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Nass hard red spring wheat
No full text Nass, a hard red, medium blend, spring milling wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell.), is adapted to Ontario, Quebec and the Maritimes. It has expressed high grain yield, good lodging resistance, a high level of resistance to powdery mildew, and a much higher than average resistance to fusarium head blight (FHB). Key words: Triticum aestivum, hard red spring wheat, yield, cultivar description, Fusarium head blight </jats:p
Flamenco dancers woven blue-gold coverlet, owned by Veda Hossner Nass
No full textImage of Flamenco dancers woven on a blue-gold coverlat owned by Veda Hossner Nass. Also includes questionnaires describing the quilt completed by Ruth Merrick Hossner as part of the Utah Quilt Guild\u27s documentation days held from 1988-1994. Estimated date of fabric about 1920s, quiltmaker unknown, inherited by owner from mother in 198
Factors contributing to nass consumption among iranian Turkmen: A qualitative study
No full textINTRODUCTION Nass is a smokeless tobacco product. Iranian Turkmen have a long history of nass consumption. However, the factors contributing to nass consumption among Iranian Turkmen are not known. The purpose of the present study is to examine the factors contributing to nass consumption among Iranian Turkmen. METHODS This qualitative study was conducted between January and March 2016 in four Turkmen cities of Golestan province in Iran. Participants included 34 male Turkmen nass consumers. Data were collected through individual and group interviews and were analyzed by content analysis. Data management was done by qualitative data analysis software MAXQDA, Version 10. RESULTS The results of data analysis revealed the following as the main reasons for nass consumption by the study population: 1) cultural, social, and environmental facilitators, 2) nass was considered as an alternative to cigarette smoking, 3) nass was believed to intensify the effects of opium and other drugs, 4) specific occupations and circumstances, and 5) beliefs related to nass. CONCLUSIONS Cultural and historical backgrounds, convenient access to nass at a very low price, curiosity, emulation, and peer pressure were the main factors driving nass consumption among Iranian Turkmen. Various beliefs, such as the idea that nass intensifies the effects of opium and alcohol, calms the nerves, and helps individuals quit smoking were also found to contribute to this phenomenon. Finally, individuals in certain lines of work, such as fishing, driving combines, and military service, were more likely to consume nass. © 2018 Sighaldeh S. S
Statistics of NASs.
No full text<p>(A), Correlation coefficients between NASs. (B), The number of NASs that are correlated with (correlation coefficient > = 0.5) a certain number of other NASs. (C), Each curve indicates the One-vs.-Rest classification accuracy for each action. In (A), NASs are indexed sequentially by the occurrences in boxing, handclapping, handwaving, jogging, running, and walking. (A–C) are for the KTH dataset. (D–F), Same format as (A–C) for the Weizmann dataset. In (F), structures are indexed sequentially by the occurrences in bend, jack, pjump, wave1, wave2, jump, run, side, skip, and walk.</p
Nass wischbare geruchslose Bohnermasse (Bodenwichse)
No full textNASS WISCHBARE GERUCHSLOSE BOHNERMASSE (BODENWICHSE)
Nass wischbare geruchslose Bohnermasse (Bodenwichse) ( -
Parkett-Rose nass wischbare Bodenwichse
No full textPARKETT-ROSE NASS WISCHBARE BODENWICHSE
Parkett-Rose nass wischbare Bodenwichse ( -
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Use Of NASS Data For Evaluation Of AVCS Devices
Full text linkThis report examines the applicability of the 1986 National Accident Sampling System (NASS) in providing sufficient information about a traffic accident to determine if an advanced vehicle control system (AVCS) could have had an impact in preventing that accident. The author states that, in general, NASS raw data are useful for evaluation of AVCS whenever a driver' s choices are limited to keeping a straight course at an appropriate spee
Use Of NASS Data For Evaluation Of AVCS Devices
No full textThis report examines the applicability of the 1986 National Accident Sampling System (NASS) in providing sufficient information about a traffic accident to determine if an advanced vehicle control system (AVCS) could have had an impact in preventing that accident. The author states that, in general, NASS raw data are useful for evaluation of AVCS whenever a driver' s choices are limited to keeping a straight course at an appropriate speedTraffic accidents--United States--Statistics, Automobiles--Electronic equipment, Highway communications, Intelligent highway vehicle systems
NEUARTIGE TARIFSYSTEME (NATS) FÜR NEUARTIGE SANITÄRSYSTEME (NASS)
Full text linkDie deutsche Siedlungswasserwirtschaft ist im Wandel begriffen. Das vorherrschende System der Schwemmkanalisation mit zentraler Abwasserreinigung, das bei seiner Einführung eine revolutionäre Neuerung darstellte, wird seinen Aufgaben zunehmend weniger gerecht. Der demographische und der Klimawandel haben deutlich gemacht, dass die langlebige, großskalige Netzstruktur des konventionellen Systems zu inflexibel ist. Zudem scheint es angesichts zur Neigung gehender Phosphorreserven und Erkenntnissen über die Umweltwirkungen anthropogener Spurenstoffe keine gute Lösung mehr, den Toiletteninhalt zum Zweck seines Transports mit Wasser zu verdünnen.
Deshalb gewinnen Neuartige Sanitärsysteme (NASS) zunehmend an Bedeutung. Es gibt viele Spielarten von NASS. Allen gemein ist die getrennte Sammlung und Behandlung von Teilströmen (Toiletteninhalt und Grauwasser) und der Verzicht auf (große Mengen) Wasser als Transportmittel. NASS erleichtern die Rückgewinnung und Rückführung menschlicher Exkremente in die Landwirtschaft und die Elimination von Schadstoffen. Mittel- bis langfristig werden NASS das zentrale System vielleicht ablösen; sehr wahrscheinlich erscheint zumindest eine Koexistenz der Systeme.
Damit NASS in der Praxis etabliert werden können, muss klar sein, wie sie abgerechnet werden. Weil die Abwasserreinigung in Deutschland eine hoheitliche kommunale Aufgabe darstellt, wird sie mit Gebühren entgolten. Unternehmen des Abwassermanagements sind öffentliche Unternehmen, und Dienstleistungen öffentlicher Unternehmen werden in Form von Gebühren bezahlt. Die Gestaltung von Gebühren ist streng geregelt. So dürfen sie z.B. nur in solcher Höhe erhoben werden, dass mit ihnen keine Gewinne erzielt werden. Ebenso müssen sie dem Grundsatz der Gleichbehandlung genügen. – Gleichzeitig verpflichtet die EG-Wasserrahmenrichtlinie die Mitgliedstaaten, Anreize für angemessenes Verhalten im Umgang mit Wasserressourcen in ihre Bepreisung einzubauen. In Deutschland ist diese Vorgabe bis heute kaum umgesetzt.
Dies bildet die Aufgabenstellung für die vorliegende Arbeit: Vorschläge für Tarife zu entwickeln, die NASS angemessen sind, vor allem in Hinblick auf die Setzung von Anreizen – Neuartige Tarifsysteme (NATS) für Neuartige Sanitärsysteme (NASS) – und gleichzeitig zu prüfen, inwieweit solche Tarife in das bestehende deutsche Gebührenrecht passen.
Damit diese Tarife zumindest plausibel sind, muss ein Kostenrahmen für NASS aufgespannt werden, innerhalb dessen sich die Gebühren – die ja keine Gewinne verursachen dürfen – bewegen. Dafür hat der Autor Fallbeispiele deutscher NASS eruiert und fünf ausgewählt, die unterschiedliche Verfahren beinhalten und deren Kosten und Betriebsparameter eine gewisse Bandbreite aufweisen. Aufbauend auf dem so geschätzten Kostenrahmen entwickelt der Autor mehrere Tarife für ein hypothetisches NASS: drei Tarife, die auf Ressourcen abzielen und potenziell Anreize zum ressourceneffizienten Verhalten geben könnten – auf Energie, Nährstoffe, und Grauwasser – sowie einen Flatrate- und einen konventionellen Tarif, der sich in seiner Struktur an die in Deutschland üblichen anlehnt.
NASS weisen unter konservativen Annahmen keine Kostenvorteile gegenüber dem zentralen System auf. Mit begründeten Annahmen wie dem Eintreten von Lerneffekten sowie einer Verteuerung konventioneller Abwasserreinigung (da der Mikroverunreinigungsproblematik zunehmend mit besonderen Reinigungsverfahren begegnet werden muss), schwindet jedoch der Kostenvorteil des zentralen Systems und die NASS erreichen die „Kanalparität“ (ein Begriff, den der Autor in Anlehnung an „Netzparität“ für die Gestehungskosten von Strom aus erneuerbaren Energien geprägt hat).
Die Arbeit zeigt, dass NATS im obigen Sinne innerhalb des geltenden Gebührenrechts schwer umzusetzen sein dürften. Zwar sind Tarifvarianten denkbar, die dem Gesetz genügen, aber eine starke Anreizwirkung dürften sie kaum entfalten. Grenzen dafür setzen u. a. das Verbot der Kostenüberschreitung, der Gleichheitsgrundsatz und niedrige Marktpreise für Nährstoffe. Die Arbeit diskutiert, wie diese Grenzen überwunden werden könnten, z. B.f durch fiktive Kostenaufteilungen (analog der Festsetzung gesplitteter Gebühren für die Inanspruchnahme von Mischkanalisation), um eine teilstromscharfe Kostenzuordnung zu erreichen. Auch denkbar ist die Einführung verschiedener selbständiger öffentlicher Einrichtungen, d.h. die Schaffung unterschiedlicher Satzungsgebiete, um die Gleichbehandlung verschiedener Systemnutzer zu gewährleisten.Germany’s wastewater management sector is undergoing change. The predominant system of today, which consists of an extended sewer grid with a central treatment plant, was a radical innovation at the time of its inception but now seems increasingly unable to perform its task. The large-scale, longliving grid shows too little flexibility in the face of demographic and climate change. Moreover, as phosphorus reserves are declining and more and more is known about the adverse effects of anthropogenic micro-substances, it seems not a good solution to dilute toilet content with water for the purpose of transport.
That is why Novel Sanitation Systems („NASS“ in German) increasingly gain attention. There are many technical variants of NASS. Common to all is the separate collection and treatment of waste stream components (toilet content and grey water) and the non-reliance on water as means of transport. This facilitates the reclamation and recycling of nutrients contained in human excrements into agriculture, as well as the elimination of pollutants. In the medium to long term, NASS might take over entirely; it is likely that there will be at least a co-existence of the two types of systems.
In order for NASS to be implemented in practice, there needs to be a method of billing for their services. In Germany, wastewater management is under the authority of municipalities, which have a strong standing in the German constitution. Municipal enterprises delivering urban services to their citizens have to bill their services via fees („Gebühren“ in German), a special type of charge that is regulated by the law. E.g., fees must not be levied in amounts that surpass the overall cost of the service. They have to treat users equitably, and so on. – At the same time, the European Water Framework Directive of the year 2000 requires member states to price their water resources in a way that prices contain incentives for users to use the resources wisely. This prescription has barely been implemented in Germany.
Thus, the task of this dissertation is as follows: Develop proposals for fee systems (Novel Tariff Systems, „NATS“ in German, in analogy to „NASS“) which are adequate for NASS, especially regarding the incentives for resource-efficient customer behaviour – and, at the same time, explore how such tariffs fit into the German body of law dealing with fees („Gebührenrecht“).
In order for these tariffs to be at least plausible, a bandwidth of costs for NASS has to be set, within which the fees can be placed. In order to identify such costs, the author has surveyed German NASS projects and selected five projects which represent different technical variants, and which cover a spectrum of costs and operating parameters. Based on this estimated bandwidth of costs, the author develops three tariff systems for NASS, aimed at three different resource types: Energy, Nutrients, and Greywater, as well as a flat-rate tariff and a tariff which leans on those that are common in Germany today.
Under conservative assumptions, NASS do not have a cost advantage vis-à-vis the conventional system. Yet it is plausible to assume that NASS will become cheaper, due to technological learning. At the same time, the conventional system is likely to face cost increases due to the micropollution problematic that requires additional treatment steps. With such assumptions, the cost advantage of the conventional system is dwindling, and NASS can reach „sewer parity“ (a term created by the author analogous to „grid parity“ for the production cost of electric power from renewable sources).
The dissertation illustrates that NATS in the above sense are not easily implemented within the framework of existing law governing public fees. While there may be tariff system variants for NASS that obey the existing law, they will hardly have a strong incentive effect for customers. The reasons are, among others, the disallowance to let fees surpass cost, the equity principle, and low prices for nutrient resources to be fetched on the market. The dissertation discusses how these rules can be transcended, f.ex. via the introduction of hypothetical costs (corresponding to a hypothetical technical reference system), as is already practiced for the levying of split fees in rainwater management when customers are connected to a mixed sewer system. Another possibility is the creation of new ordinance areas in which fees are applicable to ensure the equitable treatment of system users subject to the fee
Nass wischbare geruchlose Bohnermasse (Bodenwichse) Parkett Rose
No full textNASS WISCHBARE GERUCHLOSE BOHNERMASSE (BODENWICHSE) PARKETT ROSE
Nass wischbare geruchlose Bohnermasse (Bodenwichse) Parkett Rose ( -
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