46 research outputs found
Investigation of Sulfide Oxidation and Filtration Performance of an Aerobik Membrane Bioreactor
No full textBu çalışmada laboratuvar ölçekli bir aerobik membran biyoreaktörde(MBR) sülfür oksidasyon verimi ve filtrasyon performansı incelenmiştir.Bunun için sentetik asidik maden sızıntı suyu arıtımı amaçlı işletilen sülfatindirgeyen anaerobik MBR (SanMBR) çıkış suları sülfür oksitleyen MBR’ye(SoxMBR) beslenerek, yüksek filtrasyon akı değerlerinde (8–30 L/m2.saat)sülfür oksidasyon ve organik madde giderim veriminin tespit edilmesininyanı sıra, membran tıkanma durumunun takibi, reaktör içinde ve membranyüzeyinde organik ve inorganik kirleticilerin tayini ve çamurun özellikleriüzerinden değerlendirmeler yapılmıştır. SoxMBR ile süzüntüde sülfürkonsantrasyonu 1 mg/L’nin altında olacak şekilde oldukça yüksek sülfüroksidasyon ve organik madde giderim verimleri elde edilmiş, yüksekakılarda işletim sırasında dahi sınırlı sayıda kimyasal yıkama ihtiyacıgörülmüştür.This study investigated sulfide oxidation efficiency and filtration performance of a laboratory scale aerobic membrane bioreactor (MBR). For this purpose, effluent of an anaerobic MBR (SanMBR) that treated synthetic acidic mine drainage was fed to the sulfide oxidizing MBR (SoxMBR) and the system was operated at high filtration flux values (8–30 L/m2.s) while sulfide oxidation and organic matter removal efficiencies were determined and evaluations were made based on characterization of organic and inorganic membrane foulants and sludge properties. High sulfide oxidation and organic matter removal efficiencies were achieved in SoxMBR that was operated at high filtration flux values with limited number of chemical cleaning requirements
Mechanism of Calcium-dependent Chloride Channel Activation by the Secreted Regulator CLCA1
No full textThe calcium-activated chloride channel regulator (CLCA) proteins are key signaling molecules, which are implicated in various diseases through their tissue-specific expression. Human CLCA1 protein, overexpressed in airway epithelia under pathophysiological conditions, is centrally involved in the manifestation of IL-13-driven mucus cell metaplasia (MCM), a hallmark feature of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), for which there are currently no available therapeutics. Elucidating the poorly understood molecular basis of CLCA1 function is thus required to design specific inhibitors of CLCA1 activity to treat MCM in asthma and COPD.
Originally misannotated as ion channels, CLCA proteins are secreted soluble proteins that act as regulators of unknown calcium-activated chloride channels (CaCC) in the airways. Additionally, these proteins undergo proteolytic cleavage, adding yet another level of complexity to the mystery of how a secreted protein can regulate chloride currents.
This study focuses on the proteolytic cleavage of CLCA1 and provides mechanistic detail into how secreted CLCA1 protein modulates currents from a CaCC in mammalian cells, which is identified as TMEM16A. For this unique interaction to occur, secreted full-length CLCA1 undergoes a self-cleavage reaction using an N-terminal zincin metalloprotease with a novel fold, which releases the functionally active N-terminal fragment. This cleavage exposes the von Willebrand factor type A (vWA) domain to directly interact with membrane-associated TMEM16A at the C-terminal extracellular loop (loop 9-10). The direct interaction increases TMEM16A surface density by stabilizing the channel on the cell surface and blocking its rapid recycling, thus resulting in increased chloride currents
DFT Study on the His-Tag Binding Affinity of Metal Ions in Modeled Hexacationic Metal Complexes
No full textHistidine oligomers (His-tags) are commonly used as affinity tags in recombinant protein purification to enable in vitro experimental studies, including biochemical and biophysical assays and structure determination. His-tags enable protein purification by specifically and efficiently coordinating bivalent metal ions present in the purification resins, such as Cu2+, Zn2+, and Ni2+. Although His-tags, combined with Ni2+-based resins, are widely used due to their biophysical properties and commercial availability, the structure and nature of the metal cation coordination have remained unclear. In this study, the chemical structure of metal-coordinating His-tags was modeled to elucidate the metal preferences for better binding and to determine the structural changes that occur upon metal coordination. 6His-tag is a string of 6 histidine residues usually coordinated to bivalent metal ions (M2+), such as Ni2+, Zn2+, and Cu2+, through the nitrogen atoms of the imidazole rings. The metals complete their octahedral coordination shell with the lone pair of electrons of the oxygen atoms of the resin to which they are attached to. The resin was modeled as an oxalaldehyde group with the closed formula of (OCH)4. The geometry optimizations were carried out using the DFT method at the B3LYP/6-31g (d, p) level and in implicit water using the IEFPCM solvent model. The impact of Ni2+, Zn2+, and Cu2+ metals on the resin binding ability of 6His-tags was tested by adding amino acids to the N-terminus of metal-coordinated hexahistidine chains. The activity of the metals as electron donors or acceptors to the coordination bonds that they form was estimated by calculating the NBO energies. The complexation enthalpies of metal-bearing resin with hexahistidine, naked or having an amino acid tail, were calculated. Our results showed that Ni2+ has the highest affinity for the recombinant 6His-tag
I Know It's Wrong but It Feels So Right: A Study on Relational Cognitive Dissonance
No full textThe role of feminist attitudes on experiencing relational cognitive dissonanc
The Operatic Problem
No full textIn The Operatic Problem (1902), W. Johnson Galloway argues for the establishment of a "system for National Opera" in England, lamenting that England "alone in civilised Europe remained indifferent" to fostering the art form. While other nations (Italy, Germany, France) utilize state or municipal subsidies , England merely imports foreign performers, which is detrimental to native talent. Galloway insists this failure is not due to a lack of English talent, citing the historical success of "ballad operas" and composers like Purcell and Balfe.
He analyzes the failure of a major "patriotic effort" (the Royal English Opera House and its production of Ivanhoe) , arguing it was doomed by specific flaws—such as a stage "far too small for grand opera" , an "overloaded book" (libretto) , and the "folly of running [it] every night" —not by the concept of national opera itself.W. Johnson Galloway, The Operatic Problem (1902) (Operatik Sorun) adlı eserinde, "uygar Avrupa'da" sanat formunu destekleme konusunda "kayıtsız kalan tek" ülkenin İngiltere olduğunu belirterek bir "Ulusal Opera sistemi" kurulmasını savunmaktadır. Diğer uluslar (İtalya, Almanya, Fransa) devlet veya belediye sübvansiyonlarını kullanırken , İngiltere sadece yabancı sanatçıları ithal etmekte, bu da yerel yeteneklere zarar vermektedir. Galloway, bu başarısızlığın İngiliz yetenek eksikliğinden kaynaklanmadığını, "balad operaları" ile Purcell ve Balfe gibi bestecilerin tarihsel başarısını örnek göstererek vurgulamaktadır. Daha önceki büyük bir "yurtsever girişimi" (Kraliyet İngiliz Operası ve Ivanhoe prodüksiyonu) analiz eder ve bu girişimin başarısızlığının ulusal opera konseptinden değil, "büyük opera için çok küçük bir sahne" , "aşırı yüklü bir libretto" ve "[eseri] her gece oynatma çılgınlığı" gibi spesifik kusurlardan kaynaklandığını savunur
Melissa officinalis essential oil loaded polycaprolactone membranes: evaluation of antimicrobial activities and cytocompatibility for tissue engineering applications
No full textAntimicrobial biomaterials play important role in tissue engineering applications to protect damaged tissue from infections. The aim of this study is producing antimicrobial polycaprolactone (PCL) membranes by using a plant based antimicrobial agent. Therefore,Melissa officinalisessential oil (MEO) was investigated against ten types of microorganisms and remarkable antimicrobial activity was demonstrated. PCL:MEO membranes were prepared by solvent casting method by mixing MEO into PCL in various ratios (PCL:0M, PCL:0.25M, PCL:0.5M, and PCL:1M w/w). Water contact angle measurements showed that hydrophilicity of the membranes increased with increasing concentrations of MEO from 103.44 degrees to 83.36 degrees for PCL:0M and PCL:1M, respectively. It was determined that there was an inverse relationship between the MEO concentration and the mechanical properties. Notable antioxidant activity of PCL/MEO membranes was exhibited by the inhibition percent of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) which was increased from 24.74% to 44.79% for PCL:0M and PCL:1M, respectively. The antimicrobial activity of MEO was also highly maintained in PCL membranes. For PCL/MEO membranes, at least 99.9% of microorganisms were inhibited. Cytocompatibility of the membranes were investigated by resazurin assay, scanning electron microscopy analysis and 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining. PCL:0.25M and PCL:0.5M membranes supported the viability of L929 cells more than 87% when compared to PCL:0M membranes on day 6. However, the viability of L929 cells on PCL:1M membranes was about 43% indicating significant decrease on cellular activity. In conclusion, PCL:0.25M and PCL:0.5M membranes with their high antimicrobial activity, acceptable mechanical properties and cytocompatible properties, they can be considered as an alternative biomaterial for tissue engineering applications.Scientific Research Projects Unit of Adana Alparslan Turkes Science and Technology University [BAP- 21103012]; Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye [TUBITAK 2209A/1919B012003944]This study was supported by the Scientific Research Projects Unit of Adana Alparslan Turkes Science and Technology University (BAP- 21103012) and The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK 2209A/1919B012003944)
Bibliometric Analysis of Meta-Analysis Articles Published in the Field of Nursing on Cancer
No full textAmaç: Bu çalışma, 2014-2024 yılları arasında, hemşirelik alanında kanser ile ilgili yayınlanmış meta-analizlerin bibliyografik olarak incelenmesi (ülke, kurum, yazar, atıf ve anahtar kelimelerin özetlenmesi ve görselleştirilmesi) amacıyla yapılmıştır. Yöntem: Çalışma kapsamında elde edilen veriler Web of Science (WoS) veri tabanından elde edilmiştir. Bu kapsamdaki çalışmaların etik kurul izni gerektirmemesi nedeniyle etik kurul raporu alınmamıştır. Meta-analizlere ulaşmak için; cancer, neoplasm*, tumour, nursing, “nursing care”, meta-analy* kelimeleri kullanılarak tarama yapılmıştır. Bibliyometrik analizler için VOSviewer programı kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Taramalarda veri tabanında yapılan filtrelemeler sonucu ulaşılan 886 bin 948 çalışma bibliyometrik analize dahil edilmiştir. Kanserle ilgili meta-analizlerin en çok 2022 yılında yayınlandığı, en üretken yazarın “Bayram, Aysun” ve en çok atıf alan yazarın “Chen, Yong” olduğu bulunmuştur. En çok üretkenlik gösteren ülke Çin, en çok atıf alan ülke ABD’dir. En çok üretkenlik gösteren kurum “Huazhong University of Science and Technology” iken, en çok atıf alan kurumun “Perelman School of Medicine” olduğu bulunmuştur. Konuyla ilgili en çok üretkenlik gösteren dergi “BMJ Open”, en çok atıf alan dergi ise “Medical Care” dergisidir. İncelenen çalışmalarda en çok kullanılan ilk üç anahtar kelimenin “Hemşirelik Bakımı”, “Hemşirelik” ve “Meta-analiz” kelimeleri olduğu bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Çalışmamızın sonucunda, hemşirelik alanında kanserde meta-analizle ilgili yayınların 2022 yılına kadar her yıl artan oranda devam ettiği ancak 2023 yılından itibaren azalmaya başladığı görülmüştür. 2024 yılındaki çalışma sayısının nispeten düşük olmasının nedeni, bibliyometrik analiz verilerinin Ekim 2024’te toplanmış olması olabilir. Öneriler: Bu çalışmada elde edilen sonuçların gelecekte hemşirelik alanında kanser ile ilgili çalışma yapmayı planlayan araştırmacılara rehberlik edebileceği düşünülmektedir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Kanser, Meta-analiz, Bibliyometri, VOSviewer, HemşirelikObjective: The aim of this study was to conduct a bibliographic review (summarising and visualising country, institution, author, citation and keywords) of meta-analyses published in the field of cancer nursing between 2014 and 2024. Method: The data within the scope of the study were obtained from the Web of Science (WoS) database. Since the data within this scope did not require permission from the ethics committee, an ethics committee report was not obtained. To access meta-analyses, the words cancer, neoplasm*, tumour, nursing, 'nursing care', meta-analysis* were searched. VOSviewer software was used for bibliometric analyses. Results: After filtering the database, 886 thousand 948 studies were included in the bibliometric analysis. It was found that most meta-analyses on cancer were published in 2022, the most productive author is 'Bayram, Aysun' and the most cited author is 'Chen, Yong'. The most productive country is China and the most cited country is the US. The most productive institution is 'Huazhong University of Science and Technology' and the most cited institution is 'Perelman School of Medicine'. The most productive journal is 'BMJ Open', and the most cited journal is 'Medical Care'. It was found that the first three most frequently used keywords in the analysed studies were 'nursing care', 'nursing' and 'meta-analysis'. Conclusion: As a result of our study, it was observed that the publications related to meta-analysis in cancer in the field of nursing continued to increase every year until 2022, but started to decrease from 2023. The reason for the relatively low number of studies in 2024 may be that the data for the bibliometric analysis was collected in October 2024. Suggestions: It is believed that the results obtained in this study can guide researchers who plan to conduct studies on meta-analysis in cancer in the field of nursing in the future. Keywords: Cancer, Meta-analysis, Bibliometrics, VOSviewer, NursingHerhangi bir kurumdan destek alınmamıştır
A novel transformer-based approach for soil temperature prediction
No full textSoil temperature is one of the most significant parameters that plays a
crucial role in glacier energy, dynamics of mass balance, processes of surface
hydrological, coaction of glacier-atmosphere, nutrient cycling, ecological
stability, the management of soil, water, and field crop. In this work, we
introduce a novel approach using transformer models for the purpose of
forecasting soil temperature prediction. To the best of our knowledge, the
usage of transformer models in this work is the very first attempt to predict
soil temperature. Experiments are carried out using six different FLUXNET
stations by modeling them with five different transformer models, namely,
Vanilla Transformer, Informer, Autoformer, Reformer, and ETSformer. To
demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model, experiment results are
compared with both deep learning approaches and literature studies. Experiment
results show that the utilization of transformer models ensures a significant
contribution to the literature, thence determining the new state-of-the-art
