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Employer Moral Hazard and Wage Rigidity. The Case of Worker owned and Investor owned Firm
No full textpresentazione poster presso la 55 Riunione SI
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Employer moral hazard and wage rigidity
No full textThe standard explanation of wage rigidity in principal agent and in efficiency wage models is
related to worker risk-aversion. However, these explanations do not consider at least two important
classes of empirical evidence: (1) In worker cooperatives workers appear to behave in a less risk
averse way than in for profit firms and to accept fluctuating wages; (2) The emerging experimental
evidence on the employment contract shows that most workers prefer higher but more uncertain
wages to lower fixed wages. Workers do not appear to express a preference for fixed wages in all
situations and different ownership forms, in our case worker cooperatives and for-profit firms,
behave in different ways when dealing with the trade-off between wage rigidity and employment
fluctuations. More specifically, worker cooperatives are characterized, in relative terms, by fixed
employment levels and fluctuating wages, while for-profit firms are characterized by fixed wages
and fluctuating employment.
Our paper reinterprets these stylized facts by focusing on the relationship between wage
rigidity and worker risk aversion in light of the presence of employer post contractual opportunism.
Contractual incompleteness and private information on the side of the employer can compound in
favouring the pursuit of the employer’s objectives, when they diverge from the employee’s ones.
The idea of employer moral hazard is able to disentangle the observed behavioural differences in
different ownership forms. By resorting to the standard efficiency wage framework, we show that,
in the presence of employer moral hazard, employees in capitalistic firms generally prefer fixed
wage, accepting this way a positive risk of lay-off. On the contrary, one of the main functions of
fluctuating wages in worker cooperatives is to minimize the risk of lay-off
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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