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Discursive perspectives on knowledge dissemination in corporate and professional communication: focus on ethical and ideological aspects.
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Translation Issues from Italian to English: A Pilot Study of Three Companies’ Financial Statements
No full textChapter Six, authored by Sergio Pizziconi, Walter Giordano, and Laura Di Ferrante, concerns translation problems that companies may encounter with the translation of financial statements, and highlights the absence of shared terms for accounting, which continues to pose problems for translators of financial statements from Italian into English, with unresolved implications for companies that choose or are obliged to Language for Specific Purposes translate their financial statements into English and must therefore harmonise their statements with both international and national
regulations. The Chapter analyses the financial statements that three Italian companies publish both in English and in Italian on their websites. With reference to the theory of semantic prototypes (Rosch 1978), the translations of postings are classified according to the use of lexical units that a) are used with the same meaning in multiple domains, b) are used in two cultures in the specific domain of business language, c) represent a prototypical example of the category denoted in Italian, as in hyponymic replacement, and d) represent a larger category of the prototypical object denoted in Italian, as in hyperonymic replacement. The findings reveal that class (a) occurs most frequently and that classes (c) and (d) must be used when the Italian label is determined by local regulations. The findings also indicate that solutions most frequently take the form of prototypical examples of each category, in the form of what is effectively a compromise between the most frequent ST item and a TT item that is most readily conceivable to and readable by the international audience
Corporate environmental pledges in response to activist pressure. The case of the Greenpeace Detox Challenge
No full textIn 2011, Greenpeace launched the Detox my Fashion campaign to challenge fashion brands to eliminate toxic chemicals from their supply chains and products. Over the last few years, this activist endeavour has led eighty companies to sign the Detox 2020 Plan, ratifying corporate commitment to achieve the goal by the year 2020. As the Detox deadline is approaching, this paper explores the progress reports whereby fifteen leading companies have declared their Detox commitment, disseminated data about their toxicological analyses and displayed corporate philanthropy (Catenaccio 2010). The methodological toolkit combines quantitative and qualitative research methods. The texts are first examined through the AntConc corpus linguistics software (Anthony 2009). The analysis draws on the literature on knowledge dissemination (Garzone 2006) and also builds on the concept of rewriting (Lefevere 1992), because most of the progress reports in the corpus present themselves as the intralinguistic translations of Greenpeace reports. In this respect, attention is devoted to how corporate subjects manage, recontextualise and re-express the knowledge gathered and disseminated by Greenpeace in the first place. The findings indicate that, although the linguistic content under analysis is “borrowed” from Greenpeace materials, the environmental NGO is only rarely mentioned as the source and dispenser of knowledge. This “misappropriation of knowledge” can be interpreted as an attempt to conceal the activist spark of the green fashion revolution and put the corporate world in a good light. Moreover, a lexical and discursive insistence on suppliers further corroborates the hypothesis that corporate subjects lay the blame and the responsibility for environmental damage on third parties, thereby putting themselves in the position of claiming originality for their corporate environmental pledges (Press and Mazmanian 2013: 240)
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT, COMMUNICATION AND LANGUAGE: WHERE IS RESEARCH GOING
No full textThis paper aims at providing an insight, although not exhaustive, into the literature on Knowledge Management, with a particular focus on the communicative aspects of knowledge transfer. Knowledge management is a very extensive research field, mainly applied to organizations. It is a system to manage knowledge assets in any organization of people, from making knowledge profitable to its transfer or sharing. These systems are implemented and improved over time and rely on the possibility to formalize knowledge as well as to find the best way to communicate it. Our research question stems from this latter consideration. Is knowledge effectively communicated and what is the role of language? Is knowledge management communication effectively structured or modelled? To answer these questions, first, we focus on corporate knowledge systems. Consequently, on the one hand, we partially assess the relevance and the size of the existing studies on knowledge management and its communication, and on the other hand, we provide implications and possible proposals to carry out future research on the application of communication theories to knowledge management in corporate life. In section 2, some studies on knowledge management will be reported, in order to link them to business discourse and business communication; in section 3, we try to peg knowledge management to communication models and eventually, to business communication. Section 4 reports the importance of the role of language in knowledge transfer
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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