1,721,402 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
MicroRNA in T-cell development and T-cell mediated acute graft-versus-host disease
No full textAcute graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) is still a major cause of treatment-related mortality after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Allo-antigen recognition of donor T cells after transplantation account for the onset and persistence of this disease. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are molecular regulators involved in numerous processes during T-cell development, homeostasis, and activation. Thus, miRNAs also contribute to pathological T-cell function during GvHD. Given their capacity of fine-tuning T-cell function, miRNAs have emerged as promising therapeutic targets to curtail acute GvHD, but simultaneously maintain T-cell-mediated graft-versus-tumor effects. Here, we review the role of key miRNAs contributing to the pathophysiology of GvHD. We focus on those miRNAs acting in T cells and for which a role in GvHD has been established in preclinical models. Finally, we provide an outlook for clinical application of this new therapeutic target for GvHD prevention and treatment
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Discovery of underlying mechanisms by which clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) provokes coronary artery diseases
No full textClonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) is an acquired, genetic cardiovascular (CV) risk factor. In order to understand how CHIP mediates CV diseases, we conducted a clinical study to investigate patients undergoing coronary angiography. In our study cohort, CHIP was three times more prevalent than in the general public and was associated with more severe coronary artery disease. Following the clinical findings, we hypothesized that CHIP-mutant monocytes infiltrate better into arterial intima hence accelerate the formation of atheroma lesions. To test our hypothesis, we examined the CHIP mutation frequency of blood monocytes and plaque macrophages from CHIP carriers who underwent carotid endarterectomy. We rejected the hypothesis by showing that plaque macrophages bear the same frequency of CHIP mutation as blood monocytes do. Subsequently, we shifted our focus onto characterizing the CHIP-mutant circulating monocytes.Recent studies suggest that pro‐inflammatory myeloid cells mediate CHIP‐associated CV risk but have missed to prove a direct linkage between CHIP genotype and phenotype on a single cell level in order to claim causality. To identify an intrinsic effect of CHIP mutation, we applied a single-cell parallel DNA/RNA sequencing technique, by which we discovered that mutant and non‐mutant monocyte gene expression profiles were unexpectedly indistinguishable but collectively more inflammatory in DNMT3A mutation carriers than in non-carriers. The findings inspired the hypothesis: Impacts of CHIP mutation start in the upstream myelopoiesis. We tested our hypothesis applying single-cell parallel sequencing on bone marrow cells from a CHIP carrier (DNMT3A p.R882H) who underwent sternotomy. We found that mutant hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC) were more inflammatory as opposed to the non-mutant counterparts. Based on our results, we propose a model that explains how CHIP mutations drive inflammatory myelopoiesis, which ultimately results in overt CV diseases
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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