1,721,085 research outputs found
Natorp, Cassirer and the Influence of Relativity Theory on Neo-Kantian Philosophy
No full textIn this paper, I will survey the “received view” of the interpretation of
relativity theory in Natorp and Cassirer. Neo-Kantian and non-neo-Kantian scholars
(such as Hentschel or Ferrari) usually distinguish Natorp’s reading from Cassirer’s
by virtue of “immunising” and “revising” strategies. “Immunisation” consists of a
strict defence of Kantian philosophy, while “revision” pertains to the modification
of Kantianism depending on relativity theory. In this respect, I will suggest some
arguments that will put things in perspective. In particular, I will show that Natorp’s
interpretation is justified considering the state of physical research in 1910. By
the same token, I will highlight where Cassirer leverages immunising strategies.
However, I will demonstrate that, in contrast to Natorp, the influence of general
relativity (GR) is pivotal to Cassirer and it does have an impact on his whole
epistemology (and philosophy), implying a highly radical reform of pure intuition
in light of general covariance. I will also add that Cassirer may have a bearing
on Einstein as to the possibility of reconsidering his former censure of Kantian
philosophy
Philosophers and Einstein’s Relativity
No full textThis book offers an up-to-date insight into the early philosophical debate on Einsteinian relativity. The essays explore the reception and interpretation of Einstein’s ideas by some of the most important philosophical schools of the time, such as logical positivism (Reichenbach), neo-Kantianism (Cassirer, Natorp), critical realism (Sellars), and radical empiricism (Mach). The book is aimed at physicists and historians of science researching the epistemological implications of the theory of relativity, as well as to scholars in philosophy interested in understanding how leading philosophical figures of the early twentieth century reacted to the relativistic revolution
A Machian Interpretation of the Theory of Relativity? Joseph Petzoldt’s Reading of Einstein
No full textEven though the relationship between Einstein and Mach is well studied, the literature on the topic often overlooks that Mach never provided an interpretation for the theory of relativity. Rather, it was Mach’s pupil Joseph Petzoldt who published several works to prove that Machian philosophy constituted the correct philosophical framework for the theory of relativity. The paper reconstructs Petzoldt’s philosophy and his interpretation of the theory of relativity, also showing how his conceptions sometimes differed from that of Mach. Thus, the study also explains why Einstein expressed a favorable opinion of Petzoldt's work. On the one hand, the overall Machian tone of Petzoldt’s philosophy resonated with Einstein’s own Machian perspective. On the other hand, Petzoldt had developed the notion of Eindeutigkeit, which tended towards a stronger determinism (different from Mach's Humean conception of causality), and Einstein appreciated this deterministic version of Mach’s thought
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Oral manifestations in chronic uremia patients
Full text linkThe incidence of chronic renal failure (CRF) is approximately 200 cases per million people in different Western countries. Recent data indicate that the incidences of these pathologies are increasing. Ninety percent of patients with CRF report oral signs and symptoms that affect both the bone and soft tissues. A broad range of lesions may be observed in chronic uratemia patients, including the following: gingival hyperplasia, enamel hypoplasia, petechiae, gingival bleeding, and others lesions. These patients require various types of treatment ranging from dietary and lifestyle changes to dialysis and kidney transplantation. CRF often leads to multiple oral manifestations that are difficult for dentists to manage. The present study examined the characteristics of this disease, the existing therapeutic options and the relevant considerations for dental professionals
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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