1,720,981 research outputs found
Adaptive kooperative Mensch-Maschine Systeme: Berichte aus aktuellen Forschungsprojekten
No full textIn diesem Beitrag wird das Projekt A-PiMod (Aplying Pilot Models for Safer Aircraft) vorge-stellt. Das Ziel von A-PiMod ist eine kooperative und adaptive Interaktion zwischen Piloten und Automatisierung durch die Entwicklung einer neuartigen Cockpit-Architektur zu ermög-lichen. Dadurch sollen durch Unfälle offenbar gewordenen Probleme des heutigen Cockpit-Designs gelöst werden und die Sicherheit weiter erhöht werden.
Die entwickelte Cockpit-Architektur besteht aus drei miteinander verknüpften Säulen: einer Online-Risikobewertung, einer multimodalen Schnittstelle und einer auf einem Pilotenmodell basierenden Aufgabenverteilung. Diese drei Säulen ermöglichen der Architektur in dreierlei Hinsicht adaptiv zu sein. Zum ersten werden permanent Daten über die Umgebung und den Zustands des Flugzeugs ausgewertet, um die bestmögliche Adaption der Mission an die aktu-elle Situation zu ermitteln. Zweitens ist die Interaktion zwischen Piloten und Automatisierung adaptiv. Das heißt, die Art und Weise, wie Informationen zwischen Crew und Automatisie-rung ausgetauscht werden können, ist variabel. Schließlich ist durch die dynamische Vertei-lung der Aufgaben die Automatisierung adaptiv. Um die Aufgabenverteilung permanent an die aktuelle Leistungsfähigkeit der Piloten anzupassen, wird diese sowohl aufbauend auf Wis-sen über die generelle Leistungsfähigkeit als auch abhängig vom aktuellen Status der Piloten bestimmt, der permanent erfasst und bewertet wird
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Neuroadaptive Technologie: Konzepte, Methoden, und Validierungen
No full textThis dissertation presents conceptual, methodological, and experimental advances in the field of neuroadaptive technology. Neuroadaptive technology refers to the category of technology that uses implicit input obtained from brain activity in order to adapt itself, e.g. to enable implicit interaction. Implicit input refers to any input obtained by a receiver that was not intended as such by the sender. Neuroadaptive technology thus detects naturally-occurring brain activity that was not intended for communication or control, and uses it to enable novel human-computer interaction paradigms. Part I of this dissertation presents different categories of neuroadaptive systems, and introduces cognitive probing, a method in which the technology deliberately elicits a brain response from the user in order to learn from it. Part II introduces two tools to help validate some core methods related to neuroadaptive technology: SEREEGA, with which electroencephalographic data can be simulated, and a classifier visualisation technique revealing which (cortical) areas a brain-computer interface classifier focused on. Finally, Part III presents two experimental studies illustrating and validating the technology described in Part I using the methods from Part II. In particular, it is demonstrated how neuroadaptive technology can be used to enable implicit cursor control using cognitive probing. Additional experimentation revealed that brain activity elicited by cursor movements can reflect internal, subjective interpretations. These experiments thus highlight both the potential benefits and the potential ethical, legal, and societal concerns of neuroadaptive technology.In dieser Dissertation werden konzeptuelle, methodologische, und experimentelle Fortschritte auf dem Gebiet der neuroadaptiven Technologie vorgestellt. Neuroadaptive Technologie bezieht sich auf die Kategorie der Technologien, die impliziten Input aus der Hirnaktivität unter Verwendung einer passiven Hirn-Computer-Schnittstelle verwenden, um sich selbst anzupassen, z.B. um implizite Interaktion zu ermöglichen. Impliziter Input bezeichnet jede Eingabe, die von einem Empfänger erhalten wird, jedoch von dem Sender nicht als solche beabsichtigt war. Die neuroadaptive Technologie erkennt also natürlich auftretende Hirnaktivität, die nicht für Kommunikation oder Kontrolle gedacht war, und nutzt sie, um neuartige Mensch-Computer-Interaktionsparadigmen zu ermöglichen. Teil I dieser Dissertation stellt verschiedene Kategorien von neuroadaptiven Systemen vor und führt cognitive probing ('kognitive Sondierung') ein: eine Methode, bei der die Technologie dem Benutzer absichtlich eine Gehirnreaktion entlockt, um von ihr zu lernen. Teil II stellt zwei Werkzeuge vor, die bei der Validierung einiger Kernmethoden der neuroadaptiven Technologie helfen sollen: SEREEGA, mit dem elektroenzephalographische Daten simuliert werden können, und eine Klassifikator-Visualisierungsmethode um zu erkennen, auf welche (kortikalen) Bereiche sich ein Klassifikator konzentriert. Schließlich werden in Teil III zwei experimentelle Studien vorgestellt, die die in Teil I beschriebene Technologien mit den Methoden aus Teil II veranschaulichen und validieren. Insbesondere wird gezeigt, wie neuroadaptive Technologie eingesetzt werden kann, um implizite Cursorsteuerung mittels cognitive probing zu ermöglichen. Zusätzliche Experimente zeigten, dass die durch die Cursorbewegungen hervorgerufene Hirnaktivität interne, subjektive Interpretationen widerspiegeln kann. Diese Experimente verdeutlichen somit sowohl den potenziellen Nutzen als auch die möglichen ethischen, rechtlichen, und gesellschaftlichen Bedenken, die in Teil I ebenfalls angesprochen wurden
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
- …
