolled. The dimensions of the dental arches were
measured by adopting the Moorrees method on the upper and lower dental casts, and data were
compared among children affected by severe, moderate and mild OSAS.
Result Average values of intermolar (Im) and intercanine (Ic) widths were significantly higher in children with
severe OSAS than in children with moderate, or mild OSAS
Conclusion Comparing data with normal ranges, OSAS seems not to severely affect the dental arches dimensions at
this age range (late primary dentition stage). But children affected by a severe level of OSAS tend to
show a higher intermolar diameter compared to the moderate group and the mild group, and a higher
intercanine diameter compared to the moderate group.
These observations give strength to the rationale of a clinical management of OSAS in children with late
primary dentition, to preserve their normal dental arches dimensions before assisting to subsequent
abnormal changes due to OSAS, mostly expected for children affected by a severe disease (AHI>10
Rapid Maxillary Expansion in Pediatric Patients with Sleep-Disordered Breathing: Cephalometric Variations in Upper Airway’s Dimension
Full text linkRapid maxillary expansion (RME) is considered an effective treatment in the management of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and malocclusions in pediatric patients, not only because it is able to correct the transverse maxillary deficiency, but it also widens the floor of the nasal cavities, leading to a drastic and immediate reduction in air resistance and facilitating a normal nasal breathing pattern. The aim of this study was to evaluate cephalometric changes in the upper airway’s dimensions and facial morphology in pediatric SDB patients treated with RME, comparing data with a no-SDB group treated with RME for malocclusion. In this retrospective study, pre-treatment and post-treatment cephalometric variables were measured on lateral skull radiographs from 20 SDB pediatric patients (nine males and 11 females) aged 6 to 9 years (mean age 7.61 ± 0.6), treated with a rapid maxillary expander, and 20 control patients without SDB (nine males and 11 females) aged 6 to 11 years (mean age 8.4 ± 0.5). In both groups, there were statistically significant changes in the variables indicating the airway’s dimensions and mandibular sagittal position in relation to the cranial base, with a skeletal class II correction in SDB children. Rapid maxillary expansion is associated with an increase in upper-airway dimensions in SDB children, as well as in control healthy subjects, with a possible correction of class II relationship
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Upper Airway Volume After Le Fort III Advancement in Subjects With Craniofacial Malformation
No full textAim: There are no quantitative standards for the volumetric measurements of the airway space after Le Fort III advancement. Computed tomographic (CT) scans have provided the opportunity to compare with the accuracy of real anatomic changes, thus the functional improvements, resulting after a surgical treatment. Materials and Methods: Three-dimensional CT scans processed by Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine files in Dolphin 3D software were used to assess the airway space volume in 4 subjects affected by craniofacial syndromic malformations treated with Le Fort III advancement. The preoperative (T(0)) and postoperative (T(1): 6 mo after surgery) three-dimensional craniofacial CT scans of the subjects were collected and retrospectively analyzed. Image segmentation of the anatomic structures of interest and the three-dimensional graphic rendering were done by using the Dolphin Imaging Plus 11.0 software. Results: The airway space volume was significantly increased after surgery (mean [SD]: from 9166.57 [1861.48] mm(3) to 15,300.45 [5114.09] mm(3); P < 0.01). The sagittal surfaces had an expansion from 798.92 (74.88) to 1151.45 (218.47) mm(2). The coronal surfaces grew from 226.75 (62.85) to 390.42 (102.21) mm(2), and axial surfaces increased 473.32 (62.34) to 676.00 (151.07) mm(2) from T(0) to T(1). Conclusions: In conclusion, this study showed an increase in the upper airway space volume in white subjects after Le Fort III advancement
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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