435,039 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Nanoimprint lithography for planar chiral photonic meta-materials
No full textRoom temperature nanoimprint lithography has successfully been applied to the fabrication of planar chiral photonic meta-materials. For dielectric chiral structures a single layer of thick HSQ was used while for metallic chiral structures a bi-layer technique using PMMA/hydrogen silsequioxane (HSQ) was applied. The polarization conversion capabilities of planar chiral structures imprinted in dielectric materials have experimentally been observed. This indicates that the developed processes in this work have the prospect of manufacturing planar photonic meta media in high volume at low cost
Hengconarius Li & Zhao & Zhang & Li 2018, gen. n.
No full textGenus Hengconarius Z. Zhao & S. Li gen. n. Type species. Draconarius exilis ZhaNG, Zhu & WaNG, 2005 Etymology. THe GeNeRIC NAMe IS DeRIVeD FROM THe PINYIN "HeNG", ReFeRRING TO THe HeNGDUAN MOUNTAINS WHeRe THe GeNUS IS DISTRIBUTeD AND THe "- conarius " FROM Draconarius. THe GeNDeR IS MASCULINe. Diagnosis. Hengconarius Z. ZhaO & S. LI gen. n. IS SIMILAR TO Sinodraconarius, Nuconarius Z. ZhaO & S. LI gen. n. AND Draconarius. BUT THeY CAN Be DISTINGUISHeD IN DeTAILS AS FOLLOWS: THe NeW GeNUS CAN Be DISTINGUISHeD FROM Sinodraconarius BY A PATeLLAR APOPHYSIS THAT IS NeVeR BIFURCATe AND A CONDUCTOR WHICH IS BIFURCATe; FROM Nuconarius Z. ZhaO & S. LI gen. n. BY THe MeDIAN APOPHYSIS NOT POINTeD, THe CONDUCTOR WITH BASAL LAMeLLA AND THe ePIGYNe WITH MIDDLe SePTUM, THe ANTeRIOR eDGe OF ePIGYNe WRINKLeD AND SCLeROTIZeD, THe POSTeRIOR eDGe OF ePIGYNe SCLeROTIZeD; FROM Draconarius BY THe CYMBIAL FURROW LeSS THAN ½ THe LeNGTH OF CYMBIUM, THe MeDIAN APOPHYSIS SLICe-SHAPeD, ePIGYNAL TeeTH ABSeNT, AND THe SPeRMATHeCAe SIMPLe AND NOT CONVOLUTeD. Description. SMALL TO MeDIUM-LARGe SIZeD, WITH TOTAL LeNGTHS RANGING FROM 6.28 TO 12.91. CARAPACe YeLLOW TO TAN; RADIAL ReGION WITH GReY-GReeN SHORT SeTAe; CHeLICeRAe WITH 3 PROMARGINAL AND 2 ReTROMARGINAL TeeTH. LeG FORMULA 4> 1> 2> 3. MALe PALP: PATeLLAR APOPHYSIS PReSeNT OR ReDUCeD; TWO TIBIAL APOPHYSeS: ReTROLATeRAL TIBIAL APOPHYSIS BROAD AND slice-shaped; lateral tibial apophysis small, whose length and width about ⅓ of the length and WIDTH OF ReTROLATeRAL TIBIAL APOPHYSIS, ReSPeCTIVeLY; CYMBIAL FURROW SHORT, LeSS THAN ½ THe LeNGTH OF CYMBIUM; eMBOLIC BASe BeGINNING AT ABOUT 8 O’CLOCK POSITION; CONDUCTOR BeFURCATe, WITH A SMALL BASAL LAMeLLA AND A CONDUCTOR’S DORSAL APOPHYSIS; MeDIAN APOPHYSIS THIN, USUALLY SLICe-SHAPeD. EPIGYNe: ePIGYNAL TeeTH ABSeNT; THe ANTeRIOR eDGe OF ePIGYNe WRINKLeD AND SCLeROTIZeD; THe POSTeRIOR eDGe OF ePIGYNe SCLeROTIZeD; THe SHAPe OF ATRIUM VARIABLe; ePIGYNAL HOODS LOCATeD ANTeROLATeRALLY; COPULATORY OPeNINGS LOCATeD CeNTRALLY; COPULATORY DUCT exTeNDS HORIZONTALLY; SPeRMATHeCAe SIMPLe AND SePARATeD, THe DISTANCe BeTWeeN SPeRMATHeCAe SUBeqUAL TO THe DIAMeTeR OF SPeRMATHeCA; SPeRMATHeCAL HeADS LOCATeD AT ANTeROLATeRALLY OR IN THe MIDDLe. Natural history. SPeCIeS OF Hengconarius Z. ZhaO & S. LI gen. n. WeRe ALL COLLeCTeD BY HAND OR TRAPPING MeTHODS. THeY WeRe FOUND IN MOIST AND GLOOMY PLACeS IN THe HIGHLANDS (1881 –4089 M), SUCH AS UNDeR STONeS, ROCKS AND IN LeAF-LITTeR. Composition. SO FAR eIGHT SPeCIeS ARe CONSIDeReD IN THe NeW GeNUS: H. dedaensis Z. ZHAO & S. LI sp. n., H. exilis (ZHANG, ZHU & WANG, 2005) comb. n., H. falcatus (XU & LI, 2006) comb. n., H. incertus (WANG, 2003) comb. n., H. latusincertus (WANG, GRISWOLD & MILLeR, 2010) comb. n., H. longipalpus Z. ZHAO & S. LI sp. n., H. longpuensis Z. ZHAO & S. LI sp. n. AND H. pseudobrunneus (WANG, 2003) comb. n. Distribution. SICHUAN, TIBeT AND YUNNAN, CHINA (FIG. 20). Comments. FOR THe DeTAILS OF THe ReLATIONSHIPS IN Hengconarius Z. ZhaO & S. LI gen. n., PLeASe See ZZ630, ZZ913, ZZ929, ZZ 987, SD023 AND SD041 (SOUTHeRN COeLOTeS GROUPS) IN FIGURe 3 AND SUPPLeMeNTARY FIGUReS S4– S 6 OF Z. ZHAO & S. LI (2017).Published as part of Li, Bing, Zhao, Zhe, Zhang, Chuntian & Li, Shuqiang, 2018, Nuconarius gen. n. and Hengconarius gen. n., two new genera of Coelotinae (Araneae, Agelenidae) spiders from Southwest China, pp. 237-263 in Zootaxa 4457 (2) on pages 246-248, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4457.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/134255
Stenus (Hypostenus) primivenatus Zhao & Zhou 2020, sp. nov.
No full text<i>1.</i> <i>Stenus (Hypostenus) primivenatus</i> Zhao & Zhou, sp. nov. <p> <b>Type Material.</b> <b>Holotype:</b> male, CHINA, Hainan, Jianfengling (180°52′E, 18°48′N), 20.VII. 2004, 650 m, Jie Wu and Yong-jie Chen collected. [Deposited in Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IZ-CAS)]</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> This new species belongs to the <i>cicindeloides</i> group. It can be easily distinguished from <i>S. (H.) cicindeloides</i> (Schaller) and <i>S. (H.) yiae</i> Zhao & Zhou <b>sp. nov.</b> by spots on elytra. It is similar to <i>S. (H.) verticalis</i> Benick, but can be distinguished from the narrow apical part of median lobe and small body. Although the median hooks of <i>S. (H.) primivenatus</i> Zhao & Zhou <b>sp. nov.</b> is not distinct sclerotized like other species of the <i>cicindeloides</i> group, the median hooks are still connected by slightly sclerotized part. Maybe this new species is primitive in this species group. Detailed description and illustrations of the species are provided by Zhao & Zhou (2008).</p>Published as part of <i>Zhao, Cai-Yun & Zhou, Hong-Zhang, 2020, Validation of Stenus (Hypostenus) primivenatus and Stenus (Hypostenus) yiae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Steninae), pp. 591-592 in Zootaxa 4881 (3)</i> on page 591, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4881.3.11, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/4283876">http://zenodo.org/record/4283876</a>
Stenus (Hypostenus) yiae , Zhao & Zhou 2020, sp. nov.
No full text2. Stenus (Hypostenus) yiae Zhao & Zhou, sp. nov. Type Material. Holotype: male, CHINA, Beijing, Chaoyang, Datunxiang (116°24′E, 39°59′N), 21.V. 1996, Hong-zhang Zhou collected [Deposited in Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IZ-CAS)]; Paratypes: 1 female, same data as holotype; 1 male, 1 female, CHINA, Beijing (116°28′E, 40°13′N), 1942; 1 male, 2 females, CHINA, Fujian, Shaxian (117°46′E, 26°25′N), 15.VII.1977, Xiao-nan Luo collected; 2 males, 3 females, CHINA, Shanghai (121°29′E, 31°13′N), A. SAVIO collected; 14 ex., CHINA, Shanghai (121°29′E, 31°13′N), O. PIEL collected. [Deposited in Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IZ-CAS)] Diagnosis. This new species belongs to the cicindeloides group. It can be easily distinguished from S. (H.) verticalis Benick and S. (H.) primivenatus Zhao & Zhou sp. nov. by the absence of spots on elytra. It is similar to S. (H.) cicindeloides (Schaller), but differs from the latter by having a broad apical part of median lobe and a different spermatheca structure. Detailed description and illustrations of the species are provided by Zhao & Zhou (2008).Published as part of Zhao, Cai-Yun & Zhou, Hong-Zhang, 2020, Validation of Stenus (Hypostenus) primivenatus and Stenus (Hypostenus) yiae (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Steninae), pp. 591-592 in Zootaxa 4881 (3) on page 591, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4881.3.11, http://zenodo.org/record/428387
Gas exsolution and gas invasion in peat: Towards a comprehensive modelling framework
No full textIncreasing climatic stresses accelerate the degradation of highly organic soils, like peat, by increasing their drying rate above the water table and their decomposition rate under water. Recent experimental studies provide evidence of the consequences of these processes on the hydro-mechanical properties of peat. However, modelling the experimental evidence in a comprehensive framework remains challenging, especially in the case of anaerobic degradation, which is accompanied by gas generation, exsolution and expansion, into an initially saturated matrix of soil. In this research study, experimental results from undrained isotropic unloading on artificially gas-charged peat samples are combined with data from drying tests on the same peat, in an attempt to develop a unified framework encompassing the two desaturation processes. As a first approximation, simple compression laws depending on the average stress acting on the soil skeleton are used to simulate the experimental results. The comparison between experimental data and model simulations suggests the possibility of modelling gas expansion similar to the gas invasion process occurring on drying. The modelling approach, stemming from unsaturated soil mechanics, is meant to offer a possible framework to include the hydro-mechanical consequences of the effects of degradation of peats in the engineering analysis. Accepted author manuscriptGeo-engineerin
Nuconarius pseudocapitulatus Li & Zhao & Zhang & Li 2018, comb. n.
No full textNuconarius pseudocapitulatus (Wang, 2003) comb. n. FIGS 5–7 Draconarius pseudocapitulatus WaNG 2003: 545, fIGS 53A–B; WaNG et al. 2010: 89, fIGS 407–427; Zhu et al. 2017: 352, fIGS 219A–D. Types. Holotype: ♀ (HNNU), DANZHU He DRAINAGe, (27.631000°N, 98.621000°E, eLeV. 2700 M), 13.5 AIR KM SSW OF GONGSHAN, GONGSHAN CO., NUjIANG, Yunnan, China, 30 JUNe–5 JULY 2000, D. KAVANAUGH, C.E. GRISWOLD, H.B. LIANG, D. UBICK, H.M. YAN, D.Z. DONG LeG. Paratypes: 1♀ (HNNU), same data as holotype; 1♀ (CAS), Nujiang STATe NATURe ReSeRVe, NO. 12 BRIDGe CAMP AReA (27.715000°N, 98.502000°E, eLeV. 2775M) 16.3 AIR KM W OF GONGSHAN, NUjIANG PReFeCTURe, GAOLIGONG SHAN, Yunnan, China, 15–19 JULY 2000, H.M. YAN, D. KAVANAUGH, C.E. GRISWOLD, H.B. LIANG, D. UBICK, D.Z. DONG LeG. Other records: 37♀♀ 9♂♂ (HNNU AND CAS), GAOLIGONG SHAN, Yunnan, China. Material examined. 1♀ 1♂ (IZCAS-AR 33971), DABADI (27.786267°N, 98.510283°E, eLeV. 3200 M), 41 KM OF DeRUNG-NU AUTONOMOUS COUNTY GONGSHAN, NUjIANG OF THe LISU AUTONOMOUS PReFeCTURe, Yunnan, China, 11 DeCeMBeR 2013, Y. LI & J. LIU LeG. Diagnosis. MALeS OF THIS SPeCIeS CAN Be DISTINGUISHeD FROM N. brevipatellatus Z. ZhaO & S. LI sp. n. BY THe LONG PATeLLAR APOPHYSIS, SUBeqUAL TO THe LeNGTH OF PATeLLA, WHILe IT IS OBVIOUS SHORT IN N. brevipatellatus Z. ZhaO & S. LI sp. n.; and cymbial furrow short, less than ½ of the length of cymbium, while it is about ⅓ in N. brevipatellatus Z. ZhaO & S. LI sp. n. (FIGS 1C, 5C), AND MeDIAN APOPHYSIS ABSeNT (FIGS 1B–C, 5B–C). FeMALeS OF THe SPeCIeS CAN Be DISTINGUISHeD FROM N. brevipatellatus Z. ZhaO & S. LI sp. n. BY THe SPeRMATHeCAL HeADS WHOSe WIDTH eqUAL TO THe LeNGTH WHILe IN N. brevipatellatus Z. ZhaO & S. LI sp. n., THe WIDTH OF SPeRMATHeCAL HeADS IS LONGeR THAN THe LeNGTH (FIGS 2B, 6B); THe POSTeRIOR ePIGYNAL SCLeRITe SeMICIRCULAR AND UNCOVeReD WHILe IN N. brevipatellatus Z. ZhaO & S. LI sp. n., THe POSTeRIOR ePIGYNAL SCLeRITe COVeReD BY THe exTeNDeD POSTeRIOR eDGe OF ATRIUM (FIGS 2A, 6A). Description. Male: See WANG et al. (2010). PHOTOS OF BOTH HABITUS AND PALP ARe PROVIDeD HeRe (FIGS 5–6). Female: See WANG (2003). PHOTOS OF BOTH HABITUS AND ePIGYNe ARe PROVIDeD HeRe (FIG. 6). Variation: TOTAL LeNGTH VARIeS FROM 8.70 TO 10.80. Distribution. YUNNAN, CHINA (FIG. 7).Published as part of Li, Bing, Zhao, Zhe, Zhang, Chuntian & Li, Shuqiang, 2018, Nuconarius gen. n. and Hengconarius gen. n., two new genera of Coelotinae (Araneae, Agelenidae) spiders from Southwest China, pp. 237-263 in Zootaxa 4457 (2) on pages 244-246, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4457.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/134255
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