1,720,979 research outputs found
Preventing Chronic Disease (PCD)
Get PDFAlthough obesity screening and treatment are recommended by the US Preventive Services Task Force, 1 in 5 women are obese when they conceive. Women are at risk for complications of untreated obesity particularly during the reproductive years and may benefit from targeted screening. Risks of obesity and potential benefits of intervention in this population are well characterized. Rates of adverse pregnancy outcomes including gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, cesarean delivery, and stillbirth increase as maternal body mass index increases. Offspring risks include higher rates of congenital anomalies, abnormal intrauterine growth, and childhood obesity. Observational data suggest that weight loss may reduce risks of obesity-related pregnancy complications. Although obesity screening has not been studied in women of reproductive age, the effect of obesity and the potential for significant maternal and fetal benefits make screening of women during the childbearing years an essential part of the effort to reduce the impact of the obesity epidemic
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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High Risk Pregnancy
No full textPaper 1: Predictors of antepartum admission in diabetes
Objective: Diabetes is associated with increased healthcare utilization and cost in pregnant women. We sought to investigate the predictors of antepartum hospitalization in pregnant women with diabetes.
Methods: We performed a retrospective review of women with pre-gestational diabetes who received care in a multidisciplinary program for diabetes in pregnancy at Brigham and women’s hospital from 2006-2011. Our primary outcome was antepartum hospitalization, with a secondary measure of length of stay. We modeled the multivariate odds of hospitalization prior to delivery using logistic regression.
Results: We identified 244 women of whom 103 (42.2%) were hospitalized antepartum. The median (IQR) length of stay was 2 days (+2 days). There was no difference in age, race or pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) between women who were admitted and those who were not. Women who were admitted had a higher first Hemoglobin A1c in pregnancy (median of 7.85 + 2.75% vs 6.55 + 1.48%). In a multivariate model, markers of preconception health including first hemoglobin A1c in pregnancy (adjusted odds ratio[aOR] 1.5, 95% CI 1.24-1.81, p<0.001), smoking (aOR 4.02, CI 1.25- 12.90, p=0.019) and chronic hypertension (aOR 2.05, 95% CI 1.03-4.05, p= 0.03) were associated with increased odds of antepartum admission. First hemoglobin A1c in pregnancy was also associated with increased length of stay prior to delivery (beta=0.32, 95% CI 1.15- 5.87, p=0.004)
Conclusion: In our study, glycemic control, smoking and chronic hypertension prior to pregnancy were associated with antepartum hospitalization, highlighting the importance of preconception health for reproductive-aged women with diabetes.
Paper 2:Knowledge and attitudes toward prenatal yoga among women with high risk pregnancies
Objective: To evaluate the attitudes and knowledge of prenatal yoga and investigate barriers and facilitators to yoga participation in high risk pregnant women receiving prenatal care in an academic tertiary care center.
Methods: We surveyed a convenience sample of women receiving prenatal care through the Maternal-Fetal Medicine practice at Brigham and Women’s Hospital. We classified participants as yoga experienced or yoga naïve depending on self-report. We compared differences between the two groups using the appropriate nonparametric tests and compared bivariate odds ratios for survey results using logistic regression.
Results: Of the 100 respondents, 53% had practiced yoga previously. Women with yoga experience were older (age 34.9 +5.6 vs 31 +6 years, p=0.004), more likely to be college graduates (94% vs 68%, p=0.002), and more likely to be white (77% vs 47%, p=0.002) than women without previous yoga experience. Previous yoga experience was associated with agreement that yoga was safe during their current pregnancy (OR 5.9, 95% CI 1.9-17.7). Of the women surveyed, 56% agreed that they would like to attend a prenatal yoga class. In a multivariate model including age, race and education, previous yoga experience was the only significant predictor associated with willingness to participate in prenatal yoga classes during current pregnancy. (OR 3.1, 95% CI 1.1-8.6)
Conclusion: Prior yoga experience was the strongest predictor of willingness to attend a prenatal yoga class in our population. Our results suggest that women with high risk pregnancies who may benefit from prenatal yoga interventions but lack prior yoga experience may need additional education to facilitate participation.Master’s Program in Clinical Investigatio
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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