1,720,993 research outputs found
How far from the tree does the (good) apple fall? Spin-out creation and the survival of high-tech firms
No full textThe flying dutchmen: Recent trends in international outbound tourism from the Netherlands
No full textThis brief paper focuses on Dutch outbound tourism, that is, international flows with the Netherlands as a place of origin. Using data provided by CBS Statistics Netherlands, we show that the total number of international holidays, both in absolute terms and per capita, has significantly grown in the last three decades, denoting a significant increase in the propensity of Dutch residents to engage in international tourism; moreover, year-by-year variations seem to be positively, but weakly, associated with the general conditions of the Dutch economy. In terms of the composition of international holidays by destination country, we found evidence of some instability in the relative importance of different destinations, with an increase in the diversity of choices by Dutch tourists and in the distance of their preferred destination
Does add-on presence always lead to lower baseline prices? Theory and evidence
Full text linkIn many industries, firms give consumers the opportunity to add (at a price) optional goods and services to a baseline product. The aim of our paper is to clarify the effect that offering add-ons has on baseline prices. In order to do that, we develop a theoretical model of add-on pricing in competitive environments with two distinctive features. First, we discuss the choice of offering the add-on, if this entails a fixed cost. Second, we allow firms to have a varying degree of market power over the add-on. In symmetric equilibria, the presence of add-on always reduces baseline prices. In asymmetric equilibria in which only one firm offers the add-on, its presence increases the baseline price if the firm’s market power over the add-on is limited. The latter prediction of the model is confirmed by a hedonic price regression using a dataset of cruises offered worldwide, a situation in which it is possible to control for the level of add-on market power
Sticky price for declining risk? Business strategies with “behavioral” customers in the hotel industry
No full textUsing data from about 25 million hotel room postings in four countries, we document that rather than decreasing to zero as the likelihood of cancellation declines, the difference between the prices for refundable and nonrefundable reservations remains positive at roughly 10%–15% of the full price. A model where travelers have different willingness to pay and some of them overestimate the probability to cancel their trip explains these price-setting patterns more consistently than alternative interpretations. We denote these business strategies as naiveté-based price discrimination. Our data and theory, therefore, show that this form of apparent inertial behavior of companies regarding a major strategic variable can be an intentional managerial choice. We demonstrate, finally, that this profit-enhancing commitment to limited flexibility may also benefit customers in some cases, by expanding the reach of the market. Thus, strategies that rely on cognitive biases on the demand side may not necessarily exploit consumers
Booking in the Rain. Testing the Impact of Public Information on Prices
Full text linkWeather forecasts are a rare example of public information which is, at the same time, relevant for agents' decisions and entirely exogenous for both sides of the (tourism) market. We develop a model where signals of good weather have a positive impact on accommodation prices, the effect being stronger the higher the accuracy of the forecast and the ex-ante uncertainty in weather conditions. Using data from a sea and sun destination, we estimate an augmented hedonic price model and find that results robustly support the theory. We also find that the response of prices to weather forecasts is larger for upper-scale hotels than for low-and mid-scale hotels, a result we link to the superior pricing capability of the former
A picture of the Italian manufacturing sectors as a first step to design proper industrial policies
No full textThis work tries to investigate the firms size distribution in all the
manufacturing sectors, by using the Extended Statistical Business
Performance Register (Frame-SBS), elaborated by ISTAT
In order to identify the firms size distribution we use two simple
indicators: the number of companies and the level of concentration. The
joint use of these two indicators captures different market structure.The
contribution of this paper is the possibility to classify all the
manufacturing sectors according to a data-driven approach, never employed in
the literature for the italian manufacturing sectors:\ the atheoretical
regression trees (ATR). The aim of this exercise is to identify
relationships between companies of different size in each sector, in order
to be able to reduce the effects of potential crises or develop expansive
industrial policies for different sectors or even new production chains
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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