1,139 research outputs found
Uncovering more than a decade of WEAI use in USAID projects
No full textSince its launch in 2012, the Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture Index (WEAI) has been widely used in USAID projects to prioritize and target activities that aim to promote women’s empowerment. It has been implemented in at least 37 countries by more than 200 partners and 60 different USAID operating units, offering valuable insights into the gender dynamics of agricultural production and identifying opportunities to enhance gender equality and women’s empowerment. By providing a more nuanced understanding of the challenges that women encounter in the agricultural sector, WEAI has played a crucial role in enhancing the ability of USAID programming to improve the lives of women and their families.
This report presents key findings gathered from all reported WEAI use cases in the Development Experience Clearinghouse (DEC), the largest resource for USAID-funded technical and project materials. A use case refers to a unique, real-world ex ample in which WEAI has been applied or utilized. A use case can demonstrate how WEAI has been used in a specific context or project, providing insight into its effectiveness, limitations, and potential for future applications. Together, these findings highlight the importance of WEAI as a tool for promoting gender equality and empowering women in the agricultural sector, while also providing useful insights that can inform future policies and programs.Non-PRIFPRI1; G Cross-cutting gender theme; Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture Index; Feed the Future InitiativePoverty, Gender, and Inclusion (PGI); Food and Nutrition Polic
Adolescent nutrition in Indonesia: What have we learned?
No full textInvestments in adolescent health have the potential to influence the future course of global health by improving the health and nutritional status of adolescents themselves, their life trajectories in adulthood, and the lives of their future children (1,2). Despite the growing recognition of the importance of adolescent health and nutrition (1–6), very few policies and programs have been designed and imple-mented to improve adolescent nutrition especially in low- and middle-income countries. There is also little evidence on how to effectively address the health and nutrition needs of adolescents from well-designed program effectiveness studies. Having a clear understanding of the nutritional problems of adolescents, and the drivers of those problems are prerequisites to developing appropriate policies and programs to improve adolescent nutrition, health and well-being. This brief offers a concise overview of the key nutritional challenges among Indonesian adolescents and current policies and programs to address these challenges. It also highlights other programs and policies to consider based on regional and international experiences.Non-PRIFPRI1; Voice for Change Partnership; CRP4PHND; A4NHCGIAR Research Program on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health (A4NH
Gender, poverty, and disability in the National Action Plan for Food and Nutrition 2017-2019 of Indonesia and ways forward
No full textOver the past two decades Indonesia has undergone a major economic transformation including reducing the poverty rate by more than half to a current level of about 10% and becoming the 10th largest economy in the world. However, as the fourth most populous nation, this means that about 25 million Indonesians are living below the poverty line and even more are at-risk of falling into poverty. Although Indonesia’s economic growth has been impressive, indices related to human development and inclusion indicate that there is room for improvement. Across several indices, Indonesia is ranked in the bottom third to the bottom half of all countries.Non-PRIFPRI1; Voice for Change Partnership; CRP4PHND; A4NHCGIAR Research Program on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health (A4NH
Gender, poverty and disability in the National Action Plan for Food and Nutrition 2017-2019 of Indonesia and ways forward
No full textSocial inclusion is defined by the World Bank Group as the process of improving the terms of individuals and groups to take part in society, and the process of improving the ability, opportunity, and dignity of those disadvantaged based on their identity to take part in society. Groups can be excluded based on several characteristics or life circumstances. These include poverty, gender, age, religion, ethnicity and disability, among others. Within a country context, social exclusion implies that excluded groups are not able to fully participate in their country’s political, economic, and social life and often are unable to fully benefit from programs and policies intended to benefit the population at large. As Indonesia’s economy continues to grow, it is essential that issues of social inclusion be considered in nutrition-related policies and programs. This is especially important as often socially excluded groups are those most at risk of health and nutrition problems.Non-PRIFPRI1; Voice for Change Partnership; CRP4PHND; A4NHCGIAR Research Program on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health (A4NH
Identification of a Kitaev quantum spin liquid by magnetic field angle dependence
No full text© 2022, The Author(s).Quantum spin liquids realize massive entanglement and fractional quasiparticles from localized spins, proposed as an avenue for quantum science and technology. In particular, topological quantum computations are suggested in the non-abelian phase of Kitaev quantum spin liquid with Majorana fermions, and detection of Majorana fermions is one of the most outstanding problems in modern condensed matter physics. Here, we propose a concrete way to identify the non-abelian Kitaev quantum spin liquid by magnetic field angle dependence. Topologically protected critical lines exist on a plane of magnetic field angles, and their shapes are determined by microscopic spin interactions. A chirality operator plays a key role in demonstrating microscopic dependences of the critical lines. We also show that the chirality operator can be used to evaluate topological properties of the non-abelian Kitaev quantum spin liquid without relying on Majorana fermion descriptions. Experimental criteria for the non-abelian spin liquid state are provided for future experiments.11Nsciescopu
WEAI-Climate Stakeholder Consultation Workshop
No full textThe Methods Module of the CGIAR GENDER Impact Platform convened a group of experts on climate change and gender from CGIAR and partner organizations at a workshop held in Washington, DC, November 9-10, 2023. The goal of the workshop was to identify measurement gaps and best practices to support the development of a new tool for measuring women’s empowerment in the context of climate change and resilience. This new tool will complement the existing project-level Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture Index (pro-WEAI) and will be developed and piloted in collaboration with IFPRI’s Gender, Climate Change and Nutrition Integration Initiative (GCAN) over the next two years.Non-PRIFPRI1; G Cross-cutting gender theme; GCAN; Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture IndexNatural Resources and Resilience (NRR); Transformation Strategies; Poverty, Gender, and Inclusion (PGI); Food and Nutrition PolicyCGIAR Gender Platfor
Stories of Change: Rwanda: Understanding the drivers of stunting reduction among Rwandan children from 2005 to 2015
No full textDespite significant progress, childhood stunting is still a serious public health concern in Rwanda. To make further progress in reduc-ing child stunting it is essential to understand the context-specific drivers of stunting to devise strategies to address these causes. The primary objective of this study was to assess the drivers of change in stunting reduction among children 0-59 months of age between 2005 and 2015 in Rwanda.PRIFPRI1; CRP4; Capacity Strengthening; 2 Promoting Healthy Diets and Nutrition for all; 5 Strengthening Institutions and Governance; Voice for Change Partnership; Stories of Change in Nutrition; Rwanda SSPPHND; A4NHCGIAR Research Program on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health (A4NH
Emergent localized states at the interface of a twofold PT -symmetric lattice
No full textⓒAmerican Physical Society. We consider the role of nontriviality resulting from a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian without band topology that conserves twofold PT symmetry assembled by interconnections between a PT -symmetric lattice and its timereversal partner. Twofold PT symmetry in the lattice produces additional surface exceptional points that play the role of new critical points, along with the bulk exceptional point. We show that there are two distinct regimes possessing symmetry-protected localized states of which localization lengths are robust against non-Hermiticity parameter. The states are demonstrated by numerical calculation of a quasi-one-dimensional ladder lattice and a two-dimensional bilayered square lattice.11Nscopu
Social assistance programme impacts on women's and children's diets and nutritional status
No full textInvestments in social assistance programmes (SAPs) have accelerated alongside interest in using SAPs to improve health and nutrition outcomes. However, evidence of how design features within and across programme types influence the effectiveness of SAPs for improving diet and nutrition outcomes among women and children is limited. To address this, we reviewed evaluations of cash, in-kind and voucher programmes conducted between 2010 and 2020 among women and children, and examined associations between design features (targeting, including household and individual transfers, fortified foods and behaviour change communication) and positive impacts on diet (diet diversity, micronutrient intake) and nutrition (anthropometric indicators, haemoglobin, anaemia) outcomes. Our review has several key findings. First, SAPs improve dietary diversity and intake of micronutrient-rich foods among women and children, as well as improve several nutrition outcomes. Second, SAPs were more likely to impact diet and nutrition outcomes among women compared with children (23/45 [51%] vs. 52/144 [36%] of outcomes measured). Third, in-kind (all but one of which included fortified foods) compared with cash transfer programmes were more likely to significantly increase women's body mass index and children's weight-for-height/length Z-score, and both women's and children's haemoglobin and anaemia. However, there is limited evidence on the effectiveness of SAPs for improving micronutrient status and preventing increased prevalence of overweight and obesity for all populations and for improving diet and nutrition outcomes among men, adolescents and the elderly. Further research in these areas is urgently needed to optimize impact of SAPs on diet and nutrition outcomes as countries increase investments in SAPs.PRIFPRI3; ISI; CRP4; 2 Promoting Healthy Diets and Nutrition for all; IFPRIOAPHND; A4NHCGIAR Research Program on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health (A4NH
Nutrition-sensitive social protection programs within food systems
No full textInvestments in social assistance programs (SAPs) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are increasing. As investments increase, the objectives of these programs are expanding from focusing on reducing poverty to addressing other social issues such as improving diets and nutrition. At the same time, there is increasing interest in addressing all forms of malnutrition within the framework of food systems. Given the intersections between SAPs and food systems, we reviewed the effectiveness of SAPs (agriculture asset transfers, cash transfers, in-kind transfers, vouchers, public works and school meals programs) for reducing all forms of malnutrition across the lifecycle within a food systems framework. As several programs included multiple treatment arms, each representing a unique program design, we used study arm as the unit of analysis and assessed the proportion of study arms with positive or negative program impacts on diet and nutrition outcomes among men, women and children. The majority of the studies included in this review were from evaluations of agriculture asset, cash and in-kind transfer programs. There was clear evidence of positive impacts on women’s and children’s diet-related outcomes. Very few studies assessed program impact on women’s nutritional status outcomes. However, there was some evidence of impacts on increasing body mass index and hemoglobin concentration (Hb) with in-kind transfer programs. Among children, several study arms across the agriculture asset, cash and in-kind transfer programs found positive impacts on increasing height-for-age Z-score (33%-45% of study arms) and weight-for-height Z-score (33%-50% of study arms) and decreasing the prevalence of wasting (43%-60% of study arms). Cash and in-kind transfer programs also found positive effects on reducing stunting prevalence in 33% and 45% of study arms, respectively. Lastly, a few study arms assessed program impact on increasing Hb with some evidence of positive impacts in in-kind and school feeding programs. There was a paucity of relevant evidence of the effectiveness of voucher and public works programs on diet and nutrition outcomes, for men’s outcomes and on micronutrient status. Several challenges remain in understanding the potential for SAPs to improve diet and nutrition outcomes within food systems including the heterogeneity of program and evaluation designs, populations targeted by the programs and included in evaluations and indicators used to assess impact. Addressing these challenges in future evaluations is important for informing program and policy actions to improve the effectiveness of SAPs within food systems for improving diet and nutrition outcomes across the lifecycle.Non-PRIFPRI2; CRP4; 2 Promoting Healthy Diets and Nutrition for allPHND; A4NHCGIAR Research Program on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health (A4NH
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