1,720,979 research outputs found
Nowi biedni emeryci. O osobach uzyskujących świadczenia emerytalne niższe niż emerytura minimalna, tom 2
Get PDFFacts and Artifacts of Social Dialogue
Get PDFThe paper's objective is to provide a methodical review of facts and artifacts of social dialogue in Poland. The author states number of questions regarding the nature of social dialogue in Poland such as its alleged superficiality, efficiency in solving industrial disputes and viability as a source of political legitimisation. While admitting that social dialogue retains a superficial character, the author remarks that such statement may by true only if one limits its attention to instrumental functions of social dialogue. The question concerning social dialogue's potential to prevent escalation of conflicts remains open. Finally, Polish social dialogue is described as possibly able to serve as a significant source of legitimisation to the political system
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Problemy społeczne. Między socjologią demaskatorską a polityką społeczną. Księga jubileuszowa dla Kazimierza W. Frieskego
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Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
The Function and Mission of Presbyters in Tertullian’s Works
No full textTertullian did not bequeath any treaty directly about Church and organization of it. Well, he certainly did not regard it as something required. The aggregate of his works quite precise shows how Church in North Africa functioned in II and III century. In his works term presbyter it seems to be ultimately stated. The term determines the second level of beadle, subordinate authority of supervisor of community – pontiff. For that reason, presbyters did not arouse our author, who frequently lists them in relation with the superior. They participated in actions appropriate for pontiff such as education or gave baptism to somebody. Moreover, they confirm Christian marriage and they achieve intercessory function while public expiation sinners. However, they probably do not possess power to absolve worshippers. Tertullian especially point out their disciplinary function, they had to provide peace in the community although they create with pontiff and deaconry the hierarchy in Church.Tertulian nie pozostawił po sobie żadnego traktatu dotyczącego sensu stricto Kościoła i jego organizacji. Z pewnością nie widział takiej potrzeby. Całokształt jego twórczości daje jednak wystarczająco precyzyjny obraz organizacji kościelnej w Afryce Północnej na przełomie II i III w. Termin presbyter w dziełach Kartagińczyka wydaje się już ostatecznie ustalony. Jest on użyty przez niego na określenie urzędu kościelnego drugiego stopnia, podporządkowanego we wszystkim władzy przełożonego wspólnoty-biskupa. Z tego też powodu prezbiterzy nie wzbudzają większego zainteresowania naszego autora, który często wymienia ich tylko w relacji do zwierzchnika wspólnoty. Uczestniczą oni w czynnościach ministerialnych właściwych biskupowi, takich jak nauczanie, udzielanie chrztu czy prawdopodobnie sprawowanie eucharystii. Ponadto prezbiterzy uczestniczą w zatwierdzaniu chrześcijańskich małżeństw oraz spełniają rolę wstawienniczą podczas publicznej pokuty grzeszników. Nie posiadają oni jednak władzy odpuszczania grzechów. Pomimo tego, iż prezbiterzy wraz z biskupem i diakonami tworzą hierarchię w Kościele, to Tertulian zasadniczo podkreśla ich rolę dyscyplinarną, mającą zapewnić pokój we wspólnocie
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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