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Development and Application of Decellularized Extracellular Matrix Hydrogels for Translational Regenerative Engineering
No full textDevelopment and Application of Decellularized Extracellular Matrix Hydrogels for Translational Regenerative Engineering
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Development and Application of Decellularized Extracellular Matrix Hydrogels for Translational Regenerative Engineering
No full textDecellularized extracellular matrix (ECM) biomaterials have been used extensively in diverse clinical applications, and numerous preclinical studies have demonstrated their potential for regenerative tissue engineering. While decellularized ECM patches and sheets dominate the clinical space, ECM hydrogels, which are thermoresponsive and can be delivered to tissues minimally invasively, have seen increasing attention in preclinical research with a recent clinical application. Thus, with the goal of expanding clinical translation of decellularized ECM hydrogels, this dissertation presents a review of tissue decellularization techniques and the pro-repair mechanisms of ECM biomaterials as well as application of ECM hydrogels for regenerative tissue engineering in three different highly translational preclinical animal models of underserved soft tissue disorders. In designing ECM hydrogels for tissue repair with the goal of clinical translation, it is critical to understand various decellularization techniques, their scalability and impact on manufacturing processes, and their history of use in clinical applications. Furthermore, we may utilize our knowledge of successful translation of ECM biomaterials and the mechanisms of pro-repair in established treatment models to inform novel design and application of ECM biomaterials. Utilizing these strategies, we have designed tissue-specific injectable ECM hydrogels for tissue regeneration in translational preclinical models of tongue fibrosis, stress urinary incontinence, and vaginal atrophy associated with genitourinary syndrome of menopause. In all applications, ECM hydrogels demonstrate remarkable versatility and potential to mediate pro-repair in various soft tissue disorders. In a model of tongue fibrosis, skeletal muscle derived ECM hydrogel demonstrates reduction of scar formation, improvement of muscle regeneration, transient increase in neovascularization, and modulation of the immune response towards a pro-repair and anti-inflammatory phenotype. In a model of stress urinary incontinence, ECM hydrogels may be used as a minimally invasive and highly targeted potential therapeutic, warranting further investigation. Finally, in a model of menopause, a tissue-specific ECM hydrogel improves both epithelial and smooth muscle repair despite being delivered through intravaginal administration, and anti-inflammatory macrophages are implicated in this pro-repair response spanning multiple layers of the vaginal tissue. Overall, the studies presented herein demonstrate the translational potential of ECM hydrogels for tissue regeneration in diverse applications
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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