1,720,959 research outputs found
Polyphasic characterization of indigenous lactobacilli and lactococci from PDO Canestrato Pugliese cheese
No full textA polyphasic approach, involving both genotypic and phenotypic analyses was used to characterize 33 isolates of lactic acid bacteria
from the raw milk Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) Canestrato Pugliese cheese, in order to select candidate strains that can be
used as autochthonous starter cultures in the dairy industry. Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis and clustering by
the unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic averages (UPGMA) were used to evaluate the genotypic diversity, while phenotypic
characterization was performed through miniaturized assays and traditional biochemical tests. Technological properties of major interest
for cheese-making (acidification, tendency to lysis, proteolytic and peptidase activity) were also evaluated, and selected subset of data was
statistically examined by the one-way ANOVA and the Tukey–Kramer HSD test, to highlight strain-specific and species-specific
differences among the isolates. A high degree of diversity appeared in the phenotypic and technological traits in opposition to a relatively
low genotypic diversity. Although none of the isolates showed the best performances in all the activities, an appropriate mixture of
strains could be selected for providing an efficacious autochthonous starter culture
Resident lactic acid bacteria in raw milk Canestrato Pugliese cheese
No full textAims: Investigation of the autochthonous lactic acid bacteria (LAB) population of the raw milk Protected Designation of Origin Canestrato Pugliese cheese using phenotypic and genotypic methodologies. Methods and Results: Thirty phenotypic assays and three molecular techniques (restriction fragment length polymorphism, partial sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene and recA multiplex PCR assay) were applied to the identification of 304 isolates from raw milk Canestrato Pugliese cheese. As a result, 168 of 207 isolates identified were ascribed to genus Enterococcus, 25 to Lactobacillus, 13 to Lactococcus and one to Leuconostoc. More in details, among the lactobacilli, the species Lactobacillus brevis and Lactobacillus plantarum were predominant, including 13 and 10 isolates respectively, whereas among the lactococci, Lactococcus cremoris subsp. cremoris was the species more frequently detected (seven isolates). Conclusions: Except for the enterococci, phenotypic tests were not reliable enough for the identification of the isolates, if not combined to the genotype-based molecular techniques. The polyphasic approach utilized allowed 10 different LAB species to be detected; thus suggesting the appreciable LAB diversity of the autochthonous microbial population of the Canestrato Pugliese cheese. Significance and Impact of the Study: A comprehensive study of the resident raw milk Canestrato Pugliese cheese microbial population has been undertaken
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Erratum: Resident lactic acid bacteria in raw milk Canestrato Pugliese cheese
No full textAims: Investigation of the autochthonous lactic acid bacteria (LAB) population of the raw milk Protected Designation of Origin Canestrato Pugliese cheese using phenotypic and genotypic methodologies.
Methods and Results: Thirty phenotypic assays and three molecular techniques (restriction fragment length polymorphism, partial sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene and recA multiplex PCR assay) were applied to the identification of 304 isolates from raw milk Canestrato Pugliese cheese. As a result, 168 of 207 isolates identified were ascribed to genus Enterococcus, 25 to Lactobacillus, 13 to Lactococcus and one to Leuconostoc. More in details, among the lactobacilli, the species Lactobacillus brevis and Lactobacillus plantarum were predominant, including 13 and 10 isolates respectively, whereas among the lactococci, Lactococcus cremoris subsp. cremoris was the species more frequently detected (seven isolates).
Conclusions: Except for the enterococci, phenotypic tests were not reliable enough for the identification of the isolates, if not combined to the genotype-based molecular techniques. The polyphasic approach utilized allowed 10 different LAB species to be detected; thus suggesting the appreciable LAB diversity of the autochthonous microbial population of the Canestrato Pugliese cheese.
Significance and Impact of the Study: A comprehensive study of the resident raw milk Canestrato Pugliese cheese microbial population has been undertaken
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Growth hormone secretion is differently affected in genetically obese male and female rats
No full textDispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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