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    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed

    Endless diving project: step 36. Successfully completed

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    Aim: Endless Diving project’s a complex and articulated idea moved through several progressively deeper levels and mainly aimed to determine positive and negative factors in the relationship between man and subaquatic environment. A program tailored through the years upon an athlete’s health conditions; a tight pairing of sporting achievements and scientific research. This final step has been the actual fulfillment of a promise and, but just incidentally, an incredible world record. Materials: A no-stop underwater endurance performance, lasting 36 hours at 10 swm (33 feet), wearing a wet-suit. It took place into theMaratea harbour waters on Sept 12th–13th, 2014. The challenge stood in not having possibilities to take a resting sleep and in some necessary feeding limitations, merely freeze-dried foods and juices to keep hydroelectrolytic balance unchanged. A spirometry has been taken at the pre- and post-dive phase, as well as basal measurements (weight, BP/HR, BT), blood and muscle samples. Results: Where compared our pre- to post-dive findings, Francesco Colletta showed: unchanged both muscle conditions and Body Temperature (36.5 vs. 36.8) and spirometry reports as well, nevertheless there were interesting changes in some other physical, haematological and haematochemical responses to this challenging test. We registered a weight loss of 5.5 kgs, and an increase in: hepatic functional indexes, LDH (650 U/I), CK 892 (0–190 U/L), c-reactive protein (2.435 mg/dL), insulin (33.5 lUI/ml), cortisol (0.95 lg/dL), ACTH (2.6 pg/ml) and WBC count (11.200). Any value returned to its range by few days from the end of the ‘‘STEP-36’’ attempt, but a slight decrease in PLTs volume at 12 days (6.7 fl). Conclusions: A well-prepared athlete and a specialized team, with expertise in the field and a careful preparation on the ground, have made possible that this new challenge to human limits can be said definitely won, and ‘‘STEP-36’’ as successfully completed
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