1,720,985 research outputs found
Intraoperative Radioguided Localization of an Occult Neuroendocrine Tumor of the Ileum
No full textWe report the intraoperative radioguided localization of an occult well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumor of the ileum in a patient with a known neuroendocrine lymphonodal metastasis in the mesentery. Preoperative imaging included CT, PET/CT with Ga-68-DOTATOC, and SPECT/CT with Tc-99m-HYNICTOC. These scans revealed morphological and functional properties of the primary tumor localized in the ileum. The day after IV Tc-99m-HYNICTOC injection, the patient underwent surgery, and the target lesion was intraoperatively detected by a collimated handheld gamma-probe. Postoperative pathology examination confirmed the target lesion to be a neuroendocrine tumor of the ileum
Sentinel lymph node biopsy in small papillary thyroid cancer. A review on novel surgical techniques
No full textPurpose: Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SNB) in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and negative for clinically neck lymph node metastatic involvement (N0) has emerged as a promising minimally invasive procedure to detect metastatic nodes. Methods: The MEDLINE database was searched via the PubMed interface on 10 January 2018 for the MeSH headings “sentinel lymph node biopsy” and “thyroid carcinoma”. Results: Vital blue dye, radioisotope, and the combination of both techniques are used in PTC patients. These methods and the emerging role of SPECT/CT are discussed in this review. The sentinel lymph node (SLN) identification rates ranged from 0 to 100% for blue dye, 83 to 100% for radioisotopes, and 66 to 100% for the combination of both techniques, respectively. Conclusions: SNB based on radioisotope technique with the use of intraoperative gamma-probe is an accurate and safe method that allows the highest SLN detection rate. There is sufficient evidence to propagate the increasing use of SNB procedure that has the potential to avoid prophylactic lymph node surgery in patients clinically N0
Sentinel node mapping in melanoma of the back: SPECT/CT helps discriminate "True" and "False" in-transit lymph nodes
No full textA 32-year-old man with melanoma on the right paramedian region of the lower back underwent lymphoscintigraphy for radioguided sentinel node (SN) biopsy. Planar imaging showed the presence of 2 sites of radioactivity accumulation corresponding to an axillary SN and to an "in-transit" SN, located on the right side of the upper trunk. A further "hot spot" placed on the left paramedian region of the lower back was identified by planar lymphoscintigraphy. This last finding could be mistaken for another "in-transit" SN, but SPECT/CT demonstrated it was actually a nonspecific radiopharmaceutical accumulation at the level of the right renal pelvis
Measures of performance for sentinel lymph node biopsy in oro-oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis
No full textPurposeThe aim of this meta-analysis was to compare the reported sentinel lymph node detection rate (SDR), false-negative rate (FNR), and negative predictive value (NPV) as measures of performance of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SNB) techniques based on the use of radio-colloids, in clinically neck-negative T1/2 oro-oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.MethodsStudies were stratified according to the SNB technique: (1) Tc-99m-nanocolloid planar lymphoscintigraphy with the use of intra-operative hand-held gamma-probe (L-G); (2) L-G with the additional contribution of pre-operative SPECT/CT (L-SPECT/CT-G); (3) L-G with the additional contribution of intra-operative blue dye or indocyanine green optical tracers (L-G-O); (4) L-SPECT/CT-G with the additional contribution of optical tracers (L-SPECT/CT-G-O). The SDRs were summarized accordingly. To summarize the FNRs and NPVs: (i) the index test (SNB) was based on histological evaluation of resected sentinel lymph nodes (SLN) performed on immunohistochemistry and step serial sectioning; (ii) the reference standards were the elective neck dissection or follow-up for tumor-free SNB.ResultsFrom a total of 3693 patients, the overall SDRs for the L-G, L-SPECT/CT-G, L-G-O, and L-SPECT/CT-G-O techniques were 98.2% (95% CI 97-99.1), 98.9% (95% CI 97.5-99.7), 97.4% (95% CI 95.3-98.9), and 98% (95% CI 95.8-99.2). From a total of 1634 patients, the overall FNRs for the L-G, L-SPECT/CT-G and L-G-O techniques were 8.5% (95% CI 3.4-15.5), 6.2% (95% CI 0.9-15.7), and 9.1% (95% CI 4.3-15.4); moreover, the overall NPVs were 93% (95% CI 90.5-94.9), 91.2% (95% CI 88.3-93.8), and 93.9% (95% CI 90.9-96.3), respectively. Promising initial findings emerged from L-SPECT/CT-G-O.ConclusionsThe superiority of SPECT/CT over planar methods has been reported for providing identification of SLNs by aberrant lymphatic drainage. The additional contribution of optical tracers (mainly represented by blue dye) to the radiocolloid-based techniques did not improve significantly the measures of performance
Sentinel lymph node biopsy of oral/oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma: Techniques, indications, advantages, and accuracy
No full textNo abstract availabl
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Sentinel lymph node biopsy in breast cancer: a technical and clinical appraisal
Full text linkBreast cancer is the most common type of cancer diagnosed in women worldwide. Regional lymph node status is one of the strongest predictors of long-term prognosis in primary breast cancer. Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) has replaced axillary lymph node dissection as the standard surgical procedure for staging clinically tumor-free regional nodes in patients with early-stage breast cancer. SLNB staging considerably reduces surgical morbidity in terms of shoulder dysfunction and lymphedema, without affecting diagnostic accuracy and prognostic information. Clinicians should not recommend axillary lymph node dissection for women with early-stage breast cancer who have tumor-free findings on SLNB because there is no advantage in terms of overall survival and disease-free survival. Starting from the early 1990s, SLNB has increasingly been used in breast cancer management, but its role is still debated under many clinical circumstances. Moreover, there is still a lack of standardization of the basic technical details of the procedure that is likely to be responsible for the variability found in the false-negative rate of the procedure (5.5-16.7%). In this article, we report the aspects of SLNB that are well established, those that are still debated, and the advancements that have taken place over the last 20 years. We have provided an update on the methodology from both a technical and a clinical point of view in the light of the most recent publications
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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