1,720,966 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
Cinétique de coalescence des émulsions millimétriques
No full textIn petroleum production, the surfactants present in crude oil generate inverse emulsions (e.g., droplets of water suspended in oil). Their high stability leads to a layer of concentrated millimetric emulsion (rich in water content) appearing in pipelines and industrial separators. Its sheer presence makes transport and subsequent separation processes capital expenditures intensive.We propose an original milli-fluidic methodology to study the formation and destabilization kinetics of a concentrated emulsion. Understanding both phenomena is crucial to optimizing separation efficiency. This Bottom-Up approach is based on forming an emulsion drop-by-drop and mimics open reactors as a gravity separator. It allows for working with millimetric-scale monodisperse emulsions with radii spanning almost an order of magnitude (from 0.2 to 1.5 mm), eliminating the coupling between coalescence and sedimentation. The methodology enables studying unsaturated with surfactant interfaces, unlike the Top-Down approach of conventional bottle tests where the emulsion is prepared by mechanical agitation in a closed container.A typical experiment includes two stages: the generation of a concentrated emulsion, where droplets accumulate in a container prefilled with water and oil, and its evolution once the arrival of drops has stopped. Spatio-temporal diagrams are used to analyze the evolution of the two interfaces separating the concentrated emulsion from the free water and oil, respectively.Our study on the model fluids shows that after a drainage step, coalescence occurs mainly at the water-emulsion interface, where the droplet volume fraction is highest. A confined pendant drop model is used to describe the meniscus forming between the emulsion and the free water and to determine the kinetic evolution of the droplet volume fraction within it. A constant coalescence rate is observed for a given droplet size at and above the critical micellar concentration (CMC), while below the CMC the dynamics are more complex. Surfactant accumulation and the T1 process are suggested as the main causes of the complex dynamics in low-concentration emulsions. For surfactant-saturated interfaces, coalescence is stochastic and its rate per unit area is constant over the studied droplet range. The addition of a water-soluble surfactant accelerates destabilization.The obtained results differ significantly from previous studies carried out on droplets with a diameter of less than 50 microns, indicating that the disjoining pressure is a key parameter determining the coalescence frequency. Finally, the proposed approach also paves the way for the development of a faster screening method for demulsifying additives.Dans la production pétrolière, les tensioactifs présents dans le brut conduisent à la formation de gouttelettes d’eau en suspension dans l’huile. La grande stabilité de ces gouttelettes conduit dans les pipelines et les séparateurs à l’apparition d’une couche d’émulsion concentrée (à forte fraction volumique d’eau) très préjudiciable en termes de coût pour le transport et la séparation.Nous proposons ici une méthodologie milli-fluidique originale pour étudier les cinétiques de formation et de destruction d’une telle émulsion concentrée, dont la compréhension est cruciale pour optimiser l'efficacité de la séparation. L’approche Bottom-Up basée sur la formation d’une émulsion par accumulation goutte à goutte mime les réacteurs ouverts que sont les séparateurs gravitaires réels. Elle permet de travailler avec des émulsions monodisperses millimétriques sur une gamme de rayons allant de 0,2 à 1,5 mm, de s’affranchir du couplage entre coalescence et sédimentation et d’étudier ainsi des interfaces non saturées en tensio-actifs contrairement à l’approche Top-Down des bottle-tests classiques où l’émulsion est préparée par agitation mécanique dans un container fermé.Une expérience typique comprend deux étapes : la génération d'une émulsion concentrée, où les gouttes s'accumulent dans un récipient pré-rempli d’huile et d’eau et son évolution une fois l’arrivée des gouttes stoppée. Des diagrammes spatio-temporels sont utilisés pour analyser l'évolution des deux interfaces séparant l’émulsion de l’eau et de l’huile libres, respectivement.Notre étude menée sur un système de fluides modèles montre qu’après une étape de drainage, la coalescence se produit principalement à l'interface eau-émulsion, là où la fraction volumique des gouttes est la plus importante. Un modèle de goutte pendante confinée permet de décrire le ménisque se formant entre l’émulsion et l’eau libre et de déterminer l’évolution cinétique de la fraction volumique des gouttelettes en son sein. À taille de goutte donnée, le taux de coalescence observé est constant pour des concentrations égales ou supérieurs à la concentration micellaire critique (CMC). En dessous de la CMC, la dynamique de déstabilisation est plus complexe possiblement du fait, de l'accumulation de tensioactif à l’interface avec l’eau libre et de processus T1 observés. Pour les interfaces saturées en tensio-actifs, la coalescence est stochastique et sa fréquence par unité de surface est constante sur toute la gamme des tailles de goutte étudiée. L'ajout d'un tensioactif soluble dans l’eau accélère la déstabilisation.Les résultats obtenus différent sensiblement des études antérieures menées sur des gouttes de diamètre inférieur à 50 microns, soulignant le rôle important de la pression de disjonction sur le taux de coalescence. Enfin, l’approche proposée ouvre également la voie vers une méthode du screening d’additifs désémulsifiant plus rapid
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