2,369 research outputs found
Licania veneralensis Cuatrec. from Colombia collected by W. López, J. Rodriguez, M. Salas #1407
No full textFile Name: TOLI-25069-AMA-02-E5-1.jpg
CÓDIGO FOTO: TOLI-25069-AMA-02-E5-1-
Fotografía: SI
Nº TOLI: TOLI-25069
PARCELA: AMA-02
CÓDIGO: E5-1
Nº COLECTA: 1407
NUEVOS COLECTORES: Wilmar López Oviedo
COLECTORES: W. López, J. Rodriguez, M. Salas
Nº MUESTRAS MONTADAS: 1
Homologación: Homologado
Nueva fecha del evento : 27/11/2018.
Fecha del evento: 01/05/2012.
Proyecto : Recursos Botánicos Disponibles en Línea (BRAVO) para la flora Colombiana
Hábitat: Bosque muy húmedo tropical (bmh-T)
Comentario del evento: Bosque de tierra firme
Continente: SA
Pais: Colombia
Estado/Provincia: Chocó
Municipio: Nuquí
Centro poblado / Cabecera municipal: Arusí
Localidad: Reserva Natural El Amargal
Elevación minima en metros: 50
Elevación maxima en metros: 300
Latitud: 5.578
Longitud original: -77.500
datum geodésico: WGS 84
Latitud decimal: 5.578
Longitud decimal: -77.500
Identificado por: Zoe Goodwin
Fecha de identificación: 26/01/2019.
Familia antigua: Chrysobalanaceae
Especie antigua: NN
Nombre cientifico: Licania veneralensis Cuatrec.
Reino: Plantae
Filo: Magnoliophyta
Clase: Equisetopsida
Familia nueva: Chrysobalanaceae
Género nuevo: Licania
especie nueva: veneralensis
Autoría del nombre científico: Cuatrec.
genero herbario: Licania
especie herbario: veneralensis
Especie de herbario para TNRS: Licania veneralensis
Especie corregida herbario y desde TNRS: Licania veneralensis
Familia corregida desde TNRS: Chrysobalanaceae
: 4085</p
Licania hypoleuca Benth. from Colombia collected by W. López, J. Rodriguez, M. Salas #745
No full textFile Name: TOLI-25093-AMA-02-C20-3.jpg
CÓDIGO FOTO: TOLI-25093-AMA-02-C20-3-
Fotografía: sI
Nº TOLI: TOLI-25093
PARCELA: AMA-02
CÓDIGO: C20-3
Nº COLECTA: 745
NUEVOS COLECTORES: Wilmar López Oviedo
COLECTORES: W. López, J. Rodriguez, M. Salas
Nº MUESTRAS MONTADAS: 1
Homologación: Homologado
Nueva fecha del evento : 27/11/2018.
Fecha del evento: 01/05/2012.
Proyecto : Recursos Botánicos Disponibles en Línea (BRAVO) para la flora Colombiana
Hábitat: Bosque muy húmedo tropical (bmh-T)
Comentario del evento: Bosque de tierra firme
Continente: SA
Pais: Colombia
Estado/Provincia: Chocó
Municipio: Nuquí
Centro poblado / Cabecera municipal: Arusí
Localidad: Reserva Natural El Amargal
Elevación minima en metros: 50
Elevación maxima en metros: 300
Latitud: 5.578
Longitud original: -77.500
datum geodésico: WGS 84
Latitud decimal: 5.578
Longitud decimal: -77.500
Identificado por: Zoe Goodwin
Fecha de identificación: 25/01/2019.
Nombre cientifico: Licania hypoleuca Benth.
Reino: Plantae
Filo: Magnoliophyta
Clase: Equisetopsida
Familia nueva: Chrysobalanaceae
Género nuevo: Licania
especie nueva: hypoleuca
Autoría del nombre científico: Benth.
genero herbario: Licania
especie herbario: hypoleuca
Especie de herbario para TNRS: Licania hypoleuca
Especie corregida herbario y desde TNRS: Licania hypoleuca
Familia corregida desde TNRS: Chrysobalanaceae
: 4108</p
Licania sp. 4 from Colombia collected by W. López, J. Rodriguez, M. Salas #737
No full textFile Name: TOLI-25092-AMA-02-C19-14.jpg
CÓDIGO FOTO: TOLI-25092-AMA-02-C19-14-
Fotografía: SI
Nº TOLI: TOLI-25092
PARCELA: AMA-02
CÓDIGO: C19-14
Nº COLECTA: 737
NUEVOS COLECTORES: Wilmar López Oviedo
COLECTORES: W. López, J. Rodriguez, M. Salas
Nº MUESTRAS MONTADAS: 1
Homologación: Homologado
Nueva fecha del evento : 27/11/2018.
Fecha del evento: 01/05/2012.
Proyecto : Recursos Botánicos Disponibles en Línea (BRAVO) para la flora Colombiana
Hábitat: Bosque muy húmedo tropical (bmh-T)
Comentario del evento: Bosque de tierra firme
Continente: SA
Pais: Colombia
Estado/Provincia: Chocó
Municipio: Nuquí
Centro poblado / Cabecera municipal: Arusí
Localidad: Reserva Natural El Amargal
Elevación minima en metros: 50
Elevación maxima en metros: 300
Latitud: 5.578
Longitud original: -77.500
datum geodésico: WGS 84
Latitud decimal: 5.578
Longitud decimal: -77.500
Identificado por: Zoe Goodwin
Fecha de identificación: 25/01/2019.
Nombre cientifico: Licania sp. 4
Reino: Plantae
Filo: Magnoliophyta
Clase: Equisetopsida
Familia nueva: Chrysobalanaceae
Género nuevo: Licania
especie nueva: sp.4
genero herbario: Licania
especie herbario: sp.4
Especie de herbario para TNRS: Licania sp.4
Especie corregida herbario y desde TNRS: Licania indet
Familia corregida desde TNRS: Chrysobalanaceae
: 4107</p
Licania sp. 1 from Colombia collected by W. López, J. Rodriguez, M. Salas #515
No full textFile Name: TOLI-25072-AMA-02-C6-6.jpg
CÓDIGO FOTO: TOLI-25072-AMA-02-C6-6-
Fotografía: SI
Nº TOLI: TOLI-25072
PARCELA: AMA-02
CÓDIGO: C6-6
Nº COLECTA: 515
NUEVOS COLECTORES: Wilmar López Oviedo
COLECTORES: W. López, J. Rodriguez, M. Salas
Nº MUESTRAS MONTADAS: 1
Homologación: Homologado
Nueva fecha del evento : 27/11/2018.
Fecha del evento: 01/05/2012.
Proyecto : Recursos Botánicos Disponibles en Línea (BRAVO) para la flora Colombiana
Hábitat: Bosque muy húmedo tropical (bmh-T)
Comentario del evento: Bosque de tierra firme
Continente: SA
Pais: Colombia
Estado/Provincia: Chocó
Municipio: Nuquí
Centro poblado / Cabecera municipal: Arusí
Localidad: Reserva Natural El Amargal
Elevación minima en metros: 50
Elevación maxima en metros: 300
Latitud: 5.578
Longitud original: -77.500
datum geodésico: WGS 84
Latitud decimal: 5.578
Longitud decimal: -77.500
Identificado por: Zoe Goodwin
Fecha de identificación: 25/01/2019.
Nombre cientifico: Licania sp. 1
Reino: Plantae
Filo: Magnoliophyta
Clase: Equisetopsida
Familia nueva: Chrysobalanaceae
Género nuevo: Licania
especie nueva: sp.1
genero herbario: Licania
especie herbario: sp.1
Especie de herbario para TNRS: Licania sp.1
Especie corregida herbario y desde TNRS: Licania indet
Familia corregida desde TNRS: Chrysobalanaceae
: 4088</p
Licania cf. octandra (Hoffmanns. ex Roem. & Schult.) Kuntze from Colombia collected by W. López, J. Rodriguez, M. Salas #183
No full textFile Name: TOLI-25070-AMA-02-B11-12.jpg
CÓDIGO FOTO: TOLI-25070-AMA-02-B11-12-
Fotografía: SI
Nº TOLI: TOLI-25070
PARCELA: AMA-02
CÓDIGO: B11-12
Nº COLECTA: 183
NUEVOS COLECTORES: Wilmar López Oviedo
COLECTORES: W. López, J. Rodriguez, M. Salas
Nº MUESTRAS MONTADAS: 1
Homologación: Homologado
Nueva fecha del evento : 27/11/2018.
Fecha del evento: 01/05/2012.
Proyecto : Recursos Botánicos Disponibles en Línea (BRAVO) para la flora Colombiana
Hábitat: Bosque muy húmedo tropical (bmh-T)
Comentario del evento: Bosque de tierra firme
Continente: SA
Pais: Colombia
Estado/Provincia: Chocó
Municipio: Nuquí
Centro poblado / Cabecera municipal: Arusí
Localidad: Reserva Natural El Amargal
Elevación minima en metros: 50
Elevación maxima en metros: 300
Latitud: 5.578
Longitud original: -77.500
datum geodésico: WGS 84
Latitud decimal: 5.578
Longitud decimal: -77.500
Identificado por: Zoe Goodwin
Fecha de identificación: 25/01/2019.
Familia antigua: Chrysobalanaceae
Especie antigua: Licania sp.
Nombre cientifico: Licania cf. octandra (Hoffmanns. ex Roem. & Schult.) Kuntze
Reino: Plantae
Filo: Magnoliophyta
Clase: Equisetopsida
Familia nueva: Chrysobalanaceae
Género nuevo: Licania
genero herbario: Licania
Especie de herbario para TNRS: Licania
Especie corregida herbario y desde TNRS: Licania indet
Familia corregida desde TNRS: Chrysobalanaceae
: 4086</p
Cryptodacus bernardoi Rodriguez & Rodriguez, new species
No full textCryptodacus bernardoi Rodriguez & Rodriguez, new species Figs. 1, 2, 5 –8, 14, 15, 19, 22, 23, 28 –31, 38– 42 Diagnosis. Modified couplets to the latter are provided to include C. bernardoi. It differs from all other species of Cryptodacus in the strongly sinuous shapes of the apical section of vein R 4 + 5 and crossvein dm-m. It differs from all other species except C. obliquus Hendel in lacking brown markings on the face; from all other species except C. trinotatus by the form of the sublateral postsutural vitta on the scutum, which is almost complete, but interrupted anterior to the intra-alar seta; and from other species except C. tau (Foote) by the entirely yellow abdominal syntergite 1 + 2 (Figs. 22, 23). Other useful diagnostic characters include: gena (Figs. 5, 6,) entirely yellow; posterior side of head yellow except lateral occipital sclerite with elongate brown spot; scutellum with base brown, brown area extended to basal scutellar seta; wing (Fig. 19) cell dm with basal and apical hyaline areas, discal band covering posterior part of crossvein dm-m, middle of dm-m without brown border; abdominal tergites 3–4 with broad brown bands, that on tergite 5 sometimes narrowly divided into 3 parts; oviscape yellow (Figs. 1, 20); aculeus tip with large serrations (Figs. 28–30). Description. Length 4.8 –5.0 mm. Mesonotum length 1.5–1.7 mm. Wing length 3.2–3.5 mm, width 1.3–1.5 mm, length/width ratio: 2.3. Measurements made on holotype female and one paratype male. Head (Figs. 5–8): Mostly pale yellow. Ocellar tubercle brown. Orbital plate with irregular brown stripe. Frons with pair of large dark brown spots aligned with and including base of middle frontal seta. 3 frontal setae; 2 orbital setae, well separated, distance between them 2.3–2.6 times distance from anterior seta to eye margin. Ocellar setae weak, 1.5 –2.0 times length of ocellar tubercle. Lunule entirely dark brown. Face entirely pale yellow, without brown spots; ventral margin strongly arched; gena and postgena entirely pale yellow. Posterior side of head entirely pale yellow except lateral occipital sclerite with elongate brown spot. Clypeus, prementum and palpus entirely yellow. Antenna with scape and pedicel yellow, first flagellomere dark yellow except moderate brown on apex, elongate, 4.5 –5.0 times as long as wide, apex flattened, in lateral view rounded. Arista short pubescent on distal half. Thorax (Figs. 14, 15): Mostly dark brown to black, with following whitish markings: postpronotal lobe and presutural lateral margin of scutum, connected to band on transverse suture; band on transverse suture (interrupted medially), extended across posterior part of notopleuron and posterior margin of anepisternum, almost reaching katepisternum; elongate spot on dorsal margin of katepisternum, not extending to katepisternal seta; single medial and paired sublateral postsutural vittae on scutum, medial vitta short, extended anteriorly almost to level of transverse suture, and posteriorly to midway between levels of acrostichal and dorsocentral setae, lateral vitta connected to band on transverse suture, extending almost to level of postalar seta but not reaching intra-alar seta; rectangular area posterior and lateral to intra-alar seta; and scutellum except base, brown part extending to and including base of basal scutellar seta. Scutum entirely microtrichose. Chaetotaxy normal for genus, postpronotal, 2 notopleural, 1 anepisternal, anepimeral, katepisternal, postsutural supra-alar, intra-alar, postalar, dorsocentral, acrostichal, and 2 scutellar setae well developed. Presutural supra-alar seta relatively small, half to two-thirds size of postsutural supra-alar seta. Dorsocentral seta aligned one-half to two-thirds distance from postsutural supra-alar seta to postalar seta. Legs mostly pale yellow, mid and hind coxae with small lateral brown areas, fore and mid tibiae pale brown, hind tibia dark brown, all tarsi pale brown. Wing (Fig. 19): With 4 bands: subbasal band, entirely brown, extended from cells bc and c to midlength of vein CuA+CuP, covering base of cell br, all of cells bm and bcu, and base of cell m 4 (except bordering fold); discal band, connected to subbasal band in cell c, curved posteriorly and extended to posterior wing margin distally in cell m 4, covering cell r 1 posterior to pterostigma, base of cell r 2 + 3, apex of cell br, crossvein r-m and posterior half of crossvein dm-m, dark brown anteriorly, from cell r 1 to middle of cell dm orange medially with broad, dark brown margins, posterior quarter paler brown; narrow, brown subapical band from distal part of cell r 1 to anterior end of crossvein dm-m, faint in cells r 1 and r 2 + 3; and narrow faint brown anterior apical band from distal part of cell r 2 + 3 to apex of vein M 1. Vein M 4 very narrowly bordered by brown between subbasal and discal bands. Cell dm with anterior apical corner hyaline. Crossvein r-m at 0.71 distance from bm-m to dm-m, entirely covered by dark brown distal margin of discal band. Crossvein dm-m and apical section of vein R 4 + 5 sinuous. Abdomen (female, Figs. 1, 22, male, Figs. 2, 23): Predominantly yellow, including all of syntergite 1 + 2. Tergite 3 with broad dark brown band. Tergite 4 and female tergite 5 with broad dark brown band or series of narrowly separated rectangular marks. Male tergite 5 laterally with paired ovoid brown marks, longer than wide, and medially with much smaller, inverted U-shaped brown mark or pair of brown spots. Female tergite 6 laterally with paired rectangular brown mark, medially usually with two small brown spots. Tergites with sparse black setulae. Female terminalia (Figs. 22, 28– 31): oviscape pale yellow, 0.89–0.92 mm long (n= 2). Aculeus (Fig. 28) 0.60 mm long, tip (Figs. 29, 30) 0.10 mm long, with apical 0.04 mm triangular and serrate, 0.05 mm wide, with 6–9 teeth on each side. Two spermathecae (Fig. 31) subcylindrical, with helical surface texture and elongate base. Male terminalia (Figs. 38–42): epandrium in lateral view wider than long, dorsally dark brown with black setulae, ventrally pale brown. Lateral surstylus in lateral view 3.5 times longer than wide, with glabrous, slightly curved elongated acute apex and distinct anteromedial lobe. Medial surstylus elongate two-thirds as long as lateral surstylus. Proctiger ovoid, entirely membranous, with sparse minute brown setulae. Distiphallus (Figs. 39, 41) moderately long and slender in ventral and lateral views, apex of internal tube bilobed. Type data. Holotype ♀ (IAvH), COLOMBIA: Cundinamarca: Anolaima, Vereda Santo Domingo, finca Villa Mariana [4.80171 °N 74.47542 °W], 1532 m, multilure trap, 3 Sep 2015, P. A. Rodriguez, A. L. Norrbom. Paratypes: COLOMBIA: Cundinamarca: Anolaima, Vereda Santo Domingo, finca Villa Mariana, 1532 m, multilure trap, 3 Sep 2015, P. A. Rodriguez, A. L. Norrbom, 1 ♂ (USNM); same locality, multilure trap, 21 Sep 2015, P. A. Rodriguez, 2 ♀ (ICAMF 00000044); same, multilure trap, 28 Sep 2015, P. A. Rodriguez, 2 ♀ (FSCA); same locality, reared from fruits of Phoradendron sp. near piperoides (Kunth) Trel., collected 13 Sep 2015, emerged 1 Oct 2015, P. A. Rodriguez, 1 ♂ 2 ♀ (USNM). Guaduas, Vereda el Raisal, predio el Cajón km 39 vía Bogotá-Guaduas [5 º07’09”N 74 º 57 ’02”W], 1421 m, McPhail trap 18, 22 Aug 2014, E. Quiroga, 1 ♂ 1 ♀ (ICAMF 00000045). Distribution. Cryptodacus bernardoi is known only from Colombia in Cundinamarca department in the municipios of Anolaima and Guaduas at middle altitudes on the west side of the eastern cordillera. Host plant. Three of the paratypes were reared from tiny fruits of Phoradendron sp. near piperoides (Kunth) Trel. (Figs. 43, 44), which was found parasitizing the upper part of a Psidium guajava L. shrub. This host plant is locally known by the common names “muérdago”, “matapalo”, “injerto” and “pajarito”. Phoradendron is variously classified in the Santalaceae or Viscaceae. The only previous host data for Cryptodacus was the single record of C. silvai Lima from fruit of “herva de passarinho” (Loranthus sp.) from southern Brazil (Lima 1947). The Loranthaceae, Santalaceae (and Viscaceae, when recognized as distinct from Santalaceae) belong to the order Santalales, many of which are parasitic plants. Etymology. This species is named for José Bernardo Rodríguez, father of the senior author. Comments. This species runs with difficulty in the keys of Norrbom (1994) and Norrbom & Korytkowski (2008). C. bernardoi may be most closely related to C. lopezi Norrbom, which has a similar aculeus, or it may belong to a clade along with that species and C. tau and trinotatus. The abdominal pattern is intermediate between those species, which have a distinct medial brown vitta or pair of vittae bordered by white or yellow sublateral areas on at least tergite 5 and female tergite 6, and the predominantly brown pattern in other species. In C. bernardoi the bands on tergites 4–5 in the male and 5–6 in the female may be interrupted. These four species also have the head mostly or entirely yellow posteriorly. The males were described only for C. bernardoi, C. obliquus, C. parkeri and C. tau.Published as part of Rodriguez, Pedro Alexander, Rodriguez, Erick J., Norrbom, Allen L. & Arévalo, Emilio, 2016, A new species and new records of Cryptodacus (Diptera: Tephritidae) from Colombia, Bolivia and Peru, pp. 276-290 in Zootaxa 4111 (3) on pages 277-279, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4111.3.5, http://zenodo.org/record/26487
La oralidad fingida en La profezia dell'armadillo de Zerocalcare: reflexiones en torno a la traducción de la variación lingüística
No full textThis study examines the graphic novel La profezia dell’armadillo (The Armadillo Prophecy, 2011) by Zerocalcare, an autobiographical comic -the author describes a personal journey from his early childhood years to the present day– which occupies a central position in his narrative career. This novel, moreover, provides an exceptional gateway into Zerocalcare’s storytelling and his media or transmedia ecosystem. The article is organized by first reviewing the concept of feigned orality. Thereafter, the notion of transmedia storytelling is presented and illustrates the author's biographical and creative trajectory. Based on the words of the author himself –“scrivo come parlo” (I write how I speak, 2015)– we identify the idiolect of the main characters, a mixture of standard Italian and expressions in Romanesco dialect, and analyse the Spanish translation. Finally, we draw some conclusions on the translation method used to render the Romanesco dialect, based on a comparison of some original and translated segments from the novel
Die Wirkung von AH26-, Endosil- und ZOE-Versiegelungen auf Candida albicans und Enterococcus faecalis
No full textBackground: In the oral cavity, root canal treatment failure (endodontics) is often due to the persistence of microorganisms in the root canal system after treatment, or re-infection of the root due to insufficient flooding. In addition, microorganisms are essential for the development of peri radicular diseases and are one of the main factors related to root canal treatment failure. Microorganisms that are commonly isolated from teeth that have failed endodontic treatment include Enterococcus (E.) faecalis and Candida (C.) albicans . Bacterial infection is closely related to the failure of root canal treatment, and the use of root sealer with antimicrobial activity and biological compatibility is necessary for the success of root canal treatment. One of the main goals of endodontic treatment is to eliminate intracanal infection and root canal flooding in order to prevent re-infection. Therefore, the aim of the current study is to evaluate the antibacterial and antifungal activity of ZOE, AH26 and Endoseal sealers in vitro .Methods: To study the effect of each sealer; AH26, ZOE and Endoseal on E. faecalis and C. albicans , 10 samples were considered. Firstly, the freshly prepared sealers were poured inside the microtube with nutrient broth and then 10 µl of E. faecalis and C. albicans suspensions were separately added into a microtube and were kept 24 hours in the incubator to grow. Results: The data were analyzed with Kolmogrov-Smirnov test and SPSS Version 19. Our results demonstrated that the resistance rate of C. albicans to ZOE, Endoseal and AH26 sealers was 0%, 100% and 70%, respectively. These values for the E. faecalis was 80%, 100% and 40% respectively. The resistance was defined when the microorganism was growth in subculture in LB agar. Conclusion: ZOE sealer has highest antimicrobial effect after that AH26 sealer and the least antimicrobial effect is related to Endoseal sealer.Hintergrund: In der Mundhöhle ist das Scheitern einer Wurzelkanalbehandlung häufig auf das Fortbestehen von Mikroorganismen im Wurzelkanalsystem nach der Behandlung oder auf eine erneute Infektion der Wurzel aufgrund einer unzureichenden Spülung zurückzuführen. Darüber hinaus sind Mikroorganismen für die Entwicklung periradikulärer Erkrankungen von wesentlicher Bedeutung und einer der Hauptfaktoren für das Scheitern von Wurzelkanalbehandlungen. Zu den Mikroorganismen, die häufig bei fehlgeschlagener endodontische Behandlung isoliert werden, gehören Enterococcus (E.) faecalis und Candida (C.) albicans . Da bakterielle Infektionen in engem Zusammenhang mit dem Scheitern einer Wurzelkanalbehandlung stehen, ist die Verwendung von Wurzelversiegelungen mit antimikrobieller Aktivität und biologischer Verträglichkeit für den Erfolg einer Wurzelkanalbehandlung unerlässlich. Eines der Hauptziele der endodontischen Behandlung ist die Beseitigung der Infektion im Wurzelkanal, um eine erneute Infektion zu verhindern. Ziel der vorliegenden Studie ist es daher, die antibakterielle und antimykotische Aktivität der Versiegelungen ZOE, AH26 und Endoseal in vitro zu untersuchen.Methode: Um die Wirkung der Versiegler AH26, ZOE und Endoseal auf E. faecalis und C. albicans zu untersuchen, wurden 10 Proben untersucht. Zuerst wurden die frisch zubereiteten Versiegelungen mit Nährbouillon in das Mikroröhrchen gegossen, dann wurden 10 µl einer Suspension von E. faecalis und C. albicans in das Mikroröhrchen gegeben und 24 h im Inkubator kultiviert.Ergebnisse: Die Daten wurden mit dem Kolmogrov-Smirnov-Test und der SPSS Version 19 mit folgendem Ergebnis ausgewertet. Die Resistenzrate von C. albicans betrug gegenüber ZOE, Endoseal und AH26 Versieglern 0%, 100% bzw. 70% betrug, von E. faecalis 80%, 100% bzw. 40%. Als Resistenz wurde definiert, wenn der Mikroorganismus in der Subkultur in LB-Agar wuchs.Schlussfolgerung: Die ZOE-Versiegelung hat die höchste antimikrobielle Wirkung, gefolgt von der AH26- und der Endoseal-Versiegelung
El ser racializado: el concepto de raza en las experiencias autobiográficas de Richard Rodriguez y Kevin R. Johnson
No full textabstract: Race is a complex system founded on social ideologies that categorize and evaluate human beings into different groups based on their visible characteristics (e.g., skin color) that, according to this notion of race, indicate a person's personal traits (e.g., intelligence). The concept of race has been an integral part of American society since the ratification of the United States Constitution in the late 18th century. Early on, the practice of race within American society established one particular group as the norm: the White Anglo-Saxon Protestant. By the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the distinctions among racial groups essentially came down to "white" and "nonwhite." Consequently, certain social inequalities were bestowed upon those groups that did not fit the model of the dominant "white" group. Autobiographies, especially those from marginalized groups, can serve as an important source of these social disparities since the author is able to recount their own social experiences vis-à-vis racial practices within society. With this in mind, this thesis analyses the concept of race in relation to the personal experiences of two authors through their respective autobiographies: Hunger of Memory: The Education of Richard Rodriguez (1982) by Richard Rodriguez and How Did You Get to Be Mexican?: A White/Brown Man's Search for Identity (1999) by Kevin R. Johnson. The critical work of Paula M. L. Moya, Linda Martín Alcoff, Hazel Rose Markus, George M. Fredrickson, Genaro M. Padilla and others are used as the theoretical framework in the literary analysis of these authors' texts. In summary, the results of this study demonstrate the concept of race as a salient aspect in regards to the ideological formation of each respective author.Dissertation/ThesisM.A. Spanish 201
The long-wavelength view of GG Tau A: rocks in the ring world
No full textWe present the first detection of GG Tau A at centimetre wavelengths, made with the Arcminute Microkelvin Imager Large Array at a frequency of 16 GHz (λ = 1.8 cm). The source is detected at >6 σrms with an integrated flux density of S16GHz = 249 ± 45 µJy. We use these new centimetre-wave data, in conjunction with additional measurements compiled from the literature, to investigate the long-wavelength tail of the dust emission from this unusual protoplanetary system. We use an MCMC-based method to determine maximum likelihood parameters for a simple parametric spectral model and consider the opacity and mass of the dust contributing to the microwave emission. We derive a dust mass of Md ~ 0.1 Msun, constrain the dimensions of the emitting region and find that the opacity index at λ > 7 mm is less than unity, implying a contribution to the dust population from grains exceeding ~4 cm in size. We suggest that this indicates coagulation within the GG Tau A system has proceeded to the point where dust grains have grown to the size of small rocks with dimensions of a few centimetres. Considering the relatively young age of the GG Tau association in combination with the low derived disc mass, we suggest that this system may provide a useful test case for rapid core accretion planet formation models
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