1,721,007 research outputs found
Certainty and Normativity from a Phenomenological Point of View
No full textIn this Dissertation I argue on phenomenological grounds that our cognition is so structured that its aim is to possess absolutely certain knowledge. In Chapter I I clarify the notion of absolute certainty and discuss an argument to the effect that it is impossible to satisfy the conditions for absolute certainty. In Chapter II I characterise the sort of phenomenological method which I will use in order to investigate the commitments of the most fundamental ingredients of cognition. Chapters III, IV and V are devoted to an investigation of the normative profile of judgment, suspension of judgment and doubt respectively. In Chapter VI I introduce constitutivism about normativity, namely the view according to which the authority of some norm is constitutive of some suitably inescapable activity. I explain how phenomenology is needed in order to claim that some norm is constitutive for cognition. In Chapter VII I argue that global and pyrrhonian scepticisms are untenable. In Chapter VIII I argue that fallibilism and externalism are untenable. Crucially, it will emerge that the sole tenable standpoint is the one that countenances the existence of certainties and in particular certainty about the fundamental epistemological theory itself. In Chapter IX I argue on phenomenological grounds that truth is the constitutive aim of cognition. In Chapter X I offer a constitutivist view of alethic normativity that grounds the validity of the truth-norm on the fact that cognition itself is constitutively aimed at truth. In Chapter XI I extend constituvism to epistemic normativity, and argue that certainty is the norm or aim of cognition. Finally, in Chapter XII, I distinguish between local and transcendental hinges, the latter being the proposition whose truth is presupposed by any engagement in cognition, and argue that only transcendental hinges can be immune from doubt
Cantor's Abstractionism and Hume's Principle
No full textRichard Kimberly Heck and Paolo Mancosu have claimed that the possibility of non-Cantorian assignments of cardinalities to infinite concepts shows that Hume's Principle (HP) is not implicit in the concept of cardinal number. Neologicism would therefore be threatened by the 'good company' HP is kept by such alternative assignments. In his review of Mancosu's book, Bob Hale argues, however, that 'getting different numerosities for different countable infinite collections depends on taking the groups in a certain order - but it is of the essence of cardinal numbers that the cardinal size of a collection does not depend upon how its members are ordered'. This paper's goal is to implement Hale's response to the Good Company problem by producing a Cantorian argument for HP. In Section 2, we present the Heck-Mancosu argument against neologicism. In Section 3, we discuss Hale's defence of Hume's Principle. In Section 4, we discuss Cantor's abstractionist definitions of number. In Section 5, we argue that good abstraction must comply with what we call 'Godel's Minimal Account of Abstraction' (GMAA). We finally show (Sections 5 and 6) that non-Cantorian theories of cardinality fail to satisfy GMAA
Filosofia con i bambini. Introduzione
No full textPresentazione del tema della filosofia dei bambini e l'approccio didattico della pratiche filosofiche
Aristotle’s Problem
No full textPlatonism is traditionally defined as the view that there are abstract mathematical objects, and that those objects are independent of human beings and their thoughts, language, and practices. This paper has two goals. First, to show that this definition fails to distinguish platonism from various forms of aristotelianism in the philosophy of mathematics, according to which mathematical objects depend for their existence and properties on non-mathematical ones. Second, to argue that platonism is best defined in terms of metaphysical fundamentality, as the view that there are fundamental mathematical entities. I finally distinguish between different varieties of mathematical aristotelianism
: An overview
No full textIn Thin objects: an abstractionist account (Oxford University Press, 2018), oystein Linnebo claims that 'mathematical objects are thin in the sense that very little is required for their existence'. Linnebo articulates his view in an abstractionist manner: according to Linnebo, the truth of the right-hand side of a Fregean abstraction principle, which states that two items stand in a given equivalence relation, is sufficient for the truth of its left-hand side, which states that the same abstract object is associated to both items. This special issue contains nine articles discussing different aspects of Linnebo's book. In this introduction, we provide an opinionated introduction to the Special Issue and an overview of the contributions
Workflow and Access Control Reloaded: a Declarative Specification Framework for the Automated Analysis of Web Services
No full textWeb services supporting business and administrative transactions between several parties over the Internet are more and more widespread. Their development involves several security issues ranging from authentication to the management of the access to shared resources according to given business and legal models. The capability of validating designs against fast evolving requirements is of paramount importance for the adaptation of business and administrative models to changing regulations and rapidly evolving market needs. We present formal specification and analysis techniques that allow us to validate the designs of security-sensitive web services specified in the Business Process Execution Language and extensions of the Role-Based Access Control model. We also present a prototype tool, called WSSMT, mechanizing our approach and describe our experience in using it on two industrial case studies, on in the e-business and one in the e-government area
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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