1,720,976 research outputs found
DESCRIBING DIVERGENCE IN COMPARABLE COVID-19 RECOMMENDATIONS
Get PDFBackground: The emergence of the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) pandemic has unravelled a global demand for rapid and reliable guidance at the clinical, systems, and policy levels. Therefore, to equip decision-makers with the appropriate knowledge and tools, organizations have published evidence-informed guidance for its prevention and treatment.
Objectives: Various organizations may produce comparable but diverging recommendations for the same intervention or health scope. Diverging recommendations are those that contain varying judgements in their strength, direction, or subgroup consideration associated with the intervention. Nonetheless, the extent of divergence between COVID-19 recommendations remains unknown. Consequently, the primary objectives of this study are to 1) describe the frequency and types of divergence between COVID-19 recommendations for the same intervention and 2) investigate differences in the guideline development process for a selected sample of diverging recommendations.
Methods: We screened guidelines for divergence using the digital COVID-19 Recommendations Catalogue (covid19.recmap.org). Diverging recommendations for the same intervention were grouped into clusters, and differences in their formal judgment of strength and direction were appraised. Additionally, we compared any differences between PICO criteria for comparable recommendations addressing the same health scope. Descriptive statistics were performed to assess the frequency and types of divergence. Finally, we applied deductive content analysis to evaluate differences in the methods for a sample of 12 recommendation clusters.
Results: Two-hundred twenty-three diverging recommendations resulted in the categorization of 66 clusters. Twenty-nine clusters contained clinical also stated as therapeutic recommendations, and 37 clusters contained public health recommendations. Each cluster had a range of 2-8 individual recommendations in divergence with at least one recommendation for the same intervention. Clinical recommendations were more likely to diverge in formal judgment than public health recommendations (P < 0.001). We identified differences in the date of publication, the interpretation of evidence, and in the judgments of the Evidence-to-Decision framework between comparable recommendations. Consequently, results from our study may have important implications for comparing duplicate recommendations and for making clinical practice decisions.
Conclusions: From our study, we have identified diverging recommendations for a range of COVID-19 related interventions. These recommendations may have important implications for clinical practice and public health decisions.ThesisMaster of Public Health (MPH
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Mat Alpha Leader Analysis for Pichia Pastoris Secretion
No full textThe methylotrophic yeast, Pichia pastoris, has been genetically engineered to produce many heterologous proteins for modern medical and research goals. In order to secrete proteins for easier purification from the extracellular medium, the coding sequence of recombinant proteins is initially fused to the Saccharomyces cerevisiae alpha-mating factor secretion signal. This “MAT alpha” signal acts like an address label that should direct the protein out of the cell. We surmised the removal of certain regions of amino acids should facilitate HRP protein secretion by increasing the flexibility of the MAT alpha loop region. Using bioinformatics, the Lin-Cereghino lab has created a model of the secretion signal as a guide for a series of mutated sequences in order to comprehend how this region functions and to further examine key mutations. Mutation delta 57-70 has shown very high secretion (150% of wild type) and mutation delta 61-70 has shown low secretion (80% of wild type). Our lab has been working to determine the secretion of mutations delta 58-70, 59-70, and 60- 70 to narrow down the important amino acids in mass secretion for MAT alpha. The findings from this experiment suggest which amino acids play a key role in higher efficiency in the MAT alpha. Our interpretations raise the possibility of creating more efficient processes of secreting proteins that are vital to products that fight diseases such as cancer, hepatitis B&C, and diabetes
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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