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French utopian thought and politica economy (1789 - 1848)
No full textIt is rather troublesome to speak of a French utopian thought since the category of Utopia or Utopian Thought is too vast and not easily intelligible for a variety of reasons: firstly, because there is the difficulty in marking out a clear distinction, as Marx and Engels tried to do, between utopian thought and other forms of thought, including scientific thought; secondly, because of the important differences existing among the various expressions of what, with an elliptical expression, we mean a utopian thought; thirdly, because some authors who we consider as adhering to the utopian thought, not only do they not consider themselves so, but have waged a harsh battle against concepts of Utopia (just think of Proudhon). Maybe, it would have been easier to adopt the category of heterodox thought, though I have never really liked such a term for several reasons: firstly, because this is even more indeterminate; and because it is generally built per differentiam, with reference to external contents, that is in relation to approaches and analytical procedures of that universe of reasoning which is defined orthodox. The category of heterodoxy reminds me of that concept of idealism which Hegel attributed to Schelling: a night when every cow is black.
In the end, I held to be more useful to adopt the category of utopian thought,
since in each case the reflection of the authors under consideration is determined by the search for organising the economy and society conceived as a possible alternative to capitalism. Upon the bases of such an approach, these authors, mature a critical attitude towards the current state of things and towards the theories, (economic theories, especially), which proclaim that state of things as the only one possible. Besides, it is interesting to take note, that the critical attitude to political economy emerges rather slowly, after a phase of opening in relation to economics and after a phase of sharing its analytical procedures and its cognitive goals.
We will develop these ideas by way of the following four headings:
1. the attraction of classical economics and its utopian dimension;
2. the end of the great illusion;
3. Malthus’ trauma;
4. the criticisms of political economy
Angelo Messedaglia e i salotti romani. I carteggi con Giulia Marliani e Laura Acton Minghetti
Get PDFIl contributo ricostruisce le relazioni intercorse tra Messedaglia e le nobildonne Giulia Marliani e Laura Acton Minghett
Proudhon e la cultura economica italiana degli anni '30. Un corto circuito inatteso?
Get PDFSi discute se Proudhon, come asserito da alcuni studiosi statunitensi, debba essere considerato uno dei «padri fondatori» del fascismo. Da un'analisi attenta della pubblicistica italiana negli anni '30 e '40 non emergono evidenze che suffraghino questa ipotesi, anzi molteplici appaiono i motivi per sostenere una certa freddezza parte del fascino nei confronti del pensiero prudhoniano
Social Justice: The relationship between the economy and the law in Proudhon
No full textProudhon asserted the relevance of political economy against purely po- litico-philosophical approaches, but he did not propose the adoption of the liberal utilitarian approach nor positivistic socialism1. He rather proposed a third way between market and communism based on the principle of justice. This orientation towards a third way is not only due to his theorisation of political economy, but it derives from his peculiar conception of the law and from the way justice interacts with the economy
P. J. Proudhon: un socialista liberale?
No full textLa riflessione critica sull’opera di P. J. Proudhon è stata oggetto di interpretazioni controverse e contraddittorie dettate sovente da ragioni esclusivamente ideologiche e/o stumentali più che dalla volontà di un approfondimento interno all’opera stessa. Partendo da tale considerazione il saggio propone una chiave di lettura a doppio registro rispettosa cioè dello sforzo proudhoniano di contemperare le esigenze sorte dalla questione sociale con quelle legate alla salvaguardia della libertà. E’ possibile così far emergere, anche nell’ambito di una continua evoluzione del suo pensiero, una intima coerenza intellettuale. Ciò che caratterizza infatti la riflessione proudhoniana è la tensione volta alla ricerca del contemperamento tra interesse generale e libertà individuale perseguito lungo l’intero arco della sua vita a partire dal progetto di anarchia positiva sino agli ultimi scritti sul federalismo. Da ciò di conseguenza il carattere originale di una ricerca che, nel panorama culturale ottocentesco, si allontana da ogni prospettiva di filosofia della storia non intendendo abbracciare univocamente né il liberalismo né il socialismo ma ponendosi come coscienza critica della loro unilateralità
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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