1,721,068 research outputs found
Introduzione
No full textIl discorso sulla conciliazione tra famiglia e lavoro è profondamente mutato negli ultimi anni. Se fino a qualche decennio fa prevaleva una visione di contrapposizione tra questi due ambiti, considerati come compartimenti stagni e non comunicanti nella vita delle persone, le trasformazioni tecnologiche, della famiglia e dell’organizzazione del lavoro hanno mutato profondamente questo scenario. In linea con questa prospettiva teorica e con la più ampia riflessione condotta negli anni in seno al Centro di Ateneo Studi e Ricerche sulla Famiglia, il titolo di questo volume non a caso utilizza il termine intrecci e non il termine conciliazione. Il rimando semantico della parola conciliazione è fortemente ancorato al conflitto, alla controversia. Dalla nostra esperienza di ricerca e dalla letteratura interdisciplinare sul tema infatti emerge chiaramente che vita lavorativa e familiare si innestano in un complesso intreccio. A partire dallo scenario familiare e lavorativo, in continua evoluzione, il volume si propone di fare il punto sul tema portando una visione innovativa perché ambisce a mettere in luce in una prospettiva interdisciplinare il complesso intreccio tra famiglia e lavoro che spesso rimane nei suoi innesti più fecondi invisibile
Conciliare famiglia e lavoro: uno sguardo alle politiche Europee
No full textParlare di conciliazione famiglia-lavoro, non è certamente semplice: solo a livello concettuale possiamo infatti riscontrare una differente interpretazione dello stesso nei diversi contesti sociali e geografici, interpretazione influenzata dai differenti sistemi di welfare e dall’idea di famiglia ad essi sottesa.
Obiettivo del presente contributo è quindi quello di riflettere sul significato culturale, valoriale ed etico della conciliazione mediante un’analisi del contesto socio-politico europeo e, nello specifico, delle misure e politiche conciliative attuate dai paesi membri.
Tale scelta è dettata innanzitutto dalla consapevolezza della peculiarità dell’attuale frangente storico: l’ingresso di nuovi paesi nell’Unione Europea ha determinato - e continua a portare - significativi cambiamenti nei preesistenti equilibri; l’EU, inoltre, secondo quanto riportato dall’European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions , si trova attualmente di fronte ad un enorme dilemma in termini di social policy: essa necessita, da un lato, di incrementare i tassi occupazionali per garantire sia la crescita economica sia la sostenibilità dei sistemi di welfare, dall’altro di promuovere l’inclusione sociale in un contesto caratterizzato da un’elevata complessificazione soprattutto in ottica intergenerazionale (drastica diminuzione dei tassi di natalità, scarso ricambio generazionale, invecchiamento progressivo della popolazione, con il conseguente problema dei soggetti coinvolti nella cura e accudimento degli anziani)
BIRGIT PFAU-EFFINGER (ed.), Development of Culture, Welfare State and Women s Employment in Europe, Ashgate Publishing Limited, UK, 2004, p.217.
No full textPolitiche e pratiche conciliative nel Regno Unito
No full textOggetto di questo contributo sarà un approfondimento del tema relativo alla conciliazione tra ambito familiare e lavorativo nel Regno Unito.
Nella prima parte, teorico-conoscitiva, si cercherà di fornire un quadro generale delle misure e dei provvedimenti adottati nel merito. Nella seconda parte, di stampo più sperimentale, si rivolgerà invece l’attenzione ai contesti organizzativi e verrà presentata un’analisi delle più importanti multinazionali britanniche. L’obiettivo sarà quello di esaminare e rilevare le misure e gli strumenti conciliativi presenti all’interno di questi contesti aziendali
Flexibility and work-family balance: a Win-Win Solution for Companies? The case of Italy
No full textFlexibility of working time is currently coming to the fore, with varying degrees of intensity, in European countries.
After a brief analysis of flexibility (origin, characteristics, spread) in Europe, this paper will focus in particular on the Italian case by presenting a phenomenon attracting growing attention: ‘Smart Working.’ This is an innovative approach to work organisation that integrates and exceeds concepts such as teleworking and mobile working, thus questioning traditional constraints (such as physical space or work times and tools) and seeking new balances based on greater freedom for workers, as well as their empowerment. By taking advantage of two recent empirical investigations carried out in Italy (2011–2012) we could illustrates the relevance of S.W. in terms of both aspiration and practice, and its high incidence on core issues such as care, fertility rate, and the daily challenge of balancing family and work. In light of this, we tried to discover whether and under what conditions the introduction of different S.W. forms could be a win-win solution for companies and employees alike
Leave policies in Italy: towards a new scenario?
No full textThe Italian norms protecting the family with regard to maternity and childhood have been considerably modified in the last few decades, mainly with the aim of improving children’s wellbeing but also in order to create better conditions for reconciling maternity and work rights.
Following the ground-breaking laws Nos. 1204 of 1971 and 903 of 1977 - which offered protection to working mothers and equal treatment of men and women at work respectively - Act No. 53 of 8 March 2000 (Provisions on Maternity and Paternity Safeguard and Support, the Right to Care and Time Coordination in the Cities) significantly changed legislation regulating employment rights in relation to childcare. For the first time in Italy, in fact, it introduces the individual right of male employees with small children to take parental leave, thus undermining the idea of childcare as a women-only responsibility. Besides, the law considers the parental couple (rather than the individual parents) the essential reference for the child’s growth process. The underlying vision of parenting is thus a co-responsible inter-parental relationship
Having summarized strengths and weaknesses of Act No. 53 of 8 March 2000 this paper explores the great transformation processes occurred in the Italian legislation on leaves: the implementation of Jobs Act (Legislative Decree 15 June 2015, n. 80) that has developed innovative pathways; and, above all, the measures contained in the Budget Law 2017 (Law of 11 December 2016 n. 232) and in the Budget Law 2018 (Law of 27 December 2017 n. 205)- the main rules laid down by the Italian legal system to adjust economic policy in the next three years through fiscal policy measures.
The Italian case raises wider questions about the design of parental leave policies, their impact on parenting practices and the gendering of care: the measures introduced in Italy actually fosters a “short-leave male breadwinner” model (Wall, 2008), where the involvement of fathers in care is still very limited; they also confirm the centrality of women to domestic and care work, as well as their scarce presence in the labour market, compared with the majority of other EU countries (Rossi, Carrà, & Mazzucchelli, 2009).
The new norms (Jobs Act and Budget laws) introduce a significant cultural shift in the legislative context: from a culture centred on the sharing of parenting and on the enhancement of the family as main care actor to a workfare culture, marked by a strong gender segregation and where the primary care actor is external to the family and kinship network (nanny or day-care). For a better and complete understanding of the law and its impact, it is hovewer necessary to look at the interplay of different family policies, i.e. on leave, childcare, working time regulation and tax benefits (Ejrnæs, 2008). It is moreover important try to understand the complex relationship between the arena of welfare policies and the wider configuration of socio-economic and institutional frameworks within which the Italian welfare regime is placed.
Whilst highlighting the extent to which parental leave is used – more and more lacking datum in recent years - the literature does not tell us about parents’ satisfaction with the solutions they have adopted. The latest findings on reconciliation (ISTAT, 2011), however, show that for over a quarter of parents the most crucial time is their children’s school-age years, also stretching to after their entry into higher education. This challenges the general belief that the work-family reconciliation problem coincides solely with children’s early years (0-3). Extending parental leave until a child’s 12th year already shows a certain openness towards understanding families’ real care needs but the above data, however, shows that this understanding is still insufficient.
An analysis of parents’ apparent motives for not using the leave (ISTAT, 2011) also shows that they count on alternative, diversified childcare strategies. This suggests that the resources provided by a social policies system must meet the requirements of couples who seek a suitable way for tackling the challenge of the transition to parenthood (Donati, Prandini, 2008). A more personalised approach to the needs of individual families, however, also requires families to have the capacity to evaluate and effectively re-combine their actual resources.
Finally, the presence of certain methodological limitations must not be overlooked. The fact that research data from various sources refer to individuals hinders a relational discussion of the issue (Rossi, 2009). Also leave is used differently not only by women and men but depending on parents’ education, income and employment situation; and these differ both individually and between partners, making the impact of leave policies uneven; moreover, the absence of good comparative data on eligibility and take-up rates makes it difficult to compare different socio-economic groups or make proper evaluations of different leave policies
"La formazione alla genitorialità in alcuni progetti attuati in Lombardia nell'ambito della legge 285/97"
No full textIl tema della genitorialità riveste attualmente un’enorme rilievo. Esemplare in tal senso è la diffusione, in ambito internazionale, di programmi strutturati che intendono potenziare la relazione parentale: i parent training programs1.
Dallo studio di tali esperienze2 è scaturita l’idea di comprendere la modalità di affronto e trattazione della genitorialità nell’ambito della L.285/97.
Ho così analizzato dettagliatamente cinque progetti3 relativi all’area tematica considerata ed afferenti a tre diversi ambiti provinciali lombardi.
Utilizzando l’intervista semi-strutturata4 e l’analisi del contenuto5 quali metodologie rispettivamente di studio e di analisi, sono giunta così ad elaborare delle brevi considerazioni sugli interventi esaminati
BPM - BANCA POPOLARE DI MILANO (case study)
No full textIl presente capitolo rappresenta l'analisi del case study BPM secndo il modello relazionale di analisi delle Buone pratiche di welfare aziendal
I modelli di politiche relative ai congedi e l'articolazione lavoro/famiglia in Europa: una prospettiva comparativa
No full textLeave arrangements for parents may be seen as a fundamental element of the policy “package” regarding the reconciliation of work and family life. Paid maternity leave and paid or unpaid parental leave are now available throughout Europe – Western, Central and Eastern (Deven and Moss, 2002). Policy developments over the last decade have also increased the presence of paternity leave and of the ‘father’s quota’, and some countries have encouraged long periods of parental leave, with an emphasis on “home care” for children below age three. Both developments raise the issue of gender equality in leave policy.
Although work-family balance is high on the policy agenda, both at national and EU levels, within Europe there are considerable variations in the structuring of leave arrangements, as well as in the rationales and objectives of leave policy. Our aim in this paper is to identify the main “leave policy models” which exist in contemporary European society. Drawing on comparative data for 19 European countries and on varied statistical data concerning work/family issues in Europe, we will examine major cross-national variations in leave policy measures and analyse their interconnections with parental employment, early childhood services, and policies linking work, family and gender
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