1,721,022 research outputs found

    La salute organizzativa nei contesti sanitari: Un’esperienza di ricerca-intervento.

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    ABSTRACT - From a psychosocial perspective that is intended to produce both understanding and change, especially involv-ing social actors in the construction of shared meanings, this paper illustrates the results of the first stage of an action research process focused on organizational health. The study has been carried out within an Italian hospital combining both quantitative and qualitative methods. Specifically, the data were gathered through the administration of Multidimensional Organizational Health Questionnaire (n=782) and focus group interviews whose transcripts were analyzed with the software T-Lab. The analysis of collected data has allowed us to trace the organizational health profile and to identify its areas of strength and weakness. The only real area of strength seems to be represented by the relation-ship between colleagues. Conversely, the hospital employees perceive that dimensions of stress, fatigue, organizational justice, prevention, safety, and comfort are the most critical areas. Finally, al-though critical, the remaining area explored by the questionnaire does not appear to require priority action. Besides the profile of organizational health, the contribution shows different improvement strategies. Between them, for example, training initiatives and information on psychosocial risks, structural change interventions, individual and group counseling experiences. KEYWORDS: Organi-zational Psychology, Organizational Health, Action Research, Psychosocial Approach, Multidimensional Health Organizational Questionnaire, Focus Group. RIASSUNTO - Il contributo illustra i risultati delle prime tappe di una ricerca-intervento psicosociale sulla salute organizzativa realizzata in un‟azienda ospedaliera siciliana. La prospettiva adottata ha pri-vilegiato il coinvolgimento degli attori sociali nei processi di cambiamento e la costruzione condivisa di significati. In un‟ottica di triangolazione che riconosce l‟utilità di integrare metodologie quantitative e qualitative, è stato somministrato il Multidimensional Organizational Health Questionnaire (N=782) e sono stati realizzati dei focus group i cui trascritti sono stati analizzati grazie al software T-Lab. L‟analisi dei dati ha permesso di individuare punti di forza e debolezza del profilo di salute organizza-tiva e i possibili interventi. PAROLE CHIAVE: Psicologia Delle Organizzazioni, Salute Organizzativa, Ricerca-Intervento, Approccio Psicosociale, Multidimensional Organizational Health Questionnaire, Focus Group

    Bien-être au travail et qualité des services fournis aux utilisateurs: une recherche-action à l’intérieur d’un centre hospitalier italien.

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    Dalla metà degli anni ’70 in Europa un cospicuo numero di ricerche si è focalizzato sulla relazione benessere-lavoro dedicando una notevole attenzione ai fattori-chiave che sembrano essere determinanti per la qualità della vita lavorativa intesa come uno stato di benessere psico-fisico e sociale : la realizzazione e la crescita professionale, le relazioni sociali e professionali nel contesto di lavoro, l’ambiente fisico, i conenuti dell’attività lavorativa e la sua organizzazione. Questi fattori giocano un ruolo determinante nell’ambito dei contesti socio-sanitari: avendo un impatto notevole sulla soddisfazione degli operatori e sui loro livelli di stress e burn out, essi hanno un’influenza diretta sulla qualità delle relazioni medico-paziente, dimensione che, a sua volta, può determinare il successo dei trattamenti e le possibilità reali di produrre benessere nella comunità per il tramite di una terza variabile, la patient satisafction. Numerose ricerche condotte in anni recenti, infatti, hanno sottolineato che la soddisfazione rispetto alle cure ricevute è l’elemento fondamentale che assicura la compliance e l’adherence del paziente favorendo i processi di guarigione. Riconoscendo la rilevanza e la complessità dei rapporti esistenti tra le variabili appena descritte, il nostro intervento descriverà un progetto di ricerca-intervento psicosociale condotto all’interno di un’Azienda Ospedaliera italiana che dispone di circa 460 posti letto e conta quasi 20.000 ricoveri annui. A partire da un quadro di riferimento teorico che riconosce l’importanza di coinvolgere attivamente gli operatori costruendo processi di cambiamento partecipato, sono state realizzate differenti iniziative riservando comunque un posto di primo piano alla formazione volta a favorire la consapevolezza del ruolo e dei rapporti tra benessere organizzativo, soddisfazione degli operatori e degli utenti e qualità del servizio. Contestualmente, coinvolgendo circa 1.200 dipendenti, la somministrazione del Multidimensional Organizational Health Questionnaire (Avallone e Paplomatas, 2005) e la realizzazione di 60 focus group hanno permesso di tracciare un quadro della situazione attuale dell’Azienda ospedaliera che ha rappresentato il punto di partenza per l’avvio di processi di miglioramento e promozione della qualità della vita lavorativa e di benessere organizzativo

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed

    Variations on the Author

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    “Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship

    Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis

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    We provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis

    Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts

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    We conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more sophisticated methods

    Author Index

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