1,721,002 research outputs found
Organic waste composting and sustainability in low-income communities in Palestine: lessons from a pilot project in the village of Al Jalameh, Jenin
Full text linkPurpose: A pilot composting project was initiated as part of a 200 tons/day solid waste recycling plant with active involvement of several local stakeholders. The project aimed at introducing compost production and use in the village of Al Jalameh, Palestine. This paper describes the successes and lessons from the pilot project. Methods: Based on the data collected on the population, waste production and economic activities, the best production methodology and composting units were designed and piloted. The compost was produced from animal manure, farm waste and organic fraction of domestic solid waste. Approaches to increase profit and sustain the initiative was implemented. Results: The facility managed by Al Jalameh Agricultural Cooperative Society, recycles 60% organic fraction of domestic waste reducing the quantity of waste to the landfill. An estimated 1425 m3/year of compost are required for local agriculture while 800 tons/year is produced. With most of their compost coming from Israeli sources, the composting facility is at a competitive advantage. To increase the profit, around 28,125 kg of waste plastic sheets from greenhouses are collected for recycling each year generating a stable income of 5625.00 JOD/year. Conclusions: The compost produced in the village is purchased by the local farmers increasing access to compost at competitive price. Farmers are economically encouraged by compost production that could solve the organic waste management issue and at the same time guarantee a sort of “self-production” of fertiliser useful for local agriculture. This initiative could be extended to other villages in Jenin and other developing countries where agriculture is their major occupation
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Life Cycle Assessment Applied to Circular Designed Construction Materials
No full textFollowing the Waste Framework Directive, new solutions must be identified for the management of Construction and Demolition waste. Circular economy would provide the strategic key for addressing this issue: construction industry may, in fact, become an elective consumer of its own waste, where construction materials are circular and eco-designed. A comprehensive case study has been built, starting from evaluation of different management options for this waste to be applied in the municipality of Bologna and prosecuting with the design of concrete mixes, implementing construction and demolition derived aggregates as partial replacement for natural aggregates. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) has been applied to evaluate the environmental impact of the options designed, in comparison with standard concrete already on the market. In particular, 25% replacement of natural aggregates leads to almost equal decrease in respiratory inorganics related impact and more than 39% decrease in land occupation indicator, even though ozone layer depletion impact indicator shows a negative performance. Nevertheless, partial aggregates replacement should be coupled by a limited cement replacement, in order to trigger a substantial decrease of the environmental impact in concrete production
Sustainability measurement Evolution and methods
Full text linkIncreased attention to environmental and social issues has spurred the demand for sustainability measurement theories and methodologies. By analyzing major research streams in the sustainability measurement literature, this chapter sheds light on the evolution of sustainability measurement research, the gaps triggering a fragmentation in the field, and the contributions that measuring sustainability provides to performance measurement and the management literature. We first detail the tools that companies can implement to assess the interplay between sustainability issues and stakeholders, such as stakeholder maps and materiality matrices. Then, we investigate the approaches and the metrics that companies adopt to develop a sustainable performance measurement system, along with sustainability reporting practices. Finally, we propose some emerging themes and future research trends on sustainability measurement
Presenza di residui di farmaci ad uso umano e veterinario nelle acque potabili: revisione sistematica
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