1,720,980 research outputs found
La Nutrizione Artificiale: il progetto della regione Emilia-Romagna
No full textL’evoluzione della medicina, le nuove conoscenze, i determinanti apporti delle tecnologie in ambito sanitario hanno, non solo ampliato il campo d’azione della medicina, ma anche aumentato la sopravvivenza delle persone modificando la patologia e la prevalenza delle malattie. La conseguente evoluzione e complessità del bisogno di cure richiedono modelli assistenziali capaci di erogare risposte integrate attraverso lo sviluppo della cultura delle relazioni nella continuità.
Analoga evoluzione è avvenuta nell’uso della nutrizione artificiale, pratica terapeutica utilizzata sia negli stati di malattia acuta che negli stati di malattia cronica ai diversi livelli di intensità assistenziale. Le crescenti indicazioni dell’utilizzo di questa pratica clinica hanno portato la Regione Emilia-Romagna ad emanare linee di indirizzo (Circolare n. 4/2004) di riferimento per le Aziende sanitarie. Le indicazioni regionali delineano il percorso clinico-organizzativo per la gestione integrata della nutrizione artificiale; perseguendo l’obiettivo della continuità assistenziale, della qualificazione scientifica, della multidisciplinarità e multiprofessionalità.
Per raggiungere tali obiettivi la circolare affronta gli aspetti peculiari dell’appropriatezza terapeutica e della continuità assistenziale, prevede la presenza in ambito aziendale di un team nutrizionale, individua le strutture coinvolte e le responsabilità ai diversi livelli. Inoltre fornisce raccomandazioni per l’appropriato utilizzo degli integratori prescritti nell’ambito di un programma nutrizionale, e prevede percorsi specifici di formazione differenziati per livello di approfondimento
A quick and efficient non-targeted screening test for saffron authentication: Application of chemometrics to gas-chromatographic data
No full textSaffron is one of the most adulterated food products all over the world because of its high market prize. Therefore, a non-targeted approach based on the combination of headspace flash gas-chromatography with flame ionization detection (HS-GC-FID) and chemometrics was tested and evaluated to check adulteration of this spice with two of the principal plant-derived adulterants: turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) and marigold (Calendula officinalis L.). Chemometric models were carried out through both linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) from the gas-chromatographic data. These models were also validated by cross validation (CV) and external validation, which were performed by testing both models on pure spices and artificial mixtures capable of simulating adulterations of saffron with the two adulterants examined. These models gave back satisfactory results. Indeed, both models showed functional internal and external prediction ability. The achieved results point out that the method based on a combination of chemometrics with gas-chromatography may provide a rapid and low-cost screening method for the authentication of saffron
Rapid discrimination of Italian Prosecco wines by head-space gas-chromatography basing on the volatile profile as a chemometric fingerprint
Full text linkProsecco wine is one of the most important products of the Italian oenological landscape. Its production is strictly regulated by several disciplinary. Thus, it is important to verify the quality of the final product, to defend the uniqueness of this wine. This work describes a rapid method to discriminate among varieties of Italian Prosecco wine using the volatile-fraction distribution as an untargeted fingerprint. The volatile profile corresponds to gas-chromatograms obtained in head-space mode. Principal components analysis of chromatograms allows discriminating the Prosecco samples depending on geographical origin, cultivation practices, and wine-making technologies. In particular, conventional vs. biological agriculture and manual vs. mechanical harvesting give well-separated clusters when projected on a scores plot. Influence plots allow evaluating which variables are the most effective to describe the differences between oenological classes, which are declared in the label and coded in the disciplinary of origin denomination. The identification of discriminating molecules in the volatile profile is also performed by Kovats indexes. Thus, possible chemical markers for the classification of Italian Prosecco wines are appointed
Self-organizing maps as a data-driven approach to elucidate the packing motifs of perylene diimide derivatives
Full text linkThe efficient classification or prediction of crystal structures into a small number of families of related structures can be extremely important in the design of materials with specific packing and properties. In this respect, the traditional way to classify the crystal packing of organic semiconductors as herringbone, sandwich-herringbone, and beta- or gamma-sheets by visual inspection has its limitations. Herein, we present the use of a clustering method based on a combination of self-organizing maps and principal component analysis as a data-driven approach to classify different pi-stacking arrangements into families of similar crystal packing. We explored the pi-stacking arrangements within the crystal structures deposited in the Cambridge Structural Database of perylene diimide (PDI) derivatives with different types and positions of the substituents. The structures were characterised by a set of descriptors that were then used for classification. Six different packing families of PDIs were identified and their characteristics are discussed here. Finally, the effects of different substituent types and positions on the resulting packing arrangement are discussed
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
- …
