1,354,088 research outputs found
gt; Zhelezko, 1994 (Chondrichthyes: Lamniformes: Odontaspididae), from the Paleogene of the southeastern United States
No full textMennerotodus Zhelezko, 1994, is an extinct lamniform shark known tooccur in Paleogene strata of the Tethyan region of Asia and Europe. Althoughonly a single species has been named, multiple subspecies have been erectedand used as biostratigraphic tools in Asia. The genus has not been reportedwith confidence outside of the Tethyan region, but we have identified twonew species of Mennerotodus from Paleogene deposits of the southeastern United States.Mennerotodus mackayi sp. nov. is described by teeth occurring in the lower Paleocene (DanianStage) Pine Barren Member of the Clayton Formation of southern Alabama. Amiddle Eocene (Bartonian) species, Mennerotodus parmleyi sp. nov., is based on material occurringin the Clinchfield Formation in central Georgia. The early Paleocene recordcould indicate a North American origin for Mennerotodus relatively soon after the K–Pgevent, with subsequent radiation to other parts of the world. The genus islikely more widely distributed than is currently known, but teeth can easilybe overlooked due to their similarity to other taxa
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Mennerotodus Zhelezko 1994
No full textMennerotodus sp. Fig. 17 Material examined UNITED STATES OF AMERICA – Alabama • 5 isolated teeth; Claiborne Group; ALMNH PV1989.4.16.1.1, ALMNH PV1989.4.17.3.8, ALMNH PV1989.4.20.1, ALMNH PV1989.4.34.1, ALMNH PV1989.4.203.1. Description Both anterior and upper lateral teeth present in our sample. Anterior teeth with tall, triangular main cusp with smooth labial and lingual faces. Labial crown face slightly convex; lingual face strongly convex. Main cusp only slightly sigmoidal in profile view. Single pair of short, triangular lateral cusplets present at base of main cusp, with tiny rounded denticulation at the base of the mesial side of the main cusp, just before the first cusplet. Lateral cusplets appear well separated from the main cusp in lingual view. Deep medial depression occurs at base of labial crown face. Root lobes elongate, basally tapering, slightly diverging, sub-rounded. Deep U-shaped interlobe area. Very pronounced lingual protuberance; boxlike in basal view, with shallow but wide nutritive groove. Lateral teeth have a shorter, broad-based but apically narrow main cusp that may be erect or distally inclined. Labial face of main cusp flat to slightly convex; lingual face very convex. Crown labially inclined in profile view. Mesial and distal cutting edges do not extend to the lateral cusplets. One-to-two pairs of divergent lateral cusplets present. Secondary pairs of cusplets are smaller and always positioned lateral to the larger, medial pair. Cusplets tend to have a slight medial bend. One or more minute, triangular, denticulations present between the medial pair of cusplets and cutting edges. Up to two denticulations may be present mesially, with no more than one present distally, if present at all. Root lobes triangular with rounded ends, strongly divergent. Interlobe area shallow, V-shaped. Lingual root protuberance inconspicuous but has deep nutritive groove. Remarks The five specimens in our sample are morphologically very similar those of the Recent Carcharias taurus Rafinesque, 1810, and we used dentitions of this extant taxon to determine hypothetical tooth positions for the Mennerotodus teeth in our sample. Mennerotodus teeth differ from C. taurus, and all the other Claiborne odontasipids in our sample, by the conspicuous presence of distinct denticulations located between the lateral cusplets and mesial cutting edge on the teeth (these denticulations may be present on the distal edge as well but are more prevalent mesially). This feature is not present on teeth within any of the C. taurus jaw sets examined at SC and USNM (n=5) but has been reported on a small number of Jaekelotodus trigonalis (Jaekel, 1895) teeth (see Cappetta & Nolf 2005; Van den Eeckhaut & De Schutter 2009). The teeth in our sample, however, are smaller, more gracile, and have a mesiodistally thinner main cusp than those of J. trigonalis and are more consistent with the morphology of the middle Eocene Mennerotodus glueckmani as described and illustrated by Zhelezko (1994). The specimens in our sample appear to differ from those of the type species, M. glueckmani, by having a shorter and more robust main cusp, but a larger sample is needed to make more direct comparisons to previously described species. A more detailed study of the occurrences of this genus in North America is currently being undertaken by the present authors. Stratigraphic and geographic range in Alabama The specimens in our sample were collected from the Gosport Sand at site ACh-21. Middle Bartonian, Zone NP17.Published as part of Ebersole, Jun A., Cicimurri, David J. & Stringer, Gary L., 2019, Taxonomy and biostratigraphy of the elasmobranchs and bony fishes (Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes) of the lower-to-middle Eocene (Ypresian to Bartonian) Claiborne Group in Alabama, USA, including an analysis of otoliths, pp. 1-274 in European Journal of Taxonomy 585 on pages 50-52, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.585, http://zenodo.org/record/366025
Variations on the Author
No full text“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Author, publisher and bookseller : a tripartite synergy in Nigerian book industry
No full textThis work is about the roles of Author, Publisher and Bookseller in Book development in
Nigeria. The paper started by delving into the history of Book Publishing in Nigeria after
which it proceeded by defining who an author, a publisher, and a bookseller is and
expatiated on the indispensable roles of these key actors in Nigerian Book Industry and in
the emerging Information Society. Furthermore, the various constraints to book
development were identified while the paper advised on how the Book Industry can be
further promoted in Nigeria. However, the paper concluded and made recommendations
on how the Book sector can help in enhancing scholarship in the country
The Thursday Murder Club: Launching a megabrand author - a publishing case study
No full textIn 2020, the Christmas book charts in the UK made headlines: Barack Obama’s eagerly awaited autobiography, The Promised Land, was beaten to the top spot by The Thursday Murder Club by Richard Osman, a debut cosy crime novel set in a retirement village. Not only did Osman’s book beat the former US president’s expected bestseller, it also broke records, becoming the fastest-selling debut crime novel of all time. Although Osman has a certain level of fame in the UK from his TV appearances on shows such as Pointless, his celebrity status does not entirely explain the novel’s huge sales. This article tracks the acquisition, publication, and promotion journey of The Thursday Murder Club in order to understand the industry and cultural context of its success and to interrogate the role of celebrity in the creation of author brands. The findings suggest that the unexpected scale of the success of the book owed to a number of factors, including in-depth editing by the novel’s agent, editor, and author to tighten up the plot, an extensive and strategic promotional campaign, the pandemic (which drove interest in the book’s genre and themes), and the quality of the writing. We find that the book’s success was accentuated by Osman’s celebrity status rather than being entirely reliant on it. This research adds to the growing scholarship on celebrity authorship by means of an in-depth case study and provides insight into the processes behind publishing a ‘celebrity’ book and launching a megabrand author
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
The vanishing author in computer-generated works: a critical analysis of recent Australian case law
No full textAbstract
The use of software is ubiquitous in the creation of many copyright works, yet the requirement in copyright law that every work have a human author who engages in independent intellectual effort means that its use may prevent copyright subsistence. Several recent Australian cases have refocused attention on authorship as an essential criterion of copyright subsistence, and these cases suggest that much computer-produced output may be authorless and thus lack copyright protection. This article, the first in a two-part series, analyses how each case deals with the question of authorship of computer-produced works and why the use of software diminishes copyright protection for a significant number of computer-generated works. The article critiques the application of conventional notions of human authorship developed in the pre-computer age to modern productions and suggests alternative approaches to authorship that satisfy both the major objectives of copyright policy and the need to adapt to the computer age. The article argues that, without a broader judicial approach to authorship of computer-generated works, Parliament must remedy the lacuna in protection for these ‘authorless’ works. Possible solutions for reform are suggested. In a forthcoming article, the author comprehensively examines those reform proposals
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