1,720,982 research outputs found
The evolution of the reading profile in children with developmental dyslexia in a regular ortographies
No full textSeveral researchers have demonstrated that dyslexia develops differently in shallow orthographies in
terms of accuracy and speed. In fact, slow reading speed persists and accuracy improves. The aim of this study is
to investigate the evolution of the specific reading disorder over the years of compulsory education, from primary to
upper secondary school. Furthermore, it has the aim to verify if there are different evolutionary trajectories of reading
skills in relation to the severity of the disorder. The study was carried out on 71 Italian dyslexic children, according to
the diagnostic criteria established by the diagnostic manual ICD – 10 and the Consensus Conference. Two groups were
selected: children who met criteria for mild dyslexia (mild dyslexics, with n=36) and a comparison group of moderate-severe
dyslexics (n=35). All participants were tested at least twice in two different school grades. Comparisons were
made on the average performances in each school grade. The results reveal similar patterns of growth over time in
reading ability, with the mild dyslexics group outperforming the moderate-severe dyslexics group. The performance
trajectory for the moderate-severe dyslexics shows some plateaus and a decrease in performances in the last year
analyzed (1st upper secondary school) while the trajectory for the mild dyslexics always show increases in performances.
All subjects show a steady increase in word and text reading speed and a slower improvement in pseudo-word decoding
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Antioxidant response in Chenopodium album elicited by Ascochyta caulina mycoherbicide phytotoxins
No full textAntioxidant defence responses were evaluated in Chenopodium album plants treated with a mixture of the phytotoxins ascaulitoxin, 2,4,7-triamino-5-hydroxyoctandioic acid (ascaulitoxin aglycone) and trans-4-aminoproline, produced by the pathogenic fungus Ascochyta caulina, previously proposed as mycoherbicide for this noxious weed. The enzymatic and non-enzymatic effects of these phytotoxins on the ascorbate system and on catalase activity were assessed by evaluating their biological and specific activities through spectrophotometric and electrophoretic analyses. In addition, the oxidative status was monitored through evaluating H2O2 content during the time-course. The mixture of toxins induced high levels of H2O2 accumulation resulting in an oxidative burst in the plant cells. Ascorbate peroxidase and catalase had crucial roles in detoxifying H2O2. The persisting metabolic perturbations, however, led to severe necrosis and death of C. album plants. The induced H2O2 production may be generated by the fungus as part of its necrotrophic nature. This study explains the defence responses in C. album to the mycoherbicide, in particular, the ascorbate systems’ components and H2O2 as an index of oxidative stress
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
l'influenza dell'intelligenza emotiva sulla suggestionabilità interrogativa
No full textLa suggestionabilità interrogativa è costituita da 2 fattori: la tendenza ad accettare le domande suggestive (Yield) e la suscettibilità alla critica negativa (Shift) (Gudjonsson, 2003). L’intelligenza emotiva secondo Bar-On (2000) è l’insieme delle abilità emozionali, personali e interpersonali che influenzano l’abilità complessiva delle persone di far fronte alle pressioni dell’ambiente. Si ipotizza che i soggetti meno emotivamente intelligenti e in particolar modo con minori competenze di gestione dello stress e adattabilità siano maggiormente suggestionabili. Ad un campione di 513 soggetti dagli 11 ai 17 anni (274 maschi e 239 femmine) sono stati somministrati la GSS2 (Gudjonsson, 1998; 2003), per misurare la memoria immediata, la memoria differita e le componenti della suggestionabilità interrogativa (Yield= n° di domande suggestive accettate e Shift= n° di risposte modificate dopo la critica), e l' EQ-i:YV (Bar-On, 2000), questionario autosomministrato per la valutazione dell’intelligenza emotiva, costituito da 5 scale principali: Intrapersonale, Interpersonale, Adattabilità, Gestione dello Stress e Umore Generale. I punteggi della Gss2 sono stati correlati con le scale dell’EQ-i:YV attraverso l’analisi dell’indice di correlazione di Pearson. Il quoziente emotivo inferiore alla media, con particolare riferimento alla sottoscala dell’adattabilità, correla in modo negativo con lo shift (r=-0,186 p<0,05) e la suggestionabilità totale (r=-0,168 p<0,05). I punteggi della memoria immediata e differita correlano positivamente con il quoziente emotivo (r=0,96 p<0,05; r=0,150 p<0,01). La memoria differita correla con la sottoscala gestione dello stress (r=0,152) e l’adattabilità (r=0,203) p<0,01. In situazioni in cui l’intelligenza emotiva è inferiore alla media, la presenza di difficoltà nell’adattarsi all’ambiente e di attivare strategie di coping flessibili, influiscono sui livelli di suggestionabilità rendendo maggiormente suscettibili alla critica
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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