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D6.1 Socio-economic indicators and framework for Nexus-relevant NBS
No full textThe use of water resources has become an important and relevant issue and it is increasingly clear that water management must be addressed with an integrative perspective, interlinking the objectives and needs of multiple sectors. This is at the basis of the water-energy-food-ecosystem (WEFE) nexus approach. The WEFE nexus approach considers the WEFE elements as interdependent and aims to maximise synergies while reducing trade-offs and conflicts that may occur among them.
A plethora of emergent solutions are increasingly being considered within the WEFE nexus management. They fall under the umbrella term of Nature-Based Solutions (NBS). NBS are based on and inspired by nature. They are designed to address societal and environmental challenges and are capable to provide social, economic, and environmental benefits.
The aim of this deliverable is to develop and provide indicators to assess the socio-economic benefits associated with NBS implementation to face WEFE nexus-related challenges vis-à-vis associated costs.
Guidelines have been developed to support decision makers that will select NBS to face WEFE-related challenges. In particular, the guidelines are designed to support evaluating NBS capacity to provide benefits – in terms of ecosystem services - while also considering their implementation and management costs. An illustrative example of the guidelines’ implementation is presented.
This document has been developed within the framework of the EU PRIMA Lenses project (LEarning and action alliances for NexuS EnvironmentS in an uncertain future). The project aims to support and operationalise the nexus paradigm contributing to improve water allocation, enhance food security while preserving ecosystems and aiding climate change adaptation. More specifically, the report has been developed under Work Package 6: “Environmental and natural resource economics approaches for nexus business cases” and task 6.1: “Socio-economic analysis of NBS”
D6.2 Policy indicators and framework for Nexus-relevant NBS
No full textLENSES WP6 requested to provide the methodological and practical foundations for the validation of Nature based Solutions (NBS), in order to guide pilots in the delivering of Nexus-added values. In response to the request, the Working Group on Task 6.2 worked on the definition of a technical guideline to allow the project's pilots to assess the policy enabling environment and governance challenges for Nature-based Solutions (NBS) and devised the following objectives:
- Investigate whether and how WEFE Nexus and NBS concepts are addressed within key European and international policy documents.
- Create an exercise that can guide LENSES pilots to investigate WEFE and NBS concepts within national and subnational policies.
- Collect and present criteria on the most relevant NBS policy and governance frameworks.
- Develop a new framework to support the analysis of the enabling environment capable of assessing how well policy and governance conditions are conducive to the implementation and success of an NBS project.
- Develop a framework user guide to give instructions on the use of the framework to promote its application and circulation among LENSES pilots and other potential final users.
The aim of the report is to provide a useful tool for those who want to design and implement an NBS so that they can work on the less impactful aspects of their NBS project and make it successful. It is important to note that the results of these activities present an initial framework that can be further elaborated and improved through users’ suggestions
Deliverable 3.10 – Report on Socioeconomic indicators for Nexus analysis and management
No full textEcosystem services (ES) are the benefits that humans obtain from ecosystems. Rexus project WP3 aims to investigate the benefits and challenges of applying Nature based Solutions (NBS) within the framework of the Water-Energy-Food (WEF). Task 3.6 oversees considering socio-economic benefits of NBS and addressing the following specific objectives:
- Deepen the ES concept within different classification systems developed so far by the main international initiatives on ES to identify which ES may have a role in addressing the WEF challenges identified by the pilot cases.
- Develop an economic evaluation framework for selected ES and gathering of specific indicators to assess potential ES along with their benefits and values.
- Provide guidance on the selection of the most appropriate NBS to address challenges related to climate resilience and the provision of ES.
The aim of this report is not to assess all the ES involved in the WEF Nexus or in pilot's challenges, rather to provide examples of literature-based indicators and methods for assessing ES that could be applicable in the pilot cases. Thirteen ES have been considered. For each of them a set of three indicators (supply, demand, and economic value) have been identified and reported, including details about the rationale and the meaning of each indicator. To show how to operationalize selected indicators, a test-assessment for the Isonzo-Soča Basin pilot area has been performed and results are shortly presented and discussed.
Finally, to further operationalize the ES analysis and to orient the selection of appropriate NBS, the relation between ES and NBS was investigated via existing literature to provide a preliminary guidance for the selection of NBS by pilots based on the challenges they face and the ES they wish/need to value. The final part of the report is linked with Rexus Task 5.2, where NBS assessment and identification are fully developed and addressed
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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RECONNAISSANCE OF AGRICULTURAL POLICY DEVELOPMENTS IN THE U.S., E.C. AND ITALY
Full text linkFirst Annual Conference on Agricultural Policy and the Environment; Proceedings of a Conference Sponsored by University of Minnesota, Center for International Food and Agricultural Policy; Agricultural Development Regional Agency (ESAV); University of Padova, Motta di Livenza, Italy, June 19-23, 1989, Volume I
Table of Contents:
Agricultural Policy and the Environment, by Danilo Agostini
A Review of Agricultural Policy Developments in the United States, by C. Ford Runge
Italian Agriculture, CAP and the Environment, by Ottone Ferro and Cesare Dosi
ECC Forestry Policy Developments, by Davide Pettenella
Agricultural Policy in Lazio, by F. Mari and Lorenzo Venzi
Agricultural and Environment Policy Development in the Veneto Region, by Giorgia Franceschetii and Tiziano Tempest
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