43 research outputs found
Effect of Processing and Storage on Antioxidant Potential of Bitter Orange (Citrus Aurantium)
No full textThis Dissertation / Report is the outcome of investigation carried out by the creator(s) / author(s) at the department/division of Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysore mentioned below in this page
Dialyzability of Iron and Zinc from Food Matrices with Varying Levels of Protein
No full textThis Dissertation / Report is the outcome of investigation carried out by the creator(s) / author(s) at the department/division of Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysore mentioned below in this page
Роль фіброскану в оцінці ступеня ураження печінки серед хронічних випадків гепатитів В і С
No full textChronic liver diseases (CLD) cause significant morbidity and mortality worldwide, accounting for approximately 2 million deaths annually. The majority of CLDs include alcoholic liver disease, chronic viral hepatitis, including hepatitis B and C, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and hemochromatosis. Of these, hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections account for a substantial proportion of liver diseases which is responsible for liver damage ranging from minor disorders to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Fibroscan is a novel non-invasive method for assessing hepatic fibrosis by measuring liver stiffness.
The aim. The present study was conducted to know the prevalence of blood-born viral pathogens (HBV, HCV) among patients with chronic liver diseases (CLD) and also to assess the role of Fibroscan and liver function tests (LFT) in evaluating the extent of chronic liver disease.
Material and methods: The present study comprised 100 chronic liver disease patients attending the gastroenterology department. All the chronic liver disease cases were tested for Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C viral infections using a rapid Immunochromatography assay. Simultaneously they were subjected to liver function tests and fibroscan to assess the extent of fibrosis by staging from F0 to F4.
Results: When screened for bloodborne viral pathogens, 46 % were HBV positive, 10 % were HCV, and none were HIV positive. No co-infection was detected. HBV was identified as the most typical cause of CLD in about 46 %, followed by non-viral/non-infectious (alcoholic, metabolic, autoimmune) cause in 44 % and 10 %, the cause for CLD was HCV. As per fibroscan results, 80 % of HCV and 39 % of HBV patients were in the stage of cirrhosis/advanced fibrosis.
Conclusion: HBV was the predominant cause of CLD. Liver stiffness has recently been shown to be a good predictor of clinical outcomes. A fibroscan will help in the decision-making process in staging the disease and choice of treatment in viral hepatitis casesХронічні захворювання печінки (ХЗП) викликають значну захворюваність і смертність у всьому світі, складаючи приблизно 2 мільйони смертей на рік. Більшість ХЗП включають алкогольну хворобу печінки, хронічні вірусні гепатити, включаючи гепатити В і С, неалкогольну жирову хворобу печінки (НАЖХП) і гемохроматоз. З них інфекції вірусу гепатиту В (ВГВ) та вірусу гепатиту С (ВГС) становлять значну частину захворювань печінки, які відповідають за ураження печінки, починаючи від незначних порушень до цирозу печінки та гепатоцелюлярної карциноми (ГЦК). Фіброскан є новим неінвазійним методом оцінки фіброзу печінки шляхом вимірювання жорсткості печінки.
Мета. Дане дослідження було проведено з метою визначення поширеності вірусних патогенів, утворених гемоконтактним методом (ВГВ, ВГС) серед пацієнтів з хронічними захворюваннями печінки (ХЗП), а також для оцінки ролі фіброскану та тесту на печінкові проби (ТПП) в оцінці ступеня хронічного захворювання печінки.
Матеріал та методи: У цьому дослідженні взяли участь 100 пацієнтів з хронічними захворюваннями печінки, які відвідують гастроентерологічне відділення. Усі випадки хронічних захворювань печінки були перевірені на наявність вірусних інфекцій гепатиту В та гепатиту С за допомогою швидкого імунохроматографічного аналізу. Одночасно вони піддавалися тестуванню печінкових проб і застосуванню фіброскану для оцінки ступеня фіброзу шляхом постановки діагнозу від F0 до F4.
Результати: При скринінгу на вірусні патогени, що передаються гемоконтактним методом, 46 % пацієнтів були позитивними на ВГВ, 10 % ВГС і жоден з них не був ВІЛ-позитивним. Коінфекції виявлено не було. ВГВ була визначена як найпоширеніша причина ХЗП приблизно в 46 % випадків, за нею слідувала невірусна/неінфекційна (алкогольна, метаболічна, аутоімунна) причина у 44 % і в 10 % причиною ХЗП була ВГС. За результатами фіброскану, 80 % ВГС і 39 % ВГВ пацієнтів перебували в стадії цирозу/запущеного фіброзу.
Висновок: ВГВ був переважаючою причиною ХЗП. Доведено, що жорсткість печінки є хорошим предиктором клінічного результату з плином часу. Фіброскан допоможе в процесі прийняття рішень в постановці діагнозу захворювання і виборі протоколу лікування у випадках вірусного гепатит
Dietary Fiber in Coffee
No full textThis Dissertation / Report is the outcome of investigation carried out by the creator(s) / author(s) at the department/division of Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysore mentioned below in this page
Antibiogram of uropathogens from cases of urinary tract infections in a tertiary care hospital: A cross-sectional study.
No full textBackgroundUrinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common bacterial infections affecting people of all ages. The increasing prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among uropathogens presents a major clinical challenge, particularly in empirical treatment. This study aimed to identify the prevalence of uropathogens and evaluate their antibiotic susceptibility patterns in a tertiary care setting.
MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted at a government tertiary care hospital in Guntur district, Andhra Pradesh, India. A total of 100 urine samples from patients suspected of UTIs were collected and cultured using standard microbiological techniques. Isolated bacterial pathogens were identified, and their antibiotic susceptibility profiles were determined using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Data were recorded and analyzed using Microsoft Excel, and results were expressed in percentages and graphically represented.
ResultsOut of 100 urine samples analyzed, 34% showed significant bacteriuria. Among the 34 positive isolates, 91.2% (31/34) were Gram-negative bacteria. Escherichia coli was the most prevalent uropathogen, accounting for 48.4% (15/31) of Gram-negative isolates, followed by Klebsiella species at 22.6% (7/31). Antibiotic susceptibility testing revealed the highest sensitivity to Nitrofurantoin (79.4%, 27/34), followed by Carbapenems (64.7%, 22/34). Resistance was notably high against commonly used antibiotics such as Ampicillin and third-generation Cephalosporins.
ConclusionThe findings underscore the dominance of Gram-negative bacteria, particularly E. coli, in UTIs and the growing resistance to frequently prescribed antibiotics. Nitrofurantoin and Carbapenems demonstrated relatively high effectiveness against the isolated strains, suggesting their continued role in empirical therapy. Regular surveillance and antibiogram development are essential to guide appropriate antibiotic use and combat rising antimicrobial resistance.
RecommendationsPromote local antibiogram usage, restrict empirical antibiotic misuse, encourage stewardship programs, update treatment guidelines periodically, and educate healthcare professionals continuously
Molecular characterization and induction of a peach beta-1,3-glucanase gene
No full textA peach genomic library of cultivar Stark Earligo was screened using a pea -1,3-glucanase gene as a probe. Five clones containing -1,3-glucanase sequence were isolated and characterized. A 3.85 Kb DNA fragment of one of the genomic clones, containing peach -1,3-glucanase gene was sequenced in both the directions. The peach -1,3-glucanase gene, PpGns1, encodes a proenzyme of 350 amino acids, which consists of a 38 amino acid signal peptide and a 312 amino acid mature peptide. This is the longest signal peptide of all plant -1,3-glucanase genes so far reported. Putative TATA and CAAT boxes in the 5 flanking region and two polyadenylation signals in the 3 flanking region were identified. The PpGns1 was induced in in vitro-grown peach shoot cultures following treatment with a culture filtrate of Xanthomonas campestris pv. pruni and ethephon within 12-18 h. However, it was not induced following treatment with mercuric chloride. Characterization of four additional clones revealed two other different types of -1,3-glucanase genes in peach. Southern blot analysis of total genomic DNA also indicated that -1,3-glucanase gene belongs to a multigene family in peach.Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-07T13:43:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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Phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of human uterus and placenta
No full textThis thesis aims to demonstrate the usefulness of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in understanding normal human placental and uterine metabolism as well as its application in the study of gestational and gynecological disorders. We have used phosphorus-31 NMR spectroscopy on isolated samples of placenta and uterus (myometrium and endometrium). Our studies have revealed interesting correlations between spectral characteristics and the type of tissue studied, normal and abnormal.The \sp{31}P spectrum of placenta changes as it matures with increasing gestational age. In addition, complications of pregnancy, including intrauterine growth-retardation and hydatidiform mole, are associated with significant changes in the placental spectrum. Absolute volume of intracellular water and intracellular concentrations of normal placental phosphorus metabolites were obtained.The effects of pregnancy are manifested in the NMR spectra of normal pregnant myometria. Experiments on nonpregnant diseased uterus have revealed presence of disease in histologically normal tissue obtained close to a uterine lesion. We have also demonstrated feasibility and cost-effectiveness of evaluation of endometrial biopsies by NMR prior to histopathological examination.Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-07T13:16:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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