196,050 research outputs found
Assessing quality of care in paediatric inflammatory bowel disease: Focusing on self-reported outcomes
No full textDisease-associated DNA methylation signatures in esophageal biopsies of children diagnosed with Eosinophilic Esophagitis
No full textEosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a leading cause of dysphagia and food impaction in children and adults. The diagnosis relies on histological examination of esophageal mucosal biopsies and requires the presence of > 15 eosinophils per high-powered field. Potential pitfalls include the impact of biopsy sectioning as well as regional variations of eosinophil density. We performed genome-wide DNA methylation analyses on 30 esophageal biopsies obtained from children diagnosed with EoE (n = 7) and matched controls (n = 13) at the time of diagnosis as well as following first-line treatment. Analyses revealed striking disease-associated differences in mucosal DNA methylation profiles in children diagnosed with EoE, highlighting the potential for these epigenetic signatures to be developed into clinically applicable biomarkers
Early onset inflammatory bowel disease: phenotype and burden of disease. Abstracts of the 9th Congress of ECCO
No full textInnate immune defence to Campylobacter jejuni.
No full textCampylobacter jejuni is the most prevalent cause of bacterial diarrhoea worldwide and is frequently associated with severe post-infectious complications such as the Guillain-Barre syndrome. Despite the serious health burden caused by the bacterium disease pathogenesis remains ill defined. Human (3-defensins (hBDs), a family of epithelial antimicrobial peptides, are a major component of host innate defence at mucosal surfaces. In the present study we investigated the effect of C. jejuni on intestinal epithelial innate responses. Up-regulation of IL-8, hBD-2 and hBD-3 gene and peptide expression was observed in Caco-2 and HT-29 cell-lines in response to C. jejuni strains 11168H and 81-176. Furthermore, recombinant hBDs were found to exhibit potent bactericidal activity against C. jejuni suggesting a major role for these peptides in disease pathogenesis. Secondly, we aimed to identify host receptor(s) involved in sensing of C. jejuni and initiating innate defence. Given the invasive nature of infection, we investigated the potential role of cytoplasmic nucleotide-binding oligomerisation domain (NOD) proteins. Using small interfering (si) RNA targeting NODI and transfection of NOD2 overexpression plasmids, we identified NODI as a major pattern recognition receptor involved in mediating innate host defence to C. jejuni while NOD2 was found to play a minor role. Additionally, reduced NODI expression resulted in an increased number of intracellular C. jejuni thus highlighting a critical role for NODI mediated antimicrobial defence in limiting infection. In the final part of the study an ex-vivo model of C. jejuni infection using human intestinal biopsies was developed. Additionally, a vertical diffusion chamber system was utilised to improve culture conditions in C. jejuni infection models. In conclusion, this study highlights the important role of intestinal innate host defence to C. jejuni. The development of new and improved models of infections has the potential to provide previously unavailable opportunities to study C. jejuni disease pathogenesis
Dr. Duane M. Jackson, Morehouse College, July 2011
No full textThis video is a conversation with Dr. Duane M. Jackson. Dr. Jackson talks about his paper, "Recall and the Serial Position Effect: The Role of Primacy and Recency on Accounting Students' Performance." Jackie Daniel, AUC Woodruff Library, is the interviewer
"Reflections on the subject of Emigration from Europe with a view to Settlement in the United States" By M. Carey.
No full text"Reflections on the subject of Emigration from Europe with a view to Settlement in the United States: containing bried sketches of the moral and political character of those states.
By M. Carey, member of the American philosophical, and of the American Antiquarian Society, and author of The Olive Branch, Cindiciae Hibernicae, essays on banking, on political economy, and on internal improvement.
To which are now added the English editor's comments on the subject; together with Important Advice to Emigrants, and Cautions Against Impositions Practiced in the Outports
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Making Research Flourish Through ESPGHAN: A Position Paper from the ESPGHAN Special Interest Group for Basic and Translational Research
No full textABSTRACTRecent research breakthroughs have emerged from applied basic research throughout all scientific areas, including adult and paediatric gastroenterology, hepatology and nutrition (PGHAN). The research landscape within the European Society of Paediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) is also inevitably changing from clinical research to studies involving applied laboratory research. This position paper aims to depict the current status quo of basic science and translational research within ESPGHAN, and to delineate how the society could invest in research in the present and future time. The paper also explores which research areas in the field of PGHAN represent the current and future priorities, and what type of support is needed across the ESPGHAN working groups (WGs) and special interest groups (SIGs) to fulfil their research goals
Dr. Glendon Swarthout
No full textHosted by Roger M. Busfield, MSU Assistant Professor of Speech and Theater, Meet the Author is designed to introduce a general audience to a contemporary author and their work through in-depth interviews. This episode features a conversation between Dr. Glendon Swarthout, prolific author and English professor at MSU, and assistant professors Sam S. Baskett and Theodore B. Strandness
Simulation of thermal plant optimization and hydraulic aspects of thermal distribution loops for large campuses
No full textFollowing an introduction, the author describes Texas A&M University and its utilities system. After that, the author presents how to construct simulation models for chilled water and heating hot water distribution systems. The simulation model was used in a $2.3 million Ross Street chilled water pipe replacement project at Texas A&M University. A second project conducted at the University of Texas at San Antonio was used as an example to demonstrate how to identify and design an optimal distribution system by using a simulation model. The author found that the minor losses of these closed loop thermal distribution systems are significantly higher than potable water distribution systems. In the second part of the report, the author presents the latest development of software called the Plant Optimization Program, which can simulate cogeneration plant operation, estimate its operation cost and provide optimized operation suggestions. The author also developed detailed simulation models for a gas turbine and heat recovery steam generator and identified significant potential savings. Finally, the author also used a steam turbine as an example to present a multi-regression method on constructing simulation models by using basic statistics and optimization algorithms. This report presents a survey of the author??s working experience at the Energy Systems Laboratory (ESL) at Texas A&M University during the period of January 2002 through March 2004. The purpose of the above work was to allow the author to become familiar with the practice of engineering. The result is that the author knows how to complete a project from start to finish and understands how both technical and nontechnical aspects of a project need to be considered in order to ensure a quality deliverable and bring a project to successful completion. This report concludes that the objectives of the internship were successfully accomplished and that the requirements for the degree of Degree of Engineering have been satisfied
- …
