1,720,981 research outputs found
Your ViT is Secretly an Image Segmentation Model
Get PDFVision Transformers (ViTs) have shown remarkable performance and scalability across various computer vision tasks. To apply single-scale ViTs to image segmentation, existing methods adopt a convolutional adapter to generate multi-scale features, a pixel decoder to fuse these features, and a Transformer decoder that uses the fused features to make predictions. In this paper, we show that the inductive biases introduced by these task-specific components can instead be learned by the ViT itself, given sufficiently large models and extensive pre-training. Based on these findings, we introduce the Encoder-Only Mask Transformer (EoMT), which repurposes the plain ViT architecture to conduct image segmentation. With large-scale models and pre-training, EoMT obtains a segmentation accuracy similar to state-of-the-art models that use task-specific components. At the same time, EoMT is significantly faster than these methods due to its architectural simplicity, e.g., up to 4 × faster with ViT-L. Across a range of model sizes, EoMT demonstrates an optimal balance between segmentation accuracy and prediction speed, suggesting that compute resources are better spent on scaling the ViT itself rather than adding architectural complexity. Code: https://www.tue-mps.org/eomt/
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Dealing with uncertainty through prototyping
No full textAs the COVID-19 struck, many organizations faced the challenge to rapidly adapt in order to stay relevant. Over night consumers’ needs changed, leaving the organizations in an uncertain environment. The current situation highlights that organizations need approaches that must enable them engage in search activities, in order to find out how to adapt and deal with uncertainty. This thesis was carried out in the context of a strategy design agency. They help their clients to explore how to adapt an organization by designing strategies and new business models. By a design doing approach they help their clients to engage in search activities with a focus on business model innovation. An initial business idea is considered to be a ‘guess’ that needs to be tested. During the search activities a prototyping process is followed to test these ‘guesses’, referred to as assumptions.The prototyping process is carried out by a multidisciplinary team, consisting of employees of the organization from various departments and business designers from a strategic agency. These (validation) teams aim to use prototyping to reduce uncertainty. By carefully deciding what assumptions needs to be tested, an experiment (activity) is designed to do so. Prototypes in the form of artifacts are build to generate learnings. With the use of these learnings, teams can iterate their business model, value proposition and product designs.Initial observations show, validation teams face difficulty to create suitable prototypes, and setups to test these assumptions while uncertainty is only addressed to a limited extent. Underlying assumptions, which are not explicit at first, are seldom considered. To enhance the current practice, a wide range of prototypes are created which are implemented within the context. The implemented prototypes are aimed to enhance the current process, mainly through a digital manner due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Through numerous of prototypes, new ways were explored with the intention to enable teams to address uncertainty, and moreover, help to create suitable prototypes. These efforts manifested in enabling teams to utilize prototypes as a straw man within the team or use prototypes to trigger customers in an early stage. These activities helped the team to go beyond testing assumptions, and enabling them to reveal assumptions. Through the practice of revealing assumptions, the prototyping process enables to drive continuous learning, since the newly revealed assumption can influence learnings goals for the next steps.The project also identified obstacles that could hinder a successful use of prototyping, such as a risk avoidance mindset and lacking skills of team members.Eventually, based on the developed prototypes and generated learnings, a boundary object in the form of a digital warroom was designed and presented. So the teams are being enabled to go through the prototyping process to address uncertainty. The embodied approach of the warroom should help teams to drive changes by developing new business models, value propositions with product & services supporting these.Strategic Product Desig
Intra-Batch Supervision for Panoptic Segmentation on High-Resolution Images
No full textUnified panoptic segmentation methods are achieving state-of-the-art results on several datasets. To achieve these results on high-resolution datasets, these methods apply crop-based training. In this work, we find that, although crop-based training is advantageous in general, it also has a harmful side-effect. Specifically, it limits the ability of unified networks to discriminate between large object instances, causing them to make predictions that are confused between multiple instances. To solve this, we propose Intra-Batch Supervision (IBS), which improves a network’s ability to discriminate between instances by introducing additional supervision using multiple images from the same batch. We show that, with our IBS, we successfully address the confusion problem and consistently improve the performance of unified networks. For the high-resolution Cityscapes and Mapillary Vistas datasets, we achieve improvements of up to +2.5 on the Panoptic Quality for thing classes, and even more considerable gains of up to +5.8 on both the pixel accuracy and pixel precision, which we identify as better metrics to capture the confusion problem
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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