1,720,959 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Chemical targeting of the membrane transporter for lactate SLC16A3
No full textDie Solute Carrier (SLC)-Superfamilie ist eine vielfältige Gruppe von mehr als 450 Membrantransportern, die in Menschen eine entscheidende Rolle beim Austausch von Molekülen zwischen der Zelle und ihrer Umgebung sowie den einzelnen subzellulären Kompartimenten spielen. Eine Vielzahl von Studien hat die einzelnen Mitglieder der SLC-Superfamilie mit einem breiten Spektrum physiologischer Prozesse und Krankheiten in Verbindung gebracht. Darüber hinaus gelten SLCs als pharmakologisch modulierbare („druggable") und vielversprechende therapeutische Ziele in vielen verschiedenen Krankheiten. Trotzdem bleibt das therapeutische Potential der SLC-Superfamilie zu großen Teilen ungenutzt, hauptsächlich aufgrund mangelnden Verständnisses der biologischen Funktionen vieler SLCs und der begrenzten Verfügbarkeit von Werkzeugen wie biologischen Assays oder niedermolekularer Werkzeuge („tool compounds“), die für eine effektive Untersuchung erforderlich wären.Der einführende Abschnitt dieser Arbeit beleuchtet kurz einige der allgemeinen Charakteristika von SLCs, wobei der Schwerpunkt insbesondere auf der SLC-Pharmakologie und den Assay-Technologien liegt. Jüngste Fortschritte - insbesondere im strukturbiologischen Verständnis von SLCs – ermöglichen die Untersuchung der Wirkungsweise bestehender SLC-Medikamente und somit ein präziseres Verständnis der SLC-Pharmakologie. Anschließend geben wir einen Überblick über die bestehenden SLC-spezifischen Assays und diskutieren ihre breitere Anwendbarkeit sowie SLC-Eigenschaften, die für die molekularbiologische Untersuchung von SLCs und entsprechende Assay-Entwicklung zentral sind.Letztendlich konzentriert sich diese Arbeit auf die Entwicklung einer vielseitigen Assay-Strategie zur SLC-orientierten Identifizierung potentieller SLC-bindender Moleküle und zur anschließenden Entwicklung spezifischer und selektiver Moleküle zur gezielten Bindung und Inhibition einzelner SLCs zu entwickeln. Zu diesem Zweck haben wir ein Assay-System namens "Paralog-dependent isogenic cell assay" oder PARADISO entwickelt, das genetische Interaktionen und funktionaler Überschneidungen zwischen Paralog-Genen gezielt ausnutzt. Das Grundprinzip beruht auf der Konstruktion einer Reihe von Zelllinien, die jeweils individuell auf ein einzelnes Paralog-Gen der Familie für ihr Wachstum oder ihre Überlebensfähigkeit angewiesen sind. Diese Zelllinien werden dann in einer schrittweise Screening-Kampagne verwendet, um hoch selektive Inhibitoren zu identifizieren. Wir konzentrierten uns auf Laktat-Transporter der SLC16-Familie und entwickelten einen hochselektiven und potenten chemischen Inhibitor für SLC16A3. SLC16A3, auch als MCT4 (Monocarboxylat-Transporter 4) bekannt, ist ein Laktat-Transporter mit einer wichtigen und zunehmend anerkannten Rolle in verschiedenen Pathologien, einschließlich Krebs. Der in dieser Arbeit beschriebene Ansatz kann grundsätzlich für andere SLCs, aber auch für andere Proteine verwendet werden und kann besonders nützlich sein, wenn der Zugang zu anderen Assays und molekularen Werkzeugen begrenzt ist.The Solute Carrier (SLC) superfamily is a diverse group of more than 450 membrane transporters which in humans have a crucial role in chemical exchange between the cell and its environment as well as individual subcellular compartments. A multitude of studies connected the individual members of the SLC superfamily to a diverse spectrum of physiological processes and diseases. Moreover, SLCs are considered to be pharmacologically tractable (“druggable”) and promising therapeutic targets in many and diverse diseases. Despite this, the SLC superfamily remains pharmacologically underexploited, mainly due to poor understanding of the biological functions of many SLCs and limited availability of tools such as biological assays or tool compounds that would be required to study them effectively.The introductory section of this thesis briefly reviews some of the general characteristics of SLCs, with a particular focus on the SLC druggability and assay technologies. The recent progress, particularly in structural biology of SLCs, provided an opportunity to survey the mode of actions of existing SLC targeting drugs and thus re-fine the scope of SLC druggability. Subsequently, we provide an overview of the existing kind for SLC-focused assays and discuss their wider applicability as well as SLC characteristics that are important to assess SLC properties that can be monitored.Ultimately, the focus of this thesis is developing a versatile assay strategy for SLC-oriented identification of cognate chemical compounds and consequent development of specific and selective probes targeting individual SLCs. To this end, we developed an assay system called Paralog-dependent isogenic cell assay, or PARADISO, which is based on exploiting the genetic interactions and functional overlap among paralog genes. The core principle relies on engineering a series of cell lines, each individually dependent on a particular paralog gene for its growth or survival fitness. These cell lines are then used in a logical cascade of screening steps that provide for high selectivity. We focused on lactate transporters of the SLC16 family and developed a highly selective and potent small molecule chemical inhibitor targeting SLC16A3. SL16A3, also known as MCT4 (monocarboxylate transporter 4) is a lactate transporter with an important and increasingly recognized role in several disease areas including cancer. The approach described in this thesis can in principle be used for other SLCs, but also other proteins, and can be especially useful when the access to other assays and tool compounds is limited.Abweichender Titel laut Übersetzung der Verfasserin/des VerfassersDissertation Medizinische Universität Wien 202
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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